Seyed Abdollah Hosseini Chamani; Mohammad Hossain Gharineh; Abdol Mehdi Bakhshandeh; Amin Lotfi jalal-abadi
Volume 21, Issue 2 , July 2019, Pages 119-130
Abstract
In order to evaluate the effects of irrigation intervals, mycorrhizal fungi and zeolite fertilizer on some Mung bean traits, a factorial splitting experiment was conducted in a randomized complete block design with four replications in the Izeh region in July 2015-1016. The main factor included irrigation ...
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In order to evaluate the effects of irrigation intervals, mycorrhizal fungi and zeolite fertilizer on some Mung bean traits, a factorial splitting experiment was conducted in a randomized complete block design with four replications in the Izeh region in July 2015-1016. The main factor included irrigation interval at three levels (7, 10 and 13 days) and various factors were Mycorrhiza inoculated (inoculated and non-inoculated) and zeolite (without consumption and 2 tons per hectare) as a factorial.The results of analysis of variance showed that only interaction effect of irrigation, mycorrhiza and zeolite on stem weight, number of seeds per pod and water use efficiency were significant. The highest grain yield was observed in irrigation intervals of seven days under inoculation and non-inoculation with fungus, as well as irrigation intervals of 10 days in inoculated mycorrhizal fungus. The use of zeolite in irrigation intervals of 10 and 13 days increased the most of traits. The results of water use efficiency showed that use of Mycorrhiza fungus and zeolite fertilizer increased water use efficiency. So that, by increasing the irrigation interval from 7 days to 10 days, using mycorrhiza and zeolite can prevent decreasing of water use efficiency. According to the results of this study, using mycorrhiza fungi and zeolite fertilizer can increase the irrigation interval of mung bean from seven to 10 days in the studied area.
Mohammad Hasan Vafaei; mahdi parsa; ahmad Nezami; Ali Ganjeali; Alireza Noroozi sharaf
Abstract
Lentil (Lens culinaris Medik) enjoys the second largest cultivation area among all planted pulses in Khorasan Razavi Province. In order to investigate the effect of drought stress on yield and yield components of selected lentil drought-tolerant genotypes, a split-plots experiment has been carried out ...
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Lentil (Lens culinaris Medik) enjoys the second largest cultivation area among all planted pulses in Khorasan Razavi Province. In order to investigate the effect of drought stress on yield and yield components of selected lentil drought-tolerant genotypes, a split-plots experiment has been carried out with three replications at research field of Ferdowsi University, Mashhad, Khorasan Razavi Province, during 2012-13. The main factor is the two irrigation levels: Non-drought stress and drought stress (providing 100% and 40% of water requirement), while the sub-factor includes nine genotypes. Results show that under non-stress conditions, the number of seed per pod, number of pods per square meter, harvest index, seed yield, and biological yield in MLC356 genotype have been significantly higher than other genotypes. However, under drought stress, the last two traits show a severe reduction. Under stress conditions, the highest and lowest levels of both maximum quantum efficiency of photosystem II and economic water use efficiency belong to Cabralinta and MLC121 genotypes, respectively. Also, it is determined that the number of fertilized pods per plant and 1000 seed weight have been the most important traits to affect lentil yield.
Zohre Ansar; Mehdi Baradaran Firouzabadi; Serolah Galeshi; Ahmad Gholami; Mahdieh Parsaian
Abstract
This research was carried out to investigate the effect of spraying of Origanum vulgare and Zatria mutifora essence on quantitative and qualitative characteristics of sesame (Naz cultivar) under drought stress conditions. This experiment was conducted as split plot factorial in two years as a randomized ...
