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مقایسه صفات مورفولوژیک، عملکرد و فنولوژیک سه گونه قدومه برگه‏ دار، آراراتی و بیابانی در شرایط مزرعه‏ ای

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار، بخش تحقیقات منابع طبیعی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان اصفهان، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، اصفهان، ایران.

2 استاد، بخش تحقیقات مرتع، مؤسسه تحقیقات جنگل ها و مراتع، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، تهران، ایران

3 کارشناس ارشد پژوهشی، بخش تحقیقات منابع طبیعی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان اصفهان، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، اصفهان، ایران

چکیده

این مطالعه با هدف مقایسه صفات رشدی سه گونه قدومه برگه‏دار minus Alyssum ، قدومه آراراتی A. szwitsianum و قدومه بیابانی A. desertorum در قالب طرح بلوک‏های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار در مزرعه تحقیقاتی مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی اصفهان طی دو سال زراعی 1395 و 1396 انجام شد. صفات مورد بررسی عبارت از صفات عملکردی شامل عملکرد بیولوژیک، دانه، برگ، ساقه و ریشه؛ صفات مورفولوژیک شامل ارتفاع گیاه، قطر بوته، تاج پوشش و تعداد ساقه در بوته و صفات فنولوژیک شامل روز تا گلدهی، دانه‏دهی و رسیدگی‏دانه‏ بودند. بیشترین عملکرد بیولوژیک و عملکرد دانه در گونه برگه‏دار به‏ترتیب با مقادیر 1003 و 375 کیلوگرم در هکتار بدست آمد درحالی‏که کمترین مقادیر در گونه بیابانی و به‏ترتیب 559 و 207 کیلوگرم در هکتار بود. نتایج مربوط به صفات مورفولوژیک نشان‏داد که گونه برگه‏دار از نظر ارتفاع، تعداد ساقه، قطر بوته و میزان تاج پوشش نسبت به دو گونه دیگر از برتری قابل توجهی برخوردار بود. گونه‏های برگه‏دار و بیابانی با 101 و 95 روز تا رسیدگی‏دانه‏ به‏ترتیب دیررس‏ترین و زودرس‏ترین گونه بودند. بیشترین همبستگی صفت عملکرد دانه با سایر صفات به‏ترتیب متعلق به عملکرد بیولوژیک (90/0)، ارتفاع بوته (79/0)، تعداد ساقه (76/0) و تاج پوشش (75/0) بود. در مجموع نتایج بدست آمده از این مطالعه بیانگر آن بود که گونه برگه‏دار دارای پتانسیل بالاتری درتولید نسبت به دوگونه دیگر بود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Comparison of morphological, yield, and phenological characteristics of A. minus, A. szwitsianum and A. desertorum under field condition

نویسندگان [English]

  • Babak Bahreininejad 1
  • Ali Ashraf Jafari 2
  • Zahra Jaberalansar 3

1 Assistant Professor, Research Division of Natural Resources, Isfahan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, AREEO, Isfahan, Iran

2 Professor, Range Management Research Division, Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Iran

3 Expert Researcher, Research Division of Natural Resources, Isfahan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, AREEO, Isfahan, Iran

چکیده [English]

This study was carried out to compare growth characteristics of three species of Alyssum minus, A. szwitsianum and A. desertorum over two years, 2017 and 2018, in a randomized complete block design with three replication at Isfahan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center. Measured traits were yield characteristic including total dry weight, leaf, stem, root and seed dry weight; morphological characteristics including plant height, maximum and minimum plant diameter, plant cover and stem number; and phenolological characteristics including day to flowering, day to seeding and day to seed ripening. The highest biological and seed yield were achieved in A. minus, 1003 and 375 kg/ha respectively, while A. desertorum showed the lowest rates, 559 and 207 kg/ha respectively. Morphological traits analysis represented that A. minus had the highest rates of plant height, stem number, plant diameter and cover. A. minus and A. desertorum with 101 and 95 days to seed ripening were the longest and shortest lifelong species. The highest correlation rates between seed yield with other characteristics were including biological yield (0.90), plant height (0.79), stem number (0.76) and cover (0.75). On the whole, results of this study showed that A. minus showed the highest yield potential among the studied species.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Correlation
  • growth stage
  • medicinal plants
  • Seed yield
  • vegetative growth
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به زراعی کشاورزی
دوره 21، شماره 4
دی 1398
صفحه 423-434
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