Ali Asghar Ghaderi; Barat Ali Fakheri; Nafiseh Mahdi Nezhad
Abstract
In order to investigate the effects of foliar application of ascorbic acid on the growth indexes and physiological traitsof thyme under drought stress, an experiment was conducted in the split plots based on randomized complete block design with three replications at the Research Farm, Faculty of Agriculture ...
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In order to investigate the effects of foliar application of ascorbic acid on the growth indexes and physiological traitsof thyme under drought stress, an experiment was conducted in the split plots based on randomized complete block design with three replications at the Research Farm, Faculty of Agriculture University of Zabol, Iran. The main factor was drought stress and applied based on the irrigation at 75, 55 and 35% FC and the subplot was foliar application with three levels including distilled water (control), 10 mM and 20 mM ascorbic acid. Main effects of drought stress and foliar application of ascorbic acid were significant (P≤0.01) for all studied traits. The interaction of water stress and foliar application of ascorbic acid was significant only for proline. Applying severe stress compared with control was decreased the total chlorophyll, carotenoid, root and shoot dry weight (29.0, 39.9, 50.5 and 43.0%, respectively), while the leaf proline and the root length were increased (44.2 and 26.6%, respectively). The foliar application of ascorbic acid (20 mM) significantly increased the amounts of photosynthetic pigments, shoot length, root and shoot weight. Simple correlation coefficients of the traits showed a significant and positive relationship between shoot dry weight and other traits, in drought stress and 20 mM foliar application of ascorbic acid conditions. Factor analysis was identified four factors for normal and four factors for severe stress conditions that at overall were explained 98 and 95% of total variation, respectively. In general, it was concluded that photosynthetic pigments and root-related traits would be the important yield related criteria (shoot dry weight), that can be beneficial in the development of thyme with higher performance under stress conditions.
Fatemeh Rashidi; Nadali Bagheri; NadAli Babaiean Jelodar; Ali Dehestani Kolagar
Abstract
Objective: considering the importance of early maturityin canola, this research was carried out in order to identify important agronomic traits related to seed yield and to early with high-yielding cultivars in Brassica genus.
Methods: The genetic materials examined in this research included 100 genotypes ...
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Objective: considering the importance of early maturityin canola, this research was carried out in order to identify important agronomic traits related to seed yield and to early with high-yielding cultivars in Brassica genus.
Methods: The genetic materials examined in this research included 100 genotypes of six species of Brassica genus (B. napus, B. juncea, B. nigra, B. rapa, B. carinata and B. oleracea) were planted in two repetitions in the form of a lattice square design in the research fields of University of Agricultural Sciences and Resources Natural Sari.
Results: The results of variance analysis showed that the studied genotypes have very significant differences with each other in terms of all agricultural traits. The results of mean comparison showed that genotypes from B. napus species has the highest yield and genotypes from B. rapa species has the shortest days to ripening with the lowest yield. The analysis of genetic correlations for all species revealed that yield of seed had a significant positive correlation with days to ripening, silique number per plant, thousand grian weight and grian number in silique. Results of stepwise regression analysis revealed that silique number per plant, 1000-grain weight, number of silique per plant and days to maturity had significantly effects on grain yield.The result of factor analysis showed three independent factors that explained 92% of the total variability, which were named ‘productivity’, ‘phenology’, and ‘thousand grian weight’, respectively.
Conclusion: According to all three factors,B. napus, best species and Janetzika,Liragold,Hayola 401andHayola 308 from B. napus species, were identified as the best cultivars concerning seed yield and early maturity.
khodayar hemmati; majedeh malekian; azim ghasemnezhad; nastaran hemmati
Abstract
The aim of present research was to study the effect of harvesting time and fruit tissue on the content of some flavonoids of different varieties of orange. The experiment was done based on the split plot design with completely randomized design in three replications. In this research the main ...
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The aim of present research was to study the effect of harvesting time and fruit tissue on the content of some flavonoids of different varieties of orange. The experiment was done based on the split plot design with completely randomized design in three replications. In this research the main factor was texture of the fruit (epicarp, mesocarp and endocarp) and secondary factors were matured fruits of four different varieties (Thomson navel, Washington navel, Sanguine and lebani) and seven different harvesting times. Results showed that harvesting time had significant effect on all measured parameters. In which, the highest dry weight as well as total soluble solid (11.81 percent) were observed in the samples harvested in the sixth harvest time. In this stage, the highest hesperidin content (219.1 mg/ml) was observed in endocarp section. In contrast to that, the highest amount of naringin (435.3 mg/l) was observed in third stage in epicarp section without significant difference with fifth (endocarp) and sixth (mesocarp) harvest time. Among used varieties, the highest amount of both hesperidin and naringin was observed in Thomson navel fruit in sixth stage.
