نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسنده

استادیار، بخش تحقیقات کشت گلخانه‌ای، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان تهران، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، ورامین، ایران.

چکیده

به منظور تعیین حد بحرانی غلظت نیتروژن برگ کلزا و مطالعه همبستگی عملکرد واجزای عملکرد این گیاه با غلظت نیتروژن برگ، طی پژوهشی در سال 1396 در مزارع کلزای پاییزه دشت ورامین، تعداد 35 مزرعه که از نظر مدیریتی یکسان بودند و در سری غالب خاک منطقه(سری ورامین) واقع شده بودند، انتخاب و نمونه برگ از این مزارع تهیه شد. در فصل برداشت نیز از تمامی مزارع مورد مطالعه سه کادر یک متر مربعی، نمونه تصادفی برداشت و میانگین عملکرد دانه تعیین گردید. سپس با استفاده از روش گرافیکی کیت و نلسون، غلظت بحرانی نیتروژن برگ کلزا برای عملکرد نسبی دانه 90 درصد، 3 درصد در وزن خشک برگ تعیین گردید. روابط همبستگی معنی داری بین محتوای نیتروژن برگ کلزا به عنوان متغیر مستقل(X) با سایر صفات از جمله عملکرد دانه و اجزای عملکرد به عنوان متغیر های وابسته(Y) در سطح 35 مزرعه مطالعه شده وجود داشت. نتایج مطالعات نشان داد که عملکرد دانه کلزا تحت تاثیر محتوای نیتروژن برگ است. محتوای نیتروژن برگ کلزا با عملکرد دانه، همبستگی معنی‌دار داشت. معادله رگرسیون این همبستگی از تابع درجه دوم با ضریب تبیین 97/0 پیروی می‌کرد. عملکرد نسبی دانه کلزا تنها تا غلظت 36/4 درصد نیتروژن برگ افزایش یافت و از آن به بعد، افزایش محتوای نیتروژن برگ، تاثیری بر افزایش عملکرد دانه نداشت.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Determination of critical nitrogen concentration of canola leaf and study of correlation between yield, yield components and chlorophyll index with leaf nitrogen concentration

نویسنده [English]

  • Mohsen Seilsepour

Assistant Professor, Greenhouse Cultivation Research Department, Tehran Agricultural and Natural Resources Research ansd Education Center, AREEO, Varamin, Iran

چکیده [English]

