تأثیر عوامل بیولوژیک قارچی و باکتریایی بر بیماری قارچی مرگ گیاهچه فلفل

درویش نیا, مصطفی; موسویان, مسلم

doi:10.22059/jci.2019.272850.2140

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

¹ دانشیار، گروه گیاهپزشکی، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه لرستان، لرستان، ایران

² دانشجوی دکتری، گروه گیاهپزشکی، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه لرستان، لرستان، ایران

https://doi.org/10.22059/jci.2019.272850.2140

چکیده

این مطالعه به منظور دستیابی به آنتاگونیست‌های موثر در کنترل بیماری مرگ گیاهچه فلفل گلخانه‎ای با عامل Rhizoctonia solani انجام شد. آزمایشات در قالب طرح کاملا تصادفی در دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه لرستان در سال 97-1396 صورت گرفت. ابتدا قارچ‏ها و عوامل بیولوژیک از خاک گیاهان سولاناسه جداسازی و شناسایی شد. سپس با استفاده از روش کشت متقابـل توانایی آنتاگونیـستی جدایه‎های قارچی Trichoderma harzianum و Trichoderma virens و باکتری Bacillus subtilis علیه قارچ R. solani در آزمایشگاه بررسی شد. همچنین توانایی آنتاگونیـستی این عوامل بیولوژیکی و قارچ‎کش بیولوژیک Trichomix HV در شرایط گلخانه روی این قارچ بیماری‌زا انجام شد. نتایج نشان دادند، دو گونه T. harzianum و T. virens با کلونیزه کردن و اسپورزایی در محیط PDA، به ترتیب به میزان 45/9 و 59/15 درصد باعث جلوگیری از رشد قارچ بیمارگر شدند و باکتری آنتاگونیست باعث بروز اثراتی چون خارج شدن محتویات هیف‎ها، تغییر رنگ در نوک هیف، ظریف شدن و کاهش رشد میسلیوم تا 47/8 درصد شد. نتایج آزمایش در شرایط گلخانه نیز نشان داد، تیمارهای B. subtilis و T. harzianum بیشترین اثرات مثبت رشدی را روی صفات اندازه‎گیری از جمله طول و وزن (تر و خشک) ریشه و ساقه را داشتند و به ترتیب شدت بیماری‌زایی را تا 33/60 و 33/70 درصد کاهش دادند، از این رو بهترین عوامل آنتاگونیستی برای کنترل R. solani روی فلفل در این تحقیق بودند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of fungal and bacterial biological agents on seedling damping-off of fungus disease

نویسندگان [English]

Mostafa Darvishnia ¹
Moslem Moosavian ²

¹ Associate Professor, Department of Plant Protection, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Lorestan University, Lorestan, Iran

² Ph.D. Candidate, Department of Plant Protection, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Lorestan University, Lorestan, Iran

چکیده [English]

The current study been conducted to achieveto effective antagonists for diseases control of seedling damping-off greenhouse pepper, casead by Rhizoctonia solani. Experiments has conducted based on completely randomized design in the faculty of agriculture and natural resources of Lorestan University in 2016-17. First, the fungi and biological agents were isolated and identified of the rhizosphere of Solanaceae plants. The antagonistic ability of fungal and bacterial isolates, such as Trichoderma harzianum and Trichoderma virens fungi and Bacillus subtilis bacteria, against R. solani was studied by using dual culture method. As well as antagonistic ability of fungal and bacterial agents and Trichomix HV biological fungicide were study in a greenhouse condition. The results showed that both species of T. harzianum and T. virens the prevented growth of fungi 9.45 and 15.59 percent respectively by colonization and sporulation in PDA. Antagonistic bacterial also caused effects such as outpour of the contents of hyphae, color change at the tip of hyphae, thinning and reduction of mycelium up to 8.47 percent. Also, results in greenhouse condition showed that B. subtilis and T. harzianum treatments have the most positive effects on growth traits such as height and weight (wet and dry) of the root and stem and reduced the severity of the disease up to 60.33 and 70.33 respectively; therefore they are the best antagonistic agents to control R. solani on pepper.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

biological control
Trichoderma
Bacillus
Trichomix
Rhizoctonia

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به زراعی کشاورزی

تأثیر عوامل بیولوژیک قارچی و باکتریایی بر بیماری قارچی مرگ گیاهچه فلفل

مراجع

مراجع

دوره 21، شماره 3
مهر 1398
صفحه 289-301

تأثیر عوامل بیولوژیک قارچی و باکتریایی بر بیماری قارچی مرگ گیاهچه فلفل

مراجع

مراجع

دوره 21، شماره 3مهر 1398صفحه 289-301

دوره 21، شماره 3
مهر 1398
صفحه 289-301