نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی کارشناسی‌ارشد، بخش اگرواکولوژی، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی داراب، دانشگاه شیراز، داراب، ایران.

2 استادیار، بخش اگرواکولوژی، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی داراب، دانشگاه شیراز، داراب، ایران.

3 دانشیار، بخش علوم خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی داراب، دانشگاه شیراز، داراب، ایران.

4 دانشیار، بخش اگرواکولوژی، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی داراب، دانشگاه شیراز، داراب، ایران.

چکیده

این پژوهشی در مزرعه تحقیقاتی اگرواکولوژی دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی داراب – دانشگاه شیراز در سال زراعی 97-1396 انجام شد. آزمایش به‌صورت اسپلیت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح بلوک کامل تصادفی در سه تکرار اجرا شد. تیمار‌ها در این پژوهش شامل: دو سطح آبیاری به‌عنوان عامل اصلی [1- مطلوب: آبیاری بر اساس نیاز آبی گیاه تا مرحله رسیدگی فیزیولوژیک و 2- تنش آبی: آبیاری بر اساس نیاز آبی گیاه تا انتهای مرحله‌ی گلدهی (قطع آبیاری پس از مرحله گلدهی)] بود. همچنین، عامل‌های فرعی شامل دو سطح بقایای گیاهی [1- حذف بقایا و 2- برگرداندن 30 درصد بقایای گیاهی (کاه گندم) به خاک] و چهار منبع کودی [1- شاهد: صفر کیلوگرم نیتروژن بر هکتار، 2- کود نیتروژن: کاربرد 100 کیلو‌گرم نیتروژن بر هکتار 3- کود تلفیقی: استفاده از باکتری آزوسپیریلوم (Azospirillum brasilense) و نیتروژن به مقدار 50 کیلو‌گرم نیتروژن بر هکتار و 4- کود زیستی: تلقیح بذر‌ها با باکتری آزوسپیریلوم] بود. نتایج نشان داد که قطع آبیاری پس از گلدهی سبب کاهش معنی‌دار میزان جذب عناصر توسط اندام هوایی و دانه جو شد. همه منابع کودی سبب افزایش جذب عناصر کم‌مصرف به‌ویژه در شرایط مطلوب رطوبتی شدند. در بین تیمارهای کاربردی، تیمار تلفیقی در جذب عناصر کم‌مصرف مؤثرتر بود. همچنین، بیشترین عملکرد دانه در تیمار آبیاری مطلوب و تنش آبی به‌واسطه‌ی استفاده تلفیقی از کود نیتروژن و باکتری به دست آمد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effects of Nitrogen Fertilizer and Crop Residues on Yield and Micronutrient Contents of Barley under Deficit Irrigation

نویسندگان [English]

  • Maryam Niazi Ardekani 1
  • Vahid Barati 2
  • Hamid reza Boostani 3
  • Ehsan Bijanzadeh 4

1 M.Sc. Student, Agroecology Department. Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources of Darab, Shiraz University, Darab, Iran

2 Assistant Professor, Agroecology Department, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources of Darab, Shiraz University, Darab, Iran.

3 Associate Professor, Soil Science Department, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources of Darab, Shiraz University, Darab , Iran.

4 Associate Professor, Agroecology Department, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources of Darab, Shiraz University, Darab, Iran.

چکیده [English]

This study was perform at the experimental farm of the College of Agriculture and Natural Resources of Darab, Shiraz University in 2017 - 2018 growing season. A split factorial experiment in a randomized complete block design with three replicates was carried out. Treatments included: two levels of irrigation as the main plots [normal irrigation (IRN): irrigation based on the plant's water requirement up to the physiological maturity and another factor was water stress (IRDI): irrigation based on the plant's water requirement up to the anthesis stage (cutting of irrigation after anthesis)]. Also, sub plots were two levels of wheat residues [1. without residue, 2. returning 30% of wheat residue to soil] and four fertilizer sources [N0, no nitrogen fertilizer (control); N100, 100 kg N ha-1; Bio + N50, Biofertilizer (Azospirillum brasilense) + 50 kg N ha-1 and Bio, Biofertilizer (Azospirillum brasilense)]. The results showed that the cut of irrigation after anthesis significantly decreased the micronutrients uptake of shoot and grain in barley. All fertilizer sources increased the uptake of micronutrients especially in normal irrigation conditions. Among the N sources, the Bio + N50 treatment was more effective in micronutrients uptake. Also, the highest grain yield in the normal irrigation and water stress condition was obtained in Bio + N50.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Azospirillum
  • copper
  • iron
  • magnesium
  • zinc
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