نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار، گروه تولیدات گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه گنبد کاووس، گنبد کاووس، ایران

2 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد، گروه تولیدات گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه گنبد کاووس، گنبد کاووس، ایران

3 دانشیار، گروه مرتع و آبخیزداری، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه گنبد کاووس، گنبد کاووس، ایران

چکیده

به‌منظور بررسی اثر رقم و الگوی کاشت بر عملکرد و پروتئین دانه نخودفرنگی، وزن کل دو گیاه و نسبت برابری زمین، آزمایشی به‌صورت فاکتوریل (دو عاملی) در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار در مزرعه تحقیقاتی دانشگاه گنبدکاووس در سال زراعی 96-1395 اجرا گردید. عامل اول رقم نخودفرنگی (شامل ارقام پفکی و شمشیری) و عامل دوم الگوی کاشت (در 9 سطح شامل کشت خالص هر یک، کشت مخلوط جایگزینی نخودفرنگی و اسفناج به‌ترتیب با نسبت‌های 2:1، 1:1 و 2:1 و کشت مخلوط افزایشی 33، 50، 67 و 100 درصد اسفناج به نخودفرنگی) بود. تأثیر رقم و الگوی کاشت بر اکثر صفات معنی‎دار شد. طول بوته، وزن 100 دانه، وزن غلاف، عملکرد غلاف در بوته، وزن تر بوته نخودفرنگی و وزن کل در رقم پفکی بیش از رقم شمشیری بود، اما تعداد غلاف در بوته و شاخص برداشت آن کمتر بود. تعداد غلاف در بوته، وزن غلاف، عملکرد غلاف در بوته، وزن 100 دانه، شاخص برداشت و وزن تر بوته در تیمارهای کشت خالص نخودفرنگی و کشت مخلوط جایگزین بیش از تیمارهای کشت مخلوط افزایشی بود. افزایش درصد اسفناج در تیمارهای افزایشی باعث کاهش صفات نخود فرنگی شد، اما عملکرد کل افزایش یافت. براساس نتایج، عملکرد رقم پفکی 81/11 درصد بیش از رقم شمشیری بود و بیش‌ترین وزن کل دو گیاه با 1/30 تن در هکتار از تیمار کشت مخلوط افزایشی 100 درصد نخودفرنگی + 100 درصد اسفناج به‌دست آمد. در کلیه تیمارهای کشت مخلوط نسبت برایری زمین بیش از یک بود که حاکی از برتری کشت مخلوط بود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

The investigation of yield and seed protein of pea cultivars, total yield and LER in intercropping with spinach

نویسندگان [English]

  • Ali Nakhzari Moghaddam 1
  • Mojtaba Salehi Sheikhi 2
  • ali Rahemi karizaki 1
  • Majid Mohamad Eamaeili 3

1 Assistant Professor, Department of Plant Production, Faculty of Agricultural and Natural Resources, Gonbad Kavous University, Gonbad Kavous, Iran

2 M.Sc. Student, Department of Plant Production, Faculty of Agricultural and Natural Resources, Gonbad Kavous University, Gonbad Kavous, Iran

3 Associate Professor, Department of Rangeland and Watershed, Faculty of Agricultural and Natural Resources, Gonbad Kavous University, Gonbad Kavous, Iran

چکیده [English]

In order to investigate the effect of pea cultivars and planting pattern on yield and seed protein of pea, total yield and LER, a factorial experiment (two factors) was conducted in a randomized complete block design with three replications in research farm of Gonbad Kavous University during 2016-2017. In this experiment, two cultivars of pea (Poffaki (Aspersion) and Shamshiri (Swordfish)) and a native variety of spinach were used. Nine planting pattern i.e. sole pea and spinach, replacement series of 33, 50 and 67% spinach instead of pea and additive series of 33, 50, 67 and 100% spinach to pea. Effect of pea cultivar and planting pattern were significant on most of traits. Plant length, 100-seed weight, pod weight, pod yield per plant, fresh weight of pea plant and pod yield in Poffaki was higher than Shamshiri but number of pod per plant and harvest index in Shamshiri was higher than Poffaki. Number of pod per plant, pod weight, pod yield per plant, 100-seed weight, harvest index, and fresh weight of pea in sole pea and replacement series was higher than additive series. Addition of spinach in additive series reduced traits of pea but total yield increased. According to the results, yield of Poffaki cultivar was 11.81% higher than Shamshiri and the highest total yield with 30.1 ton/ha obtained from additive series of 100% pea + 100% spinach. Land equivalent ratio (LER) was over than 1 in all intercropping treatments that indicates the superiority of intercropping.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Additive intercropping
  • harvest index
  • planting pattern
  • pod
  • replacement intercropping
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