In order to determine the critical nitrogen concentration of canola leaf and studying the correlation of yield and yield components of this plant with leaf nitrogen concentration, 35 farms were managed in the same way of Varamin plain and in the dominant soil serie (Varamin), were selected during 2016. Leaf samples were pick up from these farms at flowering stage and were prepared for analysis. In harvest season, all 35 fields were harvested and the mean grain yield was determined. The critical nitrogen concentration in dry leaves was determined at 3% by using Kate and Nelson's graphical method, for 90% relative yield. There was a significant correlation between the content of canola leaf nitrogen as independent variable (X) with other traits, including grain yield and yield components as dependent variables (Y) at the 35 studied farms. The results of the studies showed that canola seed yield was affected by leaf nitrogen content. The content of nitrogen in canola leaves was significantly correlated with grain yield. This correlation was followed by a quadratic function with a coefficient of explanation of 0.97. Relative yield of canola seed increased only to 4.36% nitrogen concentration of leaves, and since then, the increase in leaf nitrogen did not affect grain yield.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Dependent variable
  • Independent variable
  • Pod number
  • Seed oil percentage
  • Seed weight
Aliehyaie, M. & Behbahani Zadeh, A.A. (1993). Description of methods for chemical analysis of soil.. Soil and Water Research Institute, Technical publication No. 893. Tehran. (in Persian)
Aliyary, H. & Shekari, F. (2004). Oil Seeds (Agriculture and Physiology). Tabriz Amidi Press, Tabriz. Iran. (in Persian)
Anonymous. (2000). Reference sufficiency ranges for plant analysis in the southern region of the United States, Southern Cooperative Series Bulletin #394, North Carolina Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services Agronomic Division. URL: www.ncagr.gov/agronomi/saaesd/scsb394.pdf
Diepenbrok, W. (2000). Yield analysis of winter oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.). Field Crops Research67(1), 35-49. DOI: 10.1016/S0378-4290(00)00082-4
Dow, A. I. & Roberts, S. (1982). Critical Nutrient Ranges for Crop Diagnosis. Agronomy Journal, 74(2), 401-403. doi:10.2134/agronj1982.00021962007400020033x
Elewa, T.A., Mekki, B.B., Bakry, B.A. & El-Kramany, M.F. (2014). Evaluation of some introduced canola (Brassica napus L.) varieties under different nitrogen fertilizer levels in newly reclaimed sandy soil. Middle-East Journal of Scientific Research21(5), 746-755. DOI: 10.5829/idosi.mejsr.2014.21.05.21577
Emami, A.S. (1996). Plant analysis methods. Soil and Water Research Institute, Technical publication No. 982. Tehran. (in Persian)
Esmaeilipoor, N., Naderi, A. & Lak, S. H. (2010). Evaluate the yield of rapeseed oil under different levels of nitrogen fertilizer and plant density. In: Proceeding of the National Conference on Water, Soil, Plant and Agricultural Mechanization, Islamic Azad University Dezful Branch, Dezful, Iran, pp. 351-352. (in Persian)
Fathi, G.H., Banisaiedi, A., Siadat S. A. & Ebrahimpoor, F. (2009). The effect of different levels of nitrogen and plant density on yield of canola varieties PF 7045 in Khuzestan weather conditions. Journal of Agriculture Sciences27(1), 38-43. (in Persian)
Jahanbin, A.S., Narouee, M.R., Moddarese Najafabadi, S. & Fanai, H. R . (2004). Effect of planting density on yield and yield components of canola cultivars. 8th Iranian Conference on agronomy and plant breeding. Gilan, Rasht. (in Persian)
 Karamanos, R.E., Goh, T.B. & Poisson, D.P. (2006). Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Sulfur fertility of hybrid Canola. Journal of Plant Nutrition, 28(7), 1145-1161. https://doi.org/10.1081/PLN-200063138
Kazemeini, S.A., Hamzehzarghani, H. & Edalat, M. (2010). The impact of nitrogen and organic matter on winter canola seed yield & yield components. Australian Journal of Crop Science, 4(5), 335-342.
Khorshidi, M. G., Moradpoor, S., Ranji, A., Karimi, B. & Khorie, M. M. A. (2014). Effect of different levels of nitrogen fertilizer and plant density on yield and yield components of canola. Scientific Journal of Crop Science3(10), 109-114. DOI: 10.14196/sjcs.v3i10.1719
Laaniste, P., Joudu, J. & Eremeev, V. (2004). Oil content of spring oilseed rape seeds according to fertilization. Agronomy Research2(1), 83-86.
Mahmoudi, M., Behniyar, M., Soorzadeh. H. & Farhadi, G. (2005). Effect of nitrogen on yield and some quality characteristics of rapeseed cultivars in east mazandaran.In: Proceeding of 9th Soil Science Congress of Iran, Tehran, Iran, pp. 223-225. (in Persian)
Malakouti, M.J. & Gheibi, N.A. (1999). Determination of the critical level of nutrients effective in soil, Plant and fruit in order to increase the quantitative and qualitative yield of the country's strategic products. Second print , with revision, publication of agricultural  organization of research, education and extention. Karaj, Iran. (in Persian)
Malakouti, M. J., Keshavarz, P. & Karimian, N. J. (2008). Comprehensive method for diagnosis and optimal fertilizer recommendation for agriculture. Tarbiat Modares University Press, Tehran. Iran. (in Persian)
Moraditalavat, M. R., Siadat, S. A., Naderan. J. & Fathi, G.A. (2007a). Response to different nitrogen levels on growth and yield of rapeseed in Ahwaz. In: Proceeding of the 10th Soil Science Congress of Iran, Karaj, Iran, pp.466-467. (in Persian)
Moraditalavat, M. R., Siadat, S. A., Nadian, H. & Fathi, GH. (2007b). Response of canola grain and oil yield, oil and protein contents to different levels of nitrogen and boron fertilizers in Ahwaz region. Iranian Journal of Crop Sciences, 9(3), 213-224. (in Persian)
Ngezimana, W. & Agenbag, G.A. (2013). Effects of nitrogen (N) and sulfur (S) on canola (Brassica napus L.) vegetative and reproductive growth under controlled conditions. African Journal of Agricultural Research8(39), 4887-4894.
Nouriani, H. (2015). Effect of different nitrogen levels on yield, yield components and some qualitative characteristics of two canola (Brassica napus L.)  cultivars. Journal of Production and Processing of Agricultural and Horticultural Products5(16), 232-240. (in Persian)
Ozturk, O. (2010). Effects of source and rate of nitrogen fertilizer on yield, yield components and quality of winter rapeseed (Brassica napus L.). Chilean Journal of Agricultural Reserarch70(1), 132-141.
Rossate, L., Laine, P. & Qurry, A. (2001). Nitrogen storage and remobilization in Brassica napus L. during in growth cycle: nitrogen fluxes within the plant and changes in soluble protein patterns. Journal of Plant Cell Environmental52(361), 1655-1663. https://doi.org/10.1093/jexbot/52.361.1655
Taylor, A. J., Smith, C. J. & Wilson, I. B. (2010). Effect of irrigation and nitrogen fertilizer on yield, oil content,nitrogen accumulation and water use of canola (Brassica napus L.). Fertilizer Research, 29(3), 249-260. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01052393
Zangani, A., Kashani, A., Fathi, G.H. & Meskarbashi, M. (2006). Effect of different nitrogen levels on yield and yield components of two cultivars of rapeseed quantity and quality in Ahwaz. Journal of Iranian Agriculture Sciences25(1), 39-45. (in Persian)