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ارزیابی صفات فیزیولوژیکی، عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد دانه و روغن بالنگوی شهری تحت شرایط کم‌آبیاری در واکنش به محلول‌‌پاشی براسینواستروئید

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری، گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه کردستان، سنندج، ایران.

2 دانشیار، گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه کردستان، سنندج، ایران.

3 استادیار، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، زنجان، ایران.

چکیده

این تحقیق به‌‌منظور بررسی اثر براسینواستروئید بر برخی صفات فیزیولوژیکی، اجزای عملکرد و عملکرد دانه و روغن بالنگوی شهری تحت شرایط کم‌آبیاری به اجرا درآمد. آزمایش به‌‌صورت کرت‌‌های خردشده بر پایه طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار در دو سال زراعی 96-1395 و 97-1396 در مزرعه تحقیقاتی مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان زنجان اجرا شد. تیمارهای آزمایش شامل سطوح ‌آبیاری (آبیاری معمولی یا شاهد، قطع آبیاری از آغاز گل‌دهی تا پایان رسیدگی، قطع آبیاری از آغاز شاخه‌‌دهی یعنی ظهور ششمین جفت برگ ساقه اصلی تا رسیدگی فیزیولوژیکی) در  کرت‌های اصلی و محلول‌‌پاشی با براسینواستروئید با غلظت‌‌های 5/0، 1، 5/1 میکرومولار و شاهد در کرت‌‌های فرعی قرار گرفتند. نتایج آزمایش نشان داد که قطع آبیاری از آغاز شاخه‌دهی موجب افت محتوای کلروفیل کل‌ (8/42 درصد)، تعداد کپسول در بوته (7/62 درصد)، تعداد دانه در بوته (1/66 درصد)، وزن  هزاردانه (3/22 درصد)، عملکرد بیولوژیکی (1/62 درصد) و دانه (5/73 درصد)، شاخص برداشت (8/30 درصد) و عملکرد روغن (1/75 درصد) شد. محلول‌پاشی با براسینواستروئید فقط موجب افزایش معنی‌دار غلظت کلروفیل کل برگ و درصد روغن دانه شد. بین سطوح محلول‌پاشی با براسینواستروئید به لحاظ غلظت کلروفیل کل برگ و درصد روغن دانه، تفاوت آماری معنی‌داری وجود داشت. تصمیم‌گیری در ارتباط با میزان تأثیر این  تنظیم‌کننده رشد بر بهبود رشد و عملکرد بالنگو تحت شرایط کم‌آبیاری نیاز به تحقیقات تکمیلی دارد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluation of Physiological Characteristics, Yield, Yield Components, and Oil Yield of Dragon’s Head ‎under Deficit Irrigation Conditions in Response to Foliar Application of Brassinosteroid

نویسندگان [English]

  • Saeid Naservafaei 1
  • Yousef Sohrabi 2
  • Parviz Moradi 3

1 Ph.D. Candidate, Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj, Iran.

2 Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj, Iran.

3 Assistant Professor, Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Centre, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Zanjan, Iran.

چکیده [English]

The present study has been conducted to investigate the effect of Brassinosteroid on some physiological traits, yield components, seed yield, and oil of Dragon’s head under deficit irrigation conditions. The experiment has been conducted as split-plot based on a randomized complete block design with three replications during 2016-2017 and 2017-2018 in the research farm of Agricultural Research and Training Center and Natural Resources of Zanjan Province. Experimental treatments include deficit irrigation (normal or control irrigation, irrigation cut-off from the beginning of flowering to the end of maturity, irrigation cut-off from the beginning of branching (emergence of the sixth pair of main stem leaves to physiological maturity) in main and foliar spraying with Brassinosteroid with concentrations of 0.5, 1.5, 1.5 μM, and control, all applied in the sub plots. Results show that irrigation cut-off from the beginning of branching has decreased in total the chlorophyll content (42.8%), number of capsules per plant (62.7%), number of seed per plant (66.1%), 1000-seed weight (22.3%), biological and seed yield (62.1%), harvest index (30.8%), and oil yield (75.1%). Foliar application with Brassinosteroids has only significantly increased the leaf total chlorophyll concentration and seed oil percentage under different levels of irrigation cut-off stress. There is a statistically significant difference between foliar application levels with Brassinosteroids for leaf total chlorophyll concentration and seed oil percentage traits. There is a need for complementary researches to prove the effectiveness of foliar application with this growth regulator to improve growth and yield of Dragon’s head under deficit irrigation conditions.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Biological yield
  • Chlorophyll content
  • Foliar application
  • Growth regulator
  • Irrigation cut-off
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به زراعی کشاورزی
دوره 23، شماره 3
مهر 1400
صفحه 606-593
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هم رسانی
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