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This research was carried out to investigate the effect of spraying of Origanum vulgare and Zatria mutifora essence on quantitative and qualitative characteristics of sesame (Naz cultivar) under drought stress conditions. This experiment was conducted as split plot factorial in two years as a randomized complete block design with three replications. Treatments included two different irrigation regimes (every 15 days) and drought stress (every 25 days), three levels of Origanum vulgare include 0, 40 and 60% and 3 levels of Zatria mutifora include 0, 10 and 20%. Results indicated that drought stress significantly reduced the measured indices compared to control conditions. The results also showed that water stress reduced oil content and increased protein content and activity of catalase, ascorbate peroxidase and superoxide dismutase enzymes. It was found that the most measured indices in both control and stress conditions were associated with 60% Origanum vulgare 20% Zatria mutifora essence. The use of Origanum vulgare and Zatria mutifora essence, under suitable irrigation conditions, increased the seed yield of 27.5% compared to control, whereas it increased 58% under stress conditions. Therefore, it can be stated that under dry conditions, the use of Origanum vulgare Zatria mutifora essence can induce tolerance in the plant in response to drought conditions. Since less cost is needed compared to other methods, therefore, in areas with low water conditions, it is recommended to use the Origanum vulgare and Zatria mutifora essence.
Morteza Gorzin; Farshid Ghaderi-Far; Seyed Esmaeil Razavi
Abstract
In order to investigate effects of different fungicide spraying treatments on soybean seed quality, a split plot experiment was conducted in a randomized complete block design with three replications in research field of Gorgan University of Agricultural Science and Natural Resources in 2016. Two spring ...
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In order to investigate effects of different fungicide spraying treatments on soybean seed quality, a split plot experiment was conducted in a randomized complete block design with three replications in research field of Gorgan University of Agricultural Science and Natural Resources in 2016. Two spring (May 28) and summer (July 10) planting dates performed at main plots and fungicides spraying including benomyl, mancozeb, propiconazole, methyl thiophanate, carbendazim and control in two stages R3 and R6 were done in sub plots. Germination, accelerated aging, electrical conductivity, and seed health tests were used to evaluate the quality of seeds. Two fungi Alternaria sp. and Fusarium sp. spread were observed in seed lots, but lower prevalence for Fusarium sp.. Therefore, seed health was most affected by Alternaria sp.. The percentage of healthy seeds in spring sowing date was 21.48% higher than summer sowing date. All used fungicides (especially propiconazole and methyl thiophanate) significantly increased the health, germination, and vigor of seeds compared to control. The produced seeds in summer planting despite of more fungal infection, had higher seed germination and vigor than seeds of spring crops, because of exposing the seed development stages (R5-R8) to low temperatures. In the fact that, air temperature during seed development stages was more important in determining seed germination and vigor compared to pathogens. Therefore, in order to achieve high seed quality, it is appropriate to use summer planting with the utility of suitable fungicides such as propiconazole and methyl thiophanate at R3 and R6 growth stages.
Shiva Akbari; Iraj Allahdadi; Majid Ghorbani Javid; kourosh Kabiri; Elias Soltani
Abstract
In order to study the effect of slow release hydrogel-urea complex (SRHUC) on yield, yield components and physiological traits of barley under water deficit, an experiment was performed in 2017-2018 and conducted as factorial in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) in three replications in greenhouse ...
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In order to study the effect of slow release hydrogel-urea complex (SRHUC) on yield, yield components and physiological traits of barley under water deficit, an experiment was performed in 2017-2018 and conducted as factorial in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) in three replications in greenhouse of Aburaihan campus of University of Tehran. The combination of factorial levels were as fertilization factor containing nitrogen (N) from urea source in five levels of no use of N, equivalent 125 and 65 kg.ha-1 N (without SRHUC) as CU-N125 and CU-N65 and equivalent 125 and 65 kg.ha-1 N with SRHUC as SRHUC-N125 and SRHUC-N65 and water deficit in three levels of 70, 50 and 30% of FC. Water deficit decreased yield and yield components, RWC and SPAD. The highest grain yield in a pot belonged to SRHUC-N125 (41.9 g) and there was no significant difference between CU-N125 (41.5 g) and SRHUC-N65 (39.1 g). For most of the traits, there was no significant difference between SRHUC-N125 and SRHUC-N65 and CU-N125. Under stress, utilization of SRHUC for both N amount could generate a better biological yield and SPAD index. Using N in the form of SRHUC was preferred to using of N without SRHUC, especially under stressed conditions.
Peyman Mohammadzadeh Toutounchi; Alireza Pirzad; Jalal Jalilian
Abstract
In order to investigate the effect of biological and organic fertilizers on the yield (quality and quantity) of chicory forage under rainfed condition, a factorial experiment was conducted at Urmia University based on randomized complete block design with three replications in 2016. Treatments included ...
