Ali Ehsani pour; Hamid Abbasdokht; Manoochehr Gholipoor; Alireza Abdali Mashhadi
Abstract
In order to evaluate the water productivity, stem height and diameter, root dry weight, brix percentage of sugarcane, an experiment was conducted in a randomized complete block design with 14 treatments and four replications during 2016-17 at two locations in Ahwaz. The treatments were: sole sugarcane, ...
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In order to evaluate the water productivity, stem height and diameter, root dry weight, brix percentage of sugarcane, an experiment was conducted in a randomized complete block design with 14 treatments and four replications during 2016-17 at two locations in Ahwaz. The treatments were: sole sugarcane, sole soybean, sole cowpea, sole soybean+ rhizobium, sole cowpea+rhizobium, sole sugarcane+mycorrhizal, intercropping sugarcane with cowpea, intercropping sugarcane with soybean, intercropping sugarcane with cowpea+rhizobium, intercropping sugarcane with soybean + rhizobium, intercropping sugarcane+mycorrhizal and cowpea, intercropping sugarcane+mycorrhizal and soybean, intercropping sugarcane+mycorrhizal and soybean+rhizobium and intercropping sugarcane + mycorrhizal and cowpea +rhizobium. The results showed that the highest water productivity, the highest sugarcane stem height, the largest diameter in the middle of the stem and at the bottom of the stem, the highest dry weight roots and the highest brix percentage of sugarcane stem extract were related to intercropped sugarcane + mycorrhizal and cowpea+ rhizobium treatment. which was 31.61, 16.14, 32.42, 28.35, 8.89, and 8.31% higher than sole sugarcane. Mycorrhizal symbiosis was positive in sugarcane, and when mycorrhizal fungi and cowpea were present simultaneously in a treatment, their synergistic effect on the evaluated traits were positive.
Ahmad Raefizadeh; Mohammad Armin; Matin Jamaimoeini
Abstract
To determination of critical time of weed control in Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) (Khordad cultivar) in conventional and ultra-narrow row spacing conditions, a field experiment was arrange as a factorial arrangement in a randomized complete block design with three replications in Sabzevar in 2015. ...
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To determination of critical time of weed control in Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) (Khordad cultivar) in conventional and ultra-narrow row spacing conditions, a field experiment was arrange as a factorial arrangement in a randomized complete block design with three replications in Sabzevar in 2015. Factors were cultivation systems (conventional (70 Cm row spacing) and ultra narrow row (20 Cm row spacing) and duration of weed interference (0, 30, 45, 60, 7 days after emergence and weedy in full season. The results of the experiment showed that in ultra-narrow row condition, seed cotton yield losses of 2.5, 5 and 10 percent were estimated to occur on 27.4, 36.1 and 44.7 day after emergence, respectively and in conventional condition yield losses of 2.5, 5 and 10 percent were estimated to occur on 8.1, 13.5 and 24.4 day after emergence, respectively. The onset of seed cotton yield an lint yield loss was earlier (46.3 and 53.7 days after emergence, respectively) in conventional condition while in ultra-narrow row condition the onset of seed cotton yield and lint yield loss was postponed to 57.9 and 65.9 days after emergence, respectively, Overall, the results of the experiment showed that cultivation of cotton in ultra-narrow row spacing in weed interference conditions could provide a better seed cotton yield than conventional spacing.
Azimeh Bagheri; Ataalah Siadat; Ahmad Koochekzadeh; Mohammad Reza Moradi Telavat; Masoud Rafiee
Abstract
In order to investigate the physiological responses of chickpea cultivars to supplemental irrigation and super-absorbent polymer use, an experiment was conducted in 2015 using a split factorial experiment based on randomized complete block design in the research farm of Khorramabad Agricultural Research ...
