نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 کارشناس ارشد گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشکدۀ کشاورزی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران، ایران

2 استادیار گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشکدۀ کشاورزی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران، ایران

چکیده

این پژوهش به‌منظور تعیین بهترین مرحلۀ نمو گل جهت جمع‌آوری دانۀ گرده و محیط جوانه‌زنی دانۀ گرده و همچنین ارزیابی اثر دمای نگهداری و غلظت‌های مختلف پوترسین بر زنده­مانی دانۀ گرده و جوانه‌زنی دو ژنوتیپ گل محمدی (‘آذران’و ‘کاشان’) انجام گرفت. این آزمایش به‌صورت فاکتوریل بر پایة طرح کاملاً تصادفی با شانزده تیمار و چهار تکرار اجرا شد. فاکتور­های مورد مطالعه شامل چهار سطح دمای نگهداری دانۀ گرده (25، 4، 20- و 80- درجۀ سانتی‌گراد) و چهار سطح پوترسین (غلظت‌های صفر (شاهد)، 25/0، 5/0 و 5/2 میلی‌مولار) بود. براساس نتایج، بهترین مرحلۀ نمو گل برای جمع‌آوری دانۀ گرده، مرحلۀ غنچة نیمه‌باز، و محیط جوانه‌زنی مناسب نیز حاوی ppm 300 نیترات کلسیم، ppm 200 سولفات منیزیم، ppm 100 نیترات پتاسیم، ppm 100 اسید بوریک، 15 درصد ساکارز و 2/1 درصد آگار بود. در ژنوتیپ ‘آذران’ بیشترین و کمترین درصد جوانه‌زنی به‌ترتیب در محیط حاوی 25/0 و 5/2 میلی‌مولار پوترسین به‌دست آمد. همچنین بررسی روند جوانه‌زنی دانۀ گردة ژنوتیپ ‘کاشان’ در بازه‌های زمانی مختلف نشان داد که با گذشت زمان، درصد جوانه‌زنی دانۀ گرده کاهش می‌یابد که این روند کاهش درصد جوانه‌زنی تحت تأثیر غلظت کم پوترسین و با نگهداری در دمای 80- درجۀ سانتی‌گراد کندتر شد. نتایج این تحقیق نشان داد که نگهداری دانۀ گرده در دمای کم (80- درجۀ سانتی‌گراد) و کشت آن در محیط حاوی کمترین مقدار پوترسین (25/0 میلی‌مولار) سبب دستیابی به بیشترین درصد جوانه‌زنی دانۀ گرده می‌شود

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of storage temperature and putrescine concentrations on pollen germination and pollen tube growth of two genotypes of Iranian damask rose

نویسندگان [English]

  • seyedeh samaneh hosseini 1
  • Noorollah Ahmadi 2
  • Abbas Yadollahi 2

1 M.Sc., Department of Horticultural Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran

2 Assistant Professor, Department of Horticultural Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran

چکیده [English]

This research was conducted to determine the optimum bud or flower developing stage for pollen collection and a proper pollen germination medium and to evaluate the effect of storage temperature and different concentrations of putrescine on pollen viability and germination of two genotypes of damask rose (‘Azaran’ and ‘Kashan’). The main experiment was performed based on a factorial design, with 16 treatment and 4 replications. Factors studied included four levels of putrescine (concentrations zero, 0.25, 0.5 and 2.5 mM) and four levels of pollen storage temperatures (25, four, -20 and -80°C). The best stage for collecting pollen grain was semi-open bud stage and the optimum medium containing 300 μg/l CaNO3, 200 μg/l MgSO4, 100 μg/l KNO3, 100 μg/l H3BO3, 15 percent sucrose and 1.2 percent agar. In ‘Azaran’ genotype, maximum and minimum pollen germination rate was obtained in media containing 0.25 and 2.5 mM putrescine, respectively. Storage condition of pollen grains resulted in decreasing the pollen germination rate in ‘Kashan’ genotype, while storage of pollen grains at -80°C revealed higher germination rate on medium containing 0.25 mM putrescine. As a result, maximum pollen germination percentage was obtained by storage of pollens in low temperature (-80°C) and in media containing low concentrations of putrescine.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Flower developing stage
  • Germination media
  • pollen grain
  • Putrescine
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