نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسنده

دانشیار، گروه کشاورزی، واحد بیرجند، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، بیرجند، ایران

چکیده

به منظور بررسی تأثیر محلول‌پاشی متانول و اسید هیومیک بر صفات فیزیولوژیک، عملکرد و راندمان مصرف آب در گیاه دارویی کاسنی تحت شرایط تنش خشکی، آزمایشی به صورت اسپلیت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح بلوک‌های‌ کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار در مزرعه دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد بیرجند در سال 1394 انجام گرفت. آبیاری در سه سطح (آبیاری پس از 70، 140 و 210 میلی‌متر تبخیر تجمعی از تشتک تبخیر) به عنوان فاکتور اصلی و محلول‌پاشی با متانول در دو سطح (صفر و 21 درصد حجمی) و کاربرد اسید هیومیک با دو سطح (صفر و 10 لیتر در هکتار) به عنوان فاکتورهای فرعی بودند. صفات مورد مطالعه شامل عدد کلروفیل‌متر، هدایت روزنه‌ای، محتوای نسبی آب برگ، عملکردهای خشک ریشه، ساقه و برگ، عملکرد خشک کل، نسبت ریشه به ساقه و برگ، راندمان مصرف آب ریشه، ساقه و برگ و کل بودند. نتایج نشان داد که تنش کم‌آبی موجب کاهش تمامی صفات فیزیولوژیک و عملکردی (به‌جز نسبت ریشه به ساقه و برگ) و افزایش کارایی مصرف آب شد. محلول‌پاشی متانول تمامی صفات (به‌جز عملکرد و راندمان مصرف آب ریشه) را افزایش داد اما موجب کاهش نسبت ریشه به اندام‌های هوایی شد. مصرف هیومیک اسید موجب افزایش تمامی صفات (به‌جز نسبت ریشه به اندام‌های هوایی) شد. به طور کلی بر اساس نتایج این پژوهش و با در نظر گرفتن کارایی مصرف آب به نظر می‌رسد تیمار آبیاری پس از 140 میلی‌متر تبخیر از تشتک و محلول‌پاشی متانول وکاربرد هیومیک اسید می‌تواند برای دستیابی به عملکرد قابل قبول گیاه کاسنی در منطقه بیرجند مناسب باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

The Effect of Irrigation, Methanol and Humic Acid on Physiological Traits, Yield and Water Use Efficiency of Chicory

نویسنده [English]

  • Seyyed Gholamreza Moosavi

Associate Professor, Department of Agriculture, Birjand Branch, Islamic Azad University, Birjand, Iran

چکیده [English]

In order to study the effect of methanol and humic acid on physiological traits, yield and water use efficiency in plant of chicory under drought stress conditions, a split factorial experiment based on randomized complete block design with three replications in a field of Islamic Azad University, Birjand Branch in year of 2015. Irrigation at three levels (irrigation after 70, 140 and 210 mm cumulative evaporation from the evaporation pan) as the main factor and methanol spray at two levels (zero and 21 percentage volume) and humic acid with two levels (zero and 10 L ha-1 ) were as sub factors. The studied traits were chlorophyll meter, stomatal conductance, leaf relative water content, dry yields of root, stem and leaf dry, dry yield of total, root to stem and leaf ratio, water use efficiency of root, stem and leaf and total. The results showed that water deficit stress reduced all physiological and yield traits (except root to stem and leaf ratio) and increased water use efficiency. Application of methanol increased all of the traits (except yield and water use efficiency of root). Application of 10 L ha-1 humic acid increased all the traits (except for the ratio of root to air organs). In general, based on the results of this study, irrigation treatment after 140 mm evaporation from the pan and spraying methanol with 21 percentage volume and humic acid at 10 liters per hectare can be used to achieve yield acceptable for the Chicory plant in the Birjand region.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Chlorophyll index
  • Leaf relative humidity
  • Low irrigation
  • Root yield
  • Stomatal conductance
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