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تأثیر تنش خشکی و اسید سالیسیلیک بر صفات ظاهری و فیزیولوژیکی گیاه رازیانه

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 کارشناس ‌ارشد، گروه زراعت، دانشکدة کشاورزی، دانشگاه شهید باهنر کرمان، کرمان، ایران

2 دانشیار گروه زراعت، دانشکدة کشاورزی، دانشگاه شهید باهنر کرمان، کرمان، ایران

چکیده

امروزه، کاربرد اسید سالیسیلیک در افزایش مقاومت گیاهان به تنش خشکی افزایش یافته است. از این‌رو، جهت بررسی تأثیر اسید سالیسیلیک بر خصوصیات مورفوفیزیولوژیکی گیاه رازیانه  (Foeniculum Vulgare Mill.)تحت شرایط تنش خشکی، آزمایشی در مزرعة تحقیقاتی دانشگاه شهید باهنر کرمان، به‌صورت کرت‌های خرد ده در قالب طرح مربع لاتین با سه تکرار به مرحلة اجرا درآمد. تنش خشکی در سه سطح (50، 75 و 100 درصد ظرفیت زراعی) فاکتور اصلی و غلظت اسید سالیسیلیک در سه سطح (صفر، 5/0 و یک میلی مولار) فاکتور فرعی درنظر گرفته شد. محلول‌پاشی اسید سالیسیلیک در مرحلة چهاربرگی و قبل از اعمال تنش خشکی انجام شد. نتایج نشان داد تنش خشکی باعث کاهش معنادار ارتفاع، تعداد و طول میان‌گره در ساقة اصلی، عملکرد دانه و پروتئین برگ (به‌ترتیب 2/14، 4/2، 5/31، 51 و 5/23 درصد) و افزایش معنادار پراکسایش لیپید، پراکسید هیدروژن و ترکیبات فنلی برگ (6/66، 5/10 و 1/14 درصد) نسبت به شاهد شد. با افزایش غلظت اسید سالیسیلیک به‌جز کاهش در پراکسایش لیپید و پراکسایش هیدروژن (8/31 و 7/13درصد)، افزایش معناداری در سایر صفات نسبت به تیمار شاهد دیده شد. اثر متقابل خشکی در اسید سالیسیلیک نیز بر طول میانگره در ساقة اصلی، پراکسایش لیپید و پروتئین معنادار بود. در نتیجه، اسید سالیسیلیک در غلظت 1 میلی‌مولار در رفع آسیب‌های ناشی از تنش خشکی نقش مؤثری دارد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effects of drought stress and salicylic acid on morphological and physiological traits of (Foeniculum vulgare Mill.)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Fatemeh Salarpour Ghoraba 1
  • Hassan Farahbakhsh 2

1 M.Sc., Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran

2 Associate Professor, Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran

چکیده [English]

Recently, application of SA has increased to improve plants resistance to stresses such as drought. Hence, to investigate SA effects on morphophysiological characteristics of Fennel(Foeniculum vulgare Mill.) under drought stress, a split plot experiment based on latin square design with three replications was carried out at research farm of Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman in 2012. Three levels of drought stress (50, 75 and 100% of field capacity) and 3 concentrations of SA (0, 0.5 and 1mM) were considered as main and sub plot respectively. Foliar application of SA was performed at 3 to 4 leaf growth stage and before application of drought stress. The results showed that drought stress reduced plant height, the number and length of internodes on the main stem , grain yield and leaf protein (14.2, 2.4, 31.5, 51 and 23.5 percent respectively) and increased lipid peroxidation, hydrogen peroxide and phenolic compounds(66.6, 10.5 and 14.1 percent) compared to control. With increasing concentrations of salicylic acid, except for a reduction in lipid peroxidation and hydrogen peroxide (31.8 and 13.7 percent) a significant increase was observed in other traits when compared to control. Interaction of drought stress and SA on internode length on the main stem, lipid peroxidation and protein were signified. it was concluded that salicylic acid whit concentration of 1 mM has an effective role in alevieting stress injuries induced by drought.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Drought stress
  • Fennel
  • Foliar Application
  • morphological and physiological traits
  • Salicylic Acid
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صفحه 765-778
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