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In order to investigate the physiological responses of chickpea cultivars to supplemental irrigation and super-absorbent polymer use, an experiment was conducted in 2015 using a split factorial experiment based on randomized complete block design in the research farm of Khorramabad Agricultural Research Center. Factors were supplemental irrigation times (without supplemental irrigation, irrigation in 50 percent of flowering and irrigation in 50 percent of seed filling) as main factor and cultivars (Arman, Azad and Greet) and super absorbent polymer (zero, 100 and 200 kg/ha) in the sub plots. The result showed that the supplemental irrigation and super absorbent polymer reduced soluble carbohydrates and seed protein and increased insoluble carbohydrates, chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b and total chlorophyll. Supplemental irrigation in 50 percent of flowering satge increased 74 percent of seed yield compared to dry land condition. The highest seed yield, biological yield and harvest index were obtained from Greet cultivar with supplemental irrigation at 50 percent of flowering stage and application of 200 kg/ha super absorbent polymer, with the averages 2179 kg/ha, 4012 kg/ha and 54.3 percent, respectively. The results showed that at all levels of supplemental irrigation, the use of superabsorbent polymer improves plant growth conditions and, consequently, significantly increased seed yield. This will increase further by increasing the consumption of super absorbent polymer within supplementary irrigation.
Esmaeil Gholinezhad; Ali Reza Eyvazi
Abstract
In order to investigate the effect of super absorbent polymer and manure fertilizer on water use efficiency of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars under different water deficit conditions, an experimental was carried out in a factorial layout based on randomized complete block design with three replications ...
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In order to investigate the effect of super absorbent polymer and manure fertilizer on water use efficiency of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars under different water deficit conditions, an experimental was carried out in a factorial layout based on randomized complete block design with three replications at the research field of West-Azerbaijan (Saatlo station) during 2017-2018 cropping seasons. The first factor was irrigation in two levels: normal and drought stress conditions. The second factor was super absorbent polymer 200 kg ha-1, manure fertilizer 40 ton ha-1, dual their application and control (non-application fertilizer) and the third factor included wheat cultivars (Mihan, Heidari and Zarineh). The results indicated that drought stress compared to normal irrigation reduced grain yield, chlorophyll index, harvest index and relative water content about 32, 22, 24 and 19 percent, respectively. The highest leaf temperature (33.10 °C) was obtained under drought stress and non-application fertilizer application and the lowest leaf temperature (21.99 °C) under favorable irrigation conditions and dual application of super absorbent polymer and manure fertilizer. The highest economical water use efficiency (1.34 kg m-3) and biological water use efficiency (4.10 kg m-3) were observed under drought stress conditions and dual application of super absorbent polymer and manure fertilizer. Mihan was superior cultivar for grain yield, harvest index and relative water content among cultivars under two different moisture conditions. The highest grain and biological yields were obtained under favorable irrigation conditions and dual application of super absorbent polymer and manure fertilizer.
Mostafa Darvishnia; Moslem Moosavian
Abstract
The current study been conducted to achieveto effective antagonists for diseases control of seedling damping-off greenhouse pepper, casead by Rhizoctonia solani. Experiments has conducted based on completely randomized design in the faculty of agriculture and natural resources of Lorestan University ...
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The current study been conducted to achieveto effective antagonists for diseases control of seedling damping-off greenhouse pepper, casead by Rhizoctonia solani. Experiments has conducted based on completely randomized design in the faculty of agriculture and natural resources of Lorestan University in 2016-17. First, the fungi and biological agents were isolated and identified of the rhizosphere of Solanaceae plants. The antagonistic ability of fungal and bacterial isolates, such as Trichoderma harzianum and Trichoderma virens fungi and Bacillus subtilis bacteria, against R. solani was studied by using dual culture method. As well as antagonistic ability of fungal and bacterial agents and Trichomix HV biological fungicide were study in a greenhouse condition. The results showed that both species of T. harzianum and T. virens the prevented growth of fungi 9.45 and 15.59 percent respectively by colonization and sporulation in PDA. Antagonistic bacterial also caused effects such as outpour of the contents of hyphae, color change at the tip of hyphae, thinning and reduction of mycelium up to 8.47 percent. Also, results in greenhouse condition showed that B. subtilis and T. harzianum treatments have the most positive effects on growth traits such as height and weight (wet and dry) of the root and stem and reduced the severity of the disease up to 60.33 and 70.33 respectively; therefore they are the best antagonistic agents to control R. solani on pepper.
