نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسنده

استادیار، گروه زراعت، دانشکده کشاورزی، واحد بجنورد، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، بجنورد، ایران.

چکیده

با هدف مقایسه اثر کودهای نیتروژن و فسفرشیمیایی و بیولوژیک بر رقابت پنبه با علف‌های هرز این آزمایش به صورت کرت‌های خرد شده در قالب طرح بلوکهای کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار در دو سال 92-1391در بجنورد به انجام رسید. علف‌های هرز در دو سطح کنترل و عدم کنترل به عنوان عامل اصلی و پنج سطح تیمار کودی: 1- بدون مصرف کود (شاهد) 2- اوره +سوپر فسفات تریپل (به ترتیب 350 و 140 کیلوگرم در هکتار) 3- نیتروکسین+50% اوره+100 % سوپرفسفات تریپل 4-بارور2+50% سوپر فسفات تریپل+100 % اوره 5- نیتروکسین + بارور2+50% اوره+50% سوپرفسفات نیز به عنوان عامل فرعی در نظر گرفته شد. کنترل علف-های هرز در سال اول آزمایش موجب افزایش 34 درصدی شاخص سطح برگ و افزایش 22 درصدی تعداد غوزه پنبه شد و عملکرد در سال اول آزمایش به میزان 67 درصد و در سال دوم به میزان 50 درصد افزایش یافت.نوع کود مصرفی اثر معنی‌داری بر طول ساقه، سطح برگ، تعداد انشعابات زایشی، تعداد غوزه و عملکرد پنبه داشت. در شرایط تداخل علف‌های هرز کاربردکود شیمیایی به تنهایی به دلیل افزایش توان رقابتی علف‌های هرز موجب کاهش رشد و عملکرد پنبه شد در حالی که با کاهش مصرف اوره به میزان نصف و جایگزینی آن با نیتروکسین، عملکرد پنبه به سبب افزایش تعدادغوزه در بوته در مقایسه با تیمار مصرف کودهای شیمیایی حدود 61 درصد افزایش یافت.این نتیجه گویای آن است که مصرف کودهای بیولوژیک ضمن کاهش اثرمنفی کودهای شیمیایی به افزایش توان رقابتی گیاه زراعی و کاهش خسارت علف‌های هرز در زراعت منجر می‌شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

The assessment of weed competition effect on growth and yield of cotton with use chemical and biological fertilizers

نویسنده [English]

  • Majid Rahimizadeh

Assistant Professor, Agronomy Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Bojnourd Branch, Islamic Azad University, Bojnourd, Iran.

چکیده [English]

A field experiment was conducted to evaluate and compare the effects of N and P chemical fertilizers with biological N and P fertilizers on competition between cotton and weeds with split plot arrangement in a randomized complete block design with three replications during the years 2014 and 2015. The main plots consisted of two levels of weed management practices including weed free and weedy check. Sub plots had five treatments included integrated application of biological and chemical fertilizers:1-Control (Without fertilizer) 2-Urea+Triplesuperphosphate (TSP) 3-Nitroxin+50% urea+100% TSP 4-100% urea+Barvar2 +50% TSP 5-Nitroxin+Barvar2+50% urea+50% TSP. In the first year, control of weeds increased LAI and number of boll per plant to 34 and 22 percent, respectively and cotton yield increased by 67 percent in the first year and 50 percent in the second year. Fertilizer treatments had a significant effect on stem length, LAI, number of sympodial branches and boll per plant, and yield of cotton. Under weed interference condition, use chemical fertilizers alone reduced cotton growth and yield due to increasing competitive ability of weeds. But reducing urea consumption by half and replace it with nitroxin, increased cotton yield by 61% compared to the chemical fertilizer treatment due to increasing number of boll per plant. This result indicates that the use of biological fertilizers reduce the negative effects of chemical fertilizers and increase crop competitiveness against weeds

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Agronomical control
  • competition
  • cotton
  • soil fertility
  • weed management
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