نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه گیاه‌پزشکی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه لرستان، خرم‌آباد، ایران.

2 گروه گیاه پزشکی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه لرستان، خرم آباد، ایران.

چکیده

هدف: گیاه گندم هر ساله تحت تأثیر بیماری‏های قارچی مختلف از جمله بلایت فوزاریومی سنبله گندم قرار می گیرد. تلقیح بذور با ریزوباکتری‏های بومی افزاینده رشد گیاه (PGPR)، رویکردی مناسب در مدیریت سلامت، بهبود تولید و کیفیت محصولات کشاورزی می‏باشد.
روش پژوهش: برای ارزیابی توانایی مهار زیستی و فعالیت آنزیم‏های آنتی‏اکسیدانتی پراکسیداز و کاتالاز توسط باکتری‏های اندوفیت در ژنوتیپ‏های مقاوم و حساس گندم آلوده به بیماری بلایت فوزاریومی سنبله، آزمایشی به‌صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی در بهار 1401 در دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه لرستان انجام شد. تیمارهای آزمایش شامل چهار جدایه باکتری Pseudomonas brassicacearum،Pseudomonas sp.، Exiguobacterium sp.،  Acinetobacter calcoaceticus و مخلوط آن‌ها بود.
یافته‌ها: نتایج نشان داد که در توانایی مهار زیستی بین چهار جدایه، بیش‌ترین درصد بازدارندگی از رشد پرگنه قارچ بیمارگر مربوط به جدایة P. brassicacearum با مقدار 33/49 درصد بود. فعالیت آنزیم‏های آنتی‏اکسیدانی (پراکسیداز و کاتالاز) هم در رقم مقاوم آلوده و هم در رقم حساس آلوده در زمان‏های مختلف بعد از مایه‏زنی با قارچ، نسبت به شاهد افزایش چشم‏گیری داشت. تیمار مخلوط باکتری+رقم مقاوم+ آلوده با میانگین 41/12 بیش‌ترین و تیمار B3+ حساس+ شاهد با میانگین 59/3 کم‌ترین میانگین فعالیت آنزیم کاتالاز را نشان دادند. هم‏چنین تیمار مخلوط باکتری+رقم مقاوم+ آلوده با میانگین 93/1 بیش‌ترین و تیمار B3+ حساس+ شاهد با میانگین 58/0 کم‌ترین میانگین فعالیت آنزیم پراکسیداز را نشان دادند.
نتیجه‌گیری: با توجه به کارایی بالای سویه‏های باکتریایی مورداستفاده در افزایش فعالیت آنزیم‏های آنتی‏اکسیدانتی و هم‏چنین توانایی فعالیت ضدقارچی آن‌ها می‏توانند به‌عنوان یک گزینه مناسب در تولید گیاهان سالم موردبررسی قرار گیرند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

The Effect of PGPR on Biological Inhibition and the Activity of Some Antioxidant Enzymes of Two Resistant and Sensitive Genotypes of Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Infected with Fusarium graminearum Fungus

نویسندگان [English]

  • Ehsan Hasanvand 1
  • Mostafa Darvishnia 2
  • Hosein Mirzaei najafgholi 2
  • Samira Pakbaz 2

1 Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Lorestan University, Khoramabad, Iran.

2 Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Lorestan University, Khoramabad, Iran.

چکیده [English]

Objective: Every year, wheat is affected by various fungal diseases, including Fusarium blight. Seed inoculation with native PGPR is a suitable approach in health management, improving productions and their quality. Methods: To evaluate the bioinhibition ability and activity of antioxidant enzymes peroxidase and catalase by endophytic bacteria in resistant and sensitive genotypes of wheat infected with FHB, a factorial experiment in the form of a completely randomized design was conducted in spring, 2022 at the Faculty of Agriculture of Lorestan University. The experimental treatments included four strains of Pseudomonas brassicacearum, Pseudomonas sp., Exiguobacterium sp., Acinetobacter calcoaceticus and their combination.
Results: Results showed that among the four isolates the highest percentage of growth inhibition of fungi was related to the P. brassicacearum isolate with a value of 49.33%. The activity of antioxidant enzymes both in the infected resistant and susceptible cultivars at different times after inoculation with fungus increased significantly compared to the control. The combined treatment of bacteria+ resistant cultivar+ infected showed the highest average activity of catalase with an average of 12.41 and the treatment B3+ sensitive cultivar+ control showed the lowest average catalase activity with an average of 3.59. Also, the combined treatment of bacteria+ resistant cultivar+ infected showed the highest average of 1.93 and the B3+ sensitive cultivar+ control treatment showed the lowest average of peroxidase enzyme activity with an average of 0.58.
Conclusion: Considering the high efficiency of the bacterial strains used in increasing the activity antioxidant enzymes and also their antifungal activity, they can be considered as a suitable option in producing healthy plants.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Biological control
  • Enzyme
  • Growth promoting bacteria
  • Wheat blight disease

منابع

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مرشدی، ابراهیم؛ قرینه، محمدحسین؛ کوچک زاده، احمد و بخشنده، عبدالمهدی (1402). تأثیر باکتری‌های باسیلوس و سودوموناس بر عملکرد کمی و کیفی و راندمان مالت‌سازی ارقام مختلف جو در شرایط دیم. به زراعی کشاورزی، 25 (2)، 313-330. doi: 10.22059/jci.2022.333633.2638
 
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