Rahmat Abasi; Meisam Namdari
Abstract
A field experiment has been carried out to study the competition between soybean and sesame in different planting ratios of intercropping based on replacement method. It is based on a randomized complete block design with four replications at Sari Agricultural Science and Natural Resources University ...
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A field experiment has been carried out to study the competition between soybean and sesame in different planting ratios of intercropping based on replacement method. It is based on a randomized complete block design with four replications at Sari Agricultural Science and Natural Resources University during 2019. The planting ratios are 0:100, 25:75, 50:50, 75:25, and 100:0 (Soybean: Sesame respectively), using replacement method. Results show that intercropping has had a significant effect on the percentage of N derived from the atmosphere and light use efficiency. Among the different planting ratios, the maximum amount of biological nitrogen fixation is related to the 90-days after planting, and the 75:25 and 25:75 planting ratios have had the highest (75.95%) and lowest activity rates (42.67%), respectively. In addition, the highest light use efficiency in intercropping is related to the 120-days after planting. At this stage, the light use efficiency in 75:25 and 50:50 ratios are 2.03 and 1.92 g.MJ.-1, respectively. The highest land equivalent ratio is 50:50, with an average of 1.12. Finally, increasing the light use efficiency in planting ratios of 75:25 and 50:50 prove to be essential in increasing soybean's biological nitrogen fixation and increasing the efficiency of intercropping cultivation.
Raheleh Ghale Ghafi; Hossein HajiAbaee; Fathieh Nabhani; Salvia Mohammadpour; Zahra Ardanji Kalate Siyahdasht
Abstract
This study was carried out to investigate the effect of mycorrhizal fungi (Rhizophagus irigularis) and rhizobacteria (Pseudomonas fluorescens) on maize under different fertilization conditions as greenhouse research in the Jalin region of Gorgan in 2018 during two separate experiments. The aim of the ...
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This study was carried out to investigate the effect of mycorrhizal fungi (Rhizophagus irigularis) and rhizobacteria (Pseudomonas fluorescens) on maize under different fertilization conditions as greenhouse research in the Jalin region of Gorgan in 2018 during two separate experiments. The aim of the first experiment was to compare the conventional soil incubation with seed-coating incubation, and the second experiment was to assess the growth of maize incubated with mycorrhizal fungi and plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria through seed-coating at three treatment levels of Hoagland nutrient solution (Control, 80 and 100 volumetric percentage of Hoagland solution). In both experiments, at 70 days after seed-coating, one gram of maize roots and soil attached to it were sampled and DNA was extracted from the maize rhizosphere. In the first experiment, there was no significant difference between the conventional soil incubation and seed-coating incubation according to the dry weight of stems and roots, roots’ longitudinal colonization percentage, arboscol abundance, vesicles abundance, and elements concentration. In the second experiment and under full fertilizing conditions, mycorrhizal incubation showed a significant increase in concentrations of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, and zinc (18.1, 3.5, 56, and 46.0 mg/kg, respectively) compared to the control (12.6, 3.1, 39.6, and 24.4 mg/kg, respectively), and the bacterial incubation showed a significant increase for magnesium, zinc, and manganese (2.0, 42.6, and 145 mg/kg, respectively) compared to the control (1.0, 24.4, and 60 mg/kg, respectively).
Hamid Iran nejad; Mahboobeh Poshtkoohi; Zeinab Javanmardi; Reza Amiri
Volume 11, Issue 2 , November 2009, , Pages 11-17
Abstract
The performance of nine different linseed cultivars studied in a randomized complete block design (RCB) with four replications in Varamin region (Iran) in 2006. The traits were seed yield, fatty acids, protein and oil content of linseed. The difference between cultivars was significant for all traits ...
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The performance of nine different linseed cultivars studied in a randomized complete block design (RCB) with four replications in Varamin region (Iran) in 2006. The traits were seed yield, fatty acids, protein and oil content of linseed. The difference between cultivars was significant for all traits (P< 0.01). The Legina cultivar had the highest seed yield (3000 kg/ha) and linolenic acid content (45.16 percent). The palmitic acid content of RH 14/05 cultivar, oil percent and stearic acid of GOLDA cultivar, and protein content and yield of native cultivar were higher than other cultivars (p< 0.05). The RH 14/05 cultivar which was low in linolenic acid and high in oleic acid can be used as a breeding line to produce oil.