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In order to investigate the effect of biological and organic fertilizers on the yield (quality and quantity) of chicory forage under rainfed condition, a factorial experiment was conducted at Urmia University based on randomized complete block design with three replications in 2016. Treatments included control, Mycorrhiza (AMF), Thiobacillus bacteria (Thio), AMF+Thio, Vermicompost (V), AMF+V, Thio+V and AMF+Thio+V that their effects were evaluated in two growth stages (before stem elongation and full flowering). In comparison with control, the AMF+Thio+V increased dry forage yield, dry matter digestibility, crude protein yield and water soluble carbohydrates yield 99.72%, 143.21%, 68.54% and 76% in full flowering stage, respectively, and this treatment had lowest acid detergent fiber content at both growth stages among all treatments. In general, the use of Mycorrhiza and Thiobacillus together with vermicompost, improved the quantitative and qualitative performance of chicory forage in rainfed condition.
Vahid Mohammadi; Ali Mokhtasi Bidgoli; Hassan Fazaeli
Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine the effect of harvest interval (re-growth) on quantitative and qualitative traits of Jerusalem artichoke as a promising forage plant. For this purpose, an experiment was conducted at a Research farm of Animal Science Research Institute, Karaj, Iran in 2015 and 2016. ...
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The aim of this study was to determine the effect of harvest interval (re-growth) on quantitative and qualitative traits of Jerusalem artichoke as a promising forage plant. For this purpose, an experiment was conducted at a Research farm of Animal Science Research Institute, Karaj, Iran in 2015 and 2016. The experiment was based on randomized complete block design with three replications and two observations. The treatments consisted of different times of harvesting forage intervals in each two, three and four months in the first year and each one, two, three, and four months after emergence or regrowth in the second year. Replant was not done in the second year. The highest dry weight of leaf, stem and total forage was obtained with harvest interval in each two months. The highest crop growth rate, relative growth rate and biomass duration and the highest growth rate, relative growth rate and biomass duration were observed in cut intervals of three, four and two months, respectively. In the second year, the highest amount of crude protein of total forage were observed in the cut intervals of one month. The highest amount of ADF of total forage was observed for cut intervals of four months. Generally, the best time for harvesting of forage can be taken each two months due to high yield forage (2056 g/m2), leaf to stem ratio of 0.53, crude protein of 12.50 percent, water-soluble carbohydrates of 3.89 percent, ADF of 32.98 percent and NDF of 46.05 percent of the Jerusalem artichoke.
Shilan Aslani; Taher Barzegar; Jaefar Nikbakht
Abstract
In order to study the effect of water deficit stress and foliar spray of humic acid (HA) on physiological and yield traits of tomato, an experiment was carried out in a split plot based on randomized complete block design with three replications at the research filed of University of Zanjan, in 2016. ...
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In order to study the effect of water deficit stress and foliar spray of humic acid (HA) on physiological and yield traits of tomato, an experiment was carried out in a split plot based on randomized complete block design with three replications at the research filed of University of Zanjan, in 2016. Treatments consisted arrangement of three irrigation levels (starting irrigation at 100, 80 and 60 percent ETc) and 4 levels of HA (0, 100, 200 and 300 mg.l-1). The results showed that deficit irrigation significantly decreased stomatal conductance, membrane stability index, leaf relative water chlorophyll a and b content and plant yield, and increased the proline content and proxidase activity. Treatment of HA enhanced proxidase activity, leaf relative water content, proline, chlorophyll, membrane stability index and plant yield under normal and deficit irrigation, and decreased stomatal conductance. The highest peroxidase activity (1.207 uints.g-1FW.Min-1) and proline content (11.5 mg.gFW-1) was obtained with treatment of HA 200 mg L-1 under irrigation 60 percent ETc. Also, maximum leaf relative water content (78.6 percent) and membrane stability index (70.01 percent) was achieved in HA 300 and 200 mg L-1, respectively under irrigation 100 percent ETc. The maximum plant yield was obtained with application of HA 200 mg L-1 under irrigation 100 %ETc. According to the results, application of HA 200 mg L-1 can be proposed to improve physiological traits and increase fruit yield.