Fatemeh Ahmadi; Ali Momenpour; Maryam Dehestani-Ardakani; Jalal Gholamnezhad
Abstract
To evaluate the effect of salinity stress on some of growth characteristics of selected pomegranate (Punica granatum) genotypes of regains with salinity water and soil, a factorial experiment was carried out based on completely randomized design (CRD), with two factors; genotypes in 4 levels (‘Vahshi ...
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To evaluate the effect of salinity stress on some of growth characteristics of selected pomegranate (Punica granatum) genotypes of regains with salinity water and soil, a factorial experiment was carried out based on completely randomized design (CRD), with two factors; genotypes in 4 levels (‘Vahshi Babolsar’, ‘Narak Lasjerd Semnan’, ‘Chah Afzal’ and ‘Voshik Torsh Saravan’ genotypes and irrigation water salinity in 5 levels (1, 3, 5, 7 and 9 dS/m respectively). The results showed that type of genotype and level of salinity affected morphological and physiological characteristics and concentration of leaves element nutrient. In all of the studied genotypes, with increasing of salinity concentration, growth characteristics including branch height, branch diameter, number of total leaves, green leaves percentage, aerial organs fresh and dry weight, relative humidity percentage, SPAD, contents of a, b and total chlorophylls reduced. But, necrotic leaves percentage, downfall leaves percentage, root fresh weight to aerial organs fresh weight ratio, relative ionic percentage, Na+ and cl- percentage and Na+ to K+ ratio increased. Overall, ‘Chah Afzal’ and ‘Voshik Torsh Saravan’ genotypes were recognized as the most tolerant and sensitive genotypes to salinity stress, in respectively. ‘Chah Afzal’ genotype could be tolerated salinity and 7 dS/m by maintaining its growth characteristics and increasing potassium uptake against sodium.
Khiermohammad Mohammadi; Ali Ebadi; Mohammad Ali Askari Sarchishmeh; Mohammad Reza fattahi Moghaddam; Hossein Hokmabadi
Abstract
Plants employ antioxidant mechanism to face different stresses. In this research work the effect of salinity stress, caused by increasing sodium chloride, on the antioxidative system and some physiological characteristics of selected pistachio seedlings (Badami-Riz-e- Zarand, Qazvini, Sarakhs, Atlantica ...
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Plants employ antioxidant mechanism to face different stresses. In this research work the effect of salinity stress, caused by increasing sodium chloride, on the antioxidative system and some physiological characteristics of selected pistachio seedlings (Badami-Riz-e- Zarand, Qazvini, Sarakhs, Atlantica UCB1, and Hybrids of Pistacia. vera cv. Badami-Riz-e-Zarand × P. Integerrima, P. vera cv. Sharakhs× P. Integerrima, P. atlantica Desf. × P. Integerrima ) was studied. A greenhouse experiment was conducted as a factorial based on a completely randomized design with three replications in Cocopit and Perlite media. Treatments consisted of four salinity levels (0, 75, 150 and 225 mM NaCl) and above mentioned Root stocks. Using salt in nutrient solution was carried out in the second year of seedling growth for nine weeks. At the end of experiment, some physiological and biochemical traits of seedlings were measured. Results showed that, leaf area and total chlorophyll contents decreased in all treated plants. Under the salinity stress, a higher reduction in the observed traits was noticed in the Atlantica rootstock while less effect on the Badami-Riz-e-Zarand was noticed. Also, it has been found that by increasing salinity levels the levels of proline, total phenol content and antioxidant enzymes activity were higher in Badami-Riz-e-Zarand × P. Integerrima, Badami-Riz-Zarand and Qazvini compared to others. It seems that Hybrid of Badami-Riz-e-Zarand × P. Integerrima, Badami-Riz-Zarand and Qazvini rootstocks had more ability to sustain leaf water and proteins and therefore, were more resistant to salinity stress.