Adel Amiri; Enayatollah Tohidi nejad; Mohammad Ali Javaheri; Ghasem Mohammadi nejad
Volume 12, Issue 1 , May 2010, , Pages 11-19
Abstract
In order to evaluate the effects of planting date, genotype and Azetobacter on wheat, the experiment was conducted in Bardsir Agricultural Research station in 1358. Planting date was mentioned as main factor in three levels (15th of Mehr, 5th of Aban and 25th of Aban), Azetobacter in three levels and ...
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In order to evaluate the effects of planting date, genotype and Azetobacter on wheat, the experiment was conducted in Bardsir Agricultural Research station in 1358. Planting date was mentioned as main factor in three levels (15th of Mehr, 5th of Aban and 25th of Aban), Azetobacter in three levels and three different genotype of wheat including, C80-2, C80-4 and Alvand (control) were treated as Split factoriel in RCBD with three replication. The measured traits at harvesting time was, mean on spikelet per spike, plant height, Spike length, Number of tiller, straw weight, 1000 grain weight, grain protein, and grain yield. There is significant difference among different planting dates, also the interaction of Genotype× azetobactor was significant for yield, the highest yield was belonged to Alvand with inoculation with Azetobacter white C80-4 had showed the lowest yield without inculation. The interaetion of planting date × Genotype C80-2 was the best the in the 5th Aban white this line had the lowest yield on 25th Aban. At the whole experiment Alvand showed the highest yield with inoculation, at 5th Aban as planting date, while C80-4 had the lowest in 25 of Abab and without inoculation. According to the result of this research, Azetobacter as an useful biological fertilizer would be advisable, due to facilating the Application and Economic benefit, For the farmers. Also it is advised to the farmers for planting Alvand as a good variety, and also planting in 5th of Aban because of escape of temperature stress.
Mohammad Ali Baghestani Meibodi; Manouchehr Jam nejad; Mahdi Mainbashi Moeini; Faribi Meighani
Volume 12, Issue 2 , November 2010, , Pages 11-23
Abstract
In order to study the effect of environment temperature and GR60 concentration on seed germination and growth of Orobanche aegyptiaca and Orobanche cernua, two experiments were conducted under controlled conditions in Weed Research department of Iranian Research Institute of Plant Protection in 2008. ...
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In order to study the effect of environment temperature and GR60 concentration on seed germination and growth of Orobanche aegyptiaca and Orobanche cernua, two experiments were conducted under controlled conditions in Weed Research department of Iranian Research Institute of Plant Protection in 2008. The first experiment was established as a completely randomized design with factorial arrangement of treatments and five replications. The first factor was GR60 concentration (zero, one, two and five ppm), the second factor was broomrape species (O. aegyptiaca and O. cernua), and the third factor was temperature (10, 20 and 30?C). The second experiment was also conducted with the same statistical design and species, temperature at three levels (15, 20 and 30?C) and host plants at two levels (tomato and tobacco). Results indicated that GR60 stimulated seed germination of both broomrape species. Broomrape germination increased up to 20?C. O. cernua needed less GR60 for maximum germination compared to that of O. aegyptiaca. Stem weight of broomrape species increased by moderate increase in temperature.
Davood Akbari Nodehi; Hassan Khademi Shormasty; Ali Cherati Araei; Fazl Shirdel Shahmiri; Reza Rezaei Sokht Abandani; Nadia Fahimi borkhali
Abstract
To investigate the effects of deficit irrigation and different levels of nitrogen fertilizer on somequantitative and qualitative properties of Melissa, a pot experiment was conducted for one year (2011) inMazandaran province. Experiment was carried out as a factorial based on randomized complete blockdesign ...
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To investigate the effects of deficit irrigation and different levels of nitrogen fertilizer on somequantitative and qualitative properties of Melissa, a pot experiment was conducted for one year (2011) inMazandaran province. Experiment was carried out as a factorial based on randomized complete blockdesign with three replications. Irrigation treatments (25, 52 and 75 percent field capacity, FC) andnitrogen fertilizer (0 and 2.5 percent ammonium nitrate) were allocated to main and sub-plots,respectively. The results showed that the effect of different levels of deficit irrigation were significant onquantitative and qualitative properties of Melissa. Fertilizer treatments were significant on dry weight,leaf area, shoot number and fresh weight, percent citronellal, caryophyllene oxide percent, geranial andneral percent. Interaction of treatments was significant only on leaf number, dry weight of shoot, freshweight of plant and geranial percent. Results showed that maximum plant height, leaf area, number ofstems, number of leaves and dry and fresh weight was obtained in 75 percent FC treatment. Percent ofcitronellal, caryophyllene oxide, geranial and neral with 6.14 percent, 11.61 percent, 20.09 percent and17.38 percent, respectively, had a maximum amounts in 75 percent FC treatment. Also, application ofnitrogen fertilizer caused 5.33 and 9.15 percent reduction of citronellal and caryophyllene oxiderespectively and increased geranial and neral percent by 17.64 and 15.56, respectively.
