نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار پژوهش بخش تحقیقات خاک و آب، مرکز تحقیقات، آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی کرج، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، تهران، ایران.

2 استادیار پژوهش بخش تحقیقات خاک و آب، مرکز تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی خوزستان، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، اهواز، ایران.

3 استادیار پژوهش بخش تحقیقات خاک و آب، مرکز تحقیقات، آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی لرستان، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، خرم‌آباد، ایران.

چکیده

به منظور بررسی تأثیر رژیم آبیاری و کودهای زیستی بر عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد در کشت گندم، آزمایشی به صورت کرت‌های یک بار خرد شده در قالب طرح آماری بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار در سال زراعی 1393-1392 در ایستگاه تحقیقات کشاورزی سراب چنگایی خرم‎آباد اجرا گردید. عامل اصلی شامل آبیاری در دو سطح 75 و 150 میلی‌متر تبخیر از تشت کلاس A و عامل فرعی، کود زیستی در چهار سطح شامل ازتوباکتر، مایکوریزا، ازتوباکتر+ مایکوریزا و شاهد (بدون استفاده از کود زیستی) بودند. نتایج نشان داد اثر آبیاری و کود و همچنین اثر متقابل کود و آبیاری بر صفات اندازه گیری شده معنی دار است. تیمار 75 میلی‌متر تبخیر از تشت کلاس A در تمام صفات برتری معنی داری نسبت به تیمار 150 میلی‌متر تبخیر از تشت کلاس A داشت. در تیمار 75 میلی‎متر تبخیر صفت طول سنبله 7 درصد ، وزن سنبله 7/7 درصد، تعداد دانه در سنبله 7/6 درصد، وزن هزار دانه 3/7 درصد، عملکرد دانه 1/7 درصد، عملکرد بیولوژیک 4/7 درصد نسبت به تیمار 150 میلی‎متر تبخیر افزایش نشان داد. کود ازتوباکتر +مایکوریزا در بین تیمارهای کودی تیمار برتر بود. به طوری که در این تیمار نسبت به تیمار شاهد صفت طول سنبله 6/28 درصد، وزن سنبله 3/48 درصد، تعداد دانه در سنبله 9/56 درصد، وزن هزار دانه8/39 درصد، عملکرد دانه 4/54 درصد، عملکرد بیولوژیک 3/51 درصد و کارایی مصرف آب 7/55 درصد افزایش نشان داد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Study the effects of irrigation regime and biofertilizers on yield and yield component of wheat

نویسندگان [English]

  • shahram omidvari 1
  • Nader Salamati 2
  • Samad Abdi 3

1 Assisstant professor of Soil and Water Research Department,Karaj Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, AREEO, Tehran, Iran.

2 Assistant Professor, Soil and Water Research Department, Khouzestan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center. Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Ahvaz, Iran.

3 Assistant Professor, Soil and Water Research Department, Lorestan Agricultural Education and Natural Resources. Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Khoramabad, Iran.

چکیده [English]

In order to investigate the effect of irrigation regime and biofertilizers on yield and yield components of irrigated wheat, an experiment was conducted in a split-plot layout based on randomized complete block design with three replications at Sarab Changai research station, Khoramabad, during 2014-2015 crop year. Irrigation intervals were in two levels including 75 and 150 mm evaporation from A class evaporation pan were allocated to main plots and biological fertilizers were in four levels including Azotobacter, Micorhiza, Azotobacter + Micorhiza and blank (No fertilizer use) were allocated to sub plots. The results showed that the effect of Irrigation intervals, biological fertilizer and their interaction effects on determined characteristics are significant. 75 mm evaporation from A class evaporation pan was superior than the 150 mm evaporation in all traits. In 75 mm evaporation spike length (7%), spike weight (7.7%), grain number in spike(6.7%), Weight of one thousand grains (7.3%), grain yield(7.1%), biological yield(7.4%) were higher than 150 mm evaporation. Azotobacter + Micorhiza fertilizer treatment was superior to other fertilizer treatments. So that In this treatment the spike length was 28.6%, spike weight 48.3%, number of seeds per spike 56.9%, 1000 grain weight 39.8%, grain yield 54.4%, biological yield 51.3% and water use efficiency 55.7% were increased than blank.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Biological yield
  • Biologic fertilizer
  • Evaporation
  • Water use efficiency
  • Yield increase
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