نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استاد، گروه مهندسی تولید و ژنتیک گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز، اهواز، ایران.

2 دانشجوی کارشناسی‌ارشد، گروه مهندسی تولید و ژنتیک گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز، اهواز، ایران.

3 استادیار، گروه مهندسی تولید و ژنتیک گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز، اهواز، ایران.

چکیده

هدف از اجرای این تحقیق بررسی اثر افزایش تنوع گیاهان علوفه‏ای شبدر، جو، نخود، ماشک و شنبلیله در روش‌های مختلف کشت بر خصوصیات کمی و کیفی علوفه است. این آزمایش در سال زراعی 97-96 در مزرعه تحقیقاتی دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز انجام شد. طرح آزمایشی به‏صورت کرت‌های یک‌بار خردشده بر پایه طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار اجرا شد. تیمار اصلی روش کشت در سه سطح شامل: M1 کشت خطی بافاصله بین ردیف ده سانتی‏متر، M2: کشت خطی بافاصله بین ردیف بیست سانتی‏متر و M3: کشت درهم بود. فاکتور فرعی شامل تنوع کشت گیاهان علوفه‌ای با هفت سطح شامل: D1:] 50% جو+ 50% شبدر (شاهد)[، D2 ] 50% جو + 25% شبدر + 25% نخود[، D3:] 50% جو+ 25% شبدر + 25% ماشک[، D4 :]50% جو+ 25% شبدر + 25% نخود [D5:]50% جو+ 25% نخود + 25% ماشک[D6: ] 50% جو+ 25% نخود + 25% شنبلیله[ و D7:] 50% جو+ 25% ماشک + 25% شنبلیله. خصوصیات کمی شامل عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد علوفه وخصوصیات کیفی شامل پروتئین خام، الیاف غیرمحلول در شوینده‏ی اسیدی (ADF)، الیاف محلول در شوینده‏ی اسیدی (NDF)، ماده‏ی خشک قابل‌هضم، کربوهیدرات‏های محلول در آب، الیاف خام و خاکستر اندازه‏گیری شدند. نتایج نشان داد بیشترین عملکرد کل علوفه (g.m-2 9/1268) در تیمار روش کشت خطی بافاصله بین ردیف ده سانتی‌متر و تنوع گیاهی 50% جو+ 25% نخود + 25% شنبلیله به‏دست آمد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of different forage crops and cultivation method on quantity and quality of forage in intercropping

نویسندگان [English]

  • Amir Aynehband 1
  • saber hosaini 2
  • masomeh farzaneh 3

1 Professor, Department of Plant Production and Genetics, Agricultur’s Faculty, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran.

2 M.Sc. Studnt, Department of Plant Production and Genetics, Agricultur’s Faculty, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran.

3 Assistant Professor, Department of Plant Production and Genetics, Agricultur’s Faculty, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran.

چکیده [English]

The evaluation of different forage crops (clover, barley, chickpea, vetch, and fenugreek) and planting method's effect on the quality and quantity of forage yield was the main goal of this study. This study was conducted as a split-plot based on a randomized complete blocks design with three replications on the experimental research field of agriculture faculty, the Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz during 2017-2018. Main plot included three planting methods (row intercropping with 10 cm and 20 cm interval and mixed intercropping) and sub-plot was seven forage crops with dominance of barley (50% barley+50% clover as control, 50% barley+25% clover+25% chickpea, 50% barley+25% clover+25% vetch, 50% barley+25% clover+25% fenugreek and 50% barley+25% vetch+25% fenugreek). Total forage yield and yield components and also, some quality parameters of forage (ADF, NDF, WSC, DMD, raw fiber and ash were measured. The results showed that the highest total forage yield (1268.9 g.m-2) was belonged to crop diversity of 50% barley + 25% chickpea + 25% fenugreek with 10 cm - row intercropping. It can be due to the highest of all forage yield components including stem, leaves and reproductive dry weight.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Biodiversity
  • Barley
  • Clover
  • ADF
  • Forage yield and NDF
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