Roghayeh Aminian; Shahram Mohammadi deh cheshme; Saadollah Houshmand; Mahmoud Khodambashi; Karim Nozad
Volume 13, Issue 2 , March 2012, , Pages 13-25
Abstract
This study was conducted to determine the effects of stomatal size and frequency on stomatal conductance, photosynthesis rate and yield, and to locate the genes controlling these traits. Therefore, substitution lines series of ‘Timstein’ (Tim) into genetic background of ‘Chinese Spring’ ...
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This study was conducted to determine the effects of stomatal size and frequency on stomatal conductance, photosynthesis rate and yield, and to locate the genes controlling these traits. Therefore, substitution lines series of ‘Timstein’ (Tim) into genetic background of ‘Chinese Spring’ (CS) were tested in a completely randomized block design with three replications under two normal and water stress conditions in Shahrekord University research farm. Stress condition was started at elongation stage and irrigation periods were scheduled based on pre-determined ‘Growth Degree Day’ (GDD) during the length of stress period. Significant differences were found among substitution lines in terms of stomatal frequency, stomatal size, stomatal conductance, photosynthetic rate and yield. The significant correlation was found between the yield with stomatal size (r = 0.450**) and stomatal frequency (r = 0.461**) in stress and non-stress condition, respectively. In addition, there were significant correlation between yield with photosynthetic rate (r = 0.556** in stress condition and r = 0.482** in non-stress condition) and stomatal conductance (r = 0.247** in stress condition and r = 0.457** in non-stress condition). Based on the obtained results, it can be concluded that role of group B chromosomes was more prominent than the other two groups.
Atefeh Haghi Kashani; Mostafa Arab; Seyed Reza Tabaei Aghdaei; Hossein Zeinali; Mahmoud Reza Roozban
Abstract
This study was carried out to investigate flower yield and yield components in Iranian Rosa damascena using 20 genotypes, collected from different regions of Iran and grown in Drylands and Deserts Research Station of Kashan, Iran, using a randomized complete block design with three replications in 2007-2008. ...
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This study was carried out to investigate flower yield and yield components in Iranian Rosa damascena using 20 genotypes, collected from different regions of Iran and grown in Drylands and Deserts Research Station of Kashan, Iran, using a randomized complete block design with three replications in 2007-2008. Flower yield per plant, number of flowers per plant, plant height, leaf length, width, length and width of bud, length and width of pedicle, fresh weight of flower, number of petal per flower, length and width of receptacle, plant growth date, budding date, time of flowering and flowering period were recorded. A significant phenotypic correlation indicated a strong positive relationship between flower yield and number of flowers per plant. Result of stepwise regression analysis showed that 94 percent of total variation of flowers yield per plant could be explained by number of flowers per plant and weight of the fresh flower. The path analysis indicated that the number of flower per plant had the most direct effect on the yield. This suggested that number of flowers per plant and weight of the fresh flowers are the most important components determining flower yield per plant in Damask rose.
Hossein Rezvani; Jafar Asghari; Seyed MohammadReza Ehteshami; Behnam Kamkar
Abstract
For determination of economic damage threshold of four wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars in different densities of wild mustard (Sinapis arvensis L.), experiments were conducted at Agricultural Research Station Gorgan during 2010-2012. The experimental design consisted of four randomized complete ...
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For determination of economic damage threshold of four wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars in different densities of wild mustard (Sinapis arvensis L.), experiments were conducted at Agricultural Research Station Gorgan during 2010-2012. The experimental design consisted of four randomized complete blocks in a factorial arrangement. The treatments comprised of factorial combination of wild mustard densities and wheat cultivars. Five different densities of wild mustard (zero, four, eight, 16 and 32 plants.m-2) and four wheat cultivars (‘Arta’, ‘Tajan’, ‘Mogan’ and ‘Morvarid’) were considered in all the replications. Cousens hyperbolic equation was used to describe the yield reduction due to wild mustard competition. The maximum yield reduction was associated with high densities of wild mustard and among the cultivars, ‘Arta’ and ‘Morvarid’ had the maximum and minimum yield reductions, respectively. Calculated competitive indexes indicated that ‘Morvarid’ cultivar in competition with wild mustard had a high capacity to prevent yield loss (high tolerance) and on the other hand, dry weight and seed amount of weed was also greatly reduced. Using extended Cousens hyperbolic model and Odonