نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشیار، گروه زراعت، دانشکده علوم زراعی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری، ساری، ایران

2 استادیار، گروه باغبانی، دانشکده علوم زراعی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری، ساری، ایران

3 دانشجوی دکتری، گروه زراعت، دانشکده علوم زراعی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری، ساری،

4 دانشجوی دکتری، گروه زراعت، دانشکده علوم زراعی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری، ساری، ایران

چکیده

به منظور بررسی اثر بیوچار و کود زیستی بر رنگیزه‌های فتوسنتزی، عملکرد و عناصر غذایی گیاه نعناع فلفلی با نام علمی Mentha piperita L.، آزمایشی به صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی در مزرعه پژوهشی دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری با سه تکرار در سال 1396 انجام شد. تیمارها شامل بیوچار در دو سطح (0 و 10 تن در هکتار) و کود آلی و زیستی در پنج سطح (عدم مصرف کود (F0)، ورمی‌کمپوست (10 تن در هکتار) (F1)، سودوموناس (Pseudomonas fluorescens) (F2)، ازتوباکتر (Azotobacter chroococcum) (F3)، میکوریزا )سویه‌های Glomus mosseae، G. intradicces و (G. etunicatum (F4) بود. نتایج حاصل از این تحقیق نشان داد که اثر اصلی بیوچار و کود زیستی بر برخی صقات تاثیر معنی‌داری داشت، به گونه‌ای که اعمال بیوچار و همچنین تیمار میکوریزا به‌ترتیب موجب افزایش میانگین در وزن تر برگ (73/294 و 8/306 گرم در متر مربع)، وزن تر ساقه (73/366 و 15/361 گرم در متر مربع) و وزن تر کل (46/661 و 95/667 گرم در متر مربع) گردید. برهمکنش تیمارهای آزمایش تاثیر معنی‌داری بر وزن خشک برگ، ساقه و وزن خشک کل بر جای گذاشت. بالاترین میزان در این صفات در تیمار بیوچار به همراه میکوریزا مشاهده شد، که با تیمار تلفیق ورمی‌کمپوست + بیوچار در یک گروه آماری قرار گرفت. بنابراین با توجه به ضرورت تولید گیاهان دارویی در نظام‌های زراعی کم‌نهاده، حفظ محیط‌زیست و نیل به اهداف کشاورزی پایدار تلفیق تیمار بیوچار + میکوریزا و همچنین بیوچار + ورمی‌کمپوست جهت بهبود رشد و فتوسنتز گیاه نعناع فلفلی توصیه می‌شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of biochar and biofertilizers on photosynthetic pigments, yield and nutrients content of peppermint (Mentha piperita L.)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Faezeh Zaefarian 1
  • Vahid Akbarpour 2
  • Maryam Habibi 3
  • Mohammad Kaveh 4

1 Associate Professor, Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Crop Sciences, Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University, Sari, Iran

2 Assistant Professor, Department of Horticultural Sciences, Faculty of Crop Sciences, Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University, Sari, Iran.

3 Ph.D. Student , Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Crop Sciences, Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University, Sari, Iran

4 Ph.D. Student , Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Crop Sciences, Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University, Sari, Iran

چکیده [English]

In order to investigate the effect of biochar and biological fertilizer on photosynthetic pigments, yield and nutrient content of peppermint (Mentha piperita L.), an experiment was conducted as factorial based on a randomized complete block design in three replications at Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University in 2017. Treatment consisted biochar on two level (0 and 10 ton ha-1) and organic and biological fertilizers on five level (no fertilizer (F0), vermicompost (10 ton ha-1) (F1), Pseudomonas fluorescens (F2), Azotobacter (F3) and Arbuscular mycorrhizal (Glomus mosseae, G. intradicces and G. etunicatum) (F4)). The results of this study showed that the main effect of biochar and bio-fertilizer had a significant effect on leaf, stem and total fresh weight of the plant. In addition, the use of biochar and also mycorrhiza treatment increased average of leaf fresh weight (294.73 and 306.8 g.m-2), stem fresh weight (366.73 and 361.15 g.m-2) and total fresh weight (661.46 and 667.95 g.m-2). The interaction effect of treatments had a significant effect on leaf, stem and total dry weight. The highest rate of these traits was observed in biochar treatment with mycorrhiza, which had no significant effect with by a combination of vermicompost + biochar. Therefore, with respect to the production of medicinal plants in the low-input cropping systems, environmental protection, and achievement of sustainable agricultural to improve plant growth and photosynthesis of peppermint application of biochar + mycorrhiz and biochar + vermicompost treatment is recommended.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Biomass
  • Chlorophyll
  • Mycorrhiza
  • Peppermint
  • vermicompost
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