نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری رشته زراعت دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد دامغان، دامغان، ایران

2 استادیار، گروه کشاورزی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد دامغان، سمنان، ایران

3 دانشیار، گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه شاهد، تهران، ایران.

چکیده

به منظور بررسی اثرات تنش خشکی و محلول‌پاشی ترکیب نانو کلات آهن و اسید فولویک بر عملکرد دانه و ترکیب اسیدهای چرب روغن دانه دو رقم کنجد، آزمایشی به صورت اسپلیت‌پلات فاکتوریل در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار در سال 1395 در مزرعه تحقیقاتی دانشگاه شاهد اجرا شد. عامل اصلی آزمایش شامل، تنش خشکی در سه سطح آبیاری کامل (شاهد)، آبیاری تا 50 درصد دانه‌بندی و گلدهی، عوامل فرعی شامل محلول‌پاشی در چهار سطح با ترکیبات نانو کلات آهن و اسید فولویک در دو رقم دشتستان و هلیل بودند. نتایج نشان داد که تنش خشکی باعث کاهش عملکرد و همچنین میزان روغن دانه گردید. بیشترین عملکرد دانه در آبیاری کامل (3/2303 کیلوگرم در هکتار) و محلول‌پاشی با ترکیب نانو کلات آهن با اسید فولویک (4/2246 کیلوگرم در هکتار) مشاهده شد. رقم هلیل در مقایسه با رقم دشتستان، دارای بیشترین میانگین صفات تعداد کل کپسول (19/81)، تعداد دانه در بوته (1/4786)، وزن هزار دانه (21/3 گرم)، عملکرد دانه (7/2172 کیلوگرم در هکتار) و عملکرد بیولوژیک (6/13534 کیلوگرم در هکتار) بود. بیشترین عملکرد روغن و عملکرد پروتئین در آبیاری کامل و قطع آبیاری در 50 درصد دانه‌بندی مشاهده شد. قطع آبیاری در 50 درصد گلدهی و دانه‌بندی در مقایسه با تیمار شاهد بیشترین میزان اسیدهای چرب اولئیک و لینولئیک را داشت، ولی بیشترین میزان اسیدهای چرب پالمتیک و استارئیک در تیمار آبیاری کامل (86/10 و 73/10 درصد) به‌دست آمد. رقم هلیل دارای بالاترین میزان اسیدهای چرب غیراشباع و رقم دشتستان دارای بالاترین میزان اسیدهای چرب اشباع بود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of drought stress and foliar nutrition of iron nano-chelate and fulvic acid on grain yield and fatty acids composition in seed oil of two sesame cultivars

نویسندگان [English]

  • Niki Ayoubizadeh 1
  • Ghanbar Laei 2
  • Majid Amini dehaghi 3
  • jafar masoud sinaki 2
  • Shahram Rezvan Bidokhti 2

1 Ph.D Students of Agronomy, Islamic Azad University, Damghan Branch, Damghan, Iran

2 Assistant Professor, Agriculture Department, Islamic Azad University, Damghan Branch, Semnan, Iran

3 Associate Professor, Agronomy and Plant Breeding Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran

چکیده [English]

Evaluation the effect of drought stress and foliar nutrition of iron nano-chelate and fulvic acid on grain yield and fatty acids composition in seed oil of two sesame cultivars was conducted during a factorial split-plot experiment based on randomized complete block design with three replicates in 2017 in the Research Farm Shahed University of Tehran. The experimental factors included drought stress in three levels: full irrigation as control, irrigation up to 50% seed ripping, and flowering, as well as four treatments of foliar nutrition by iron nano-chelate and fulvic acid in Dashtestan and Halil cultivars. The results showed that the drought stress reduced grain yield and also, seed oil content. The highest grain yield was observed in full irrigation (2303.3 kg/ha) and the co-application of iron nano-chelate and fulvic acid (2246.4 kg/ha). Halil cultivar had the highest mean of the total number of capsules (81.19), number of seeds per plant (4786.1), 1000-grain weight (3.21 g), grain yield (2172.7 kg/ha), and biological yield (13534.6 kg/ha) in compared with Dashtestan. The highest oil and protein yield were observed in full irrigation and irrigation up to 50% seed ripping. Irrigation cut off at 50% flowering and seed ripping had the highest oleic and linoleic fatty acids compared to the control treatment, but the highest palmitic and stearic fatty acids were obtained in full irrigation treatment (10.86 and 10.73%, respectively). Halil and Dashtestan cultivars had the highest unsaturated and saturated fatty acids, respectively.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • 1000-grain weight
  • biological yield
  • capsule
  • fatty acids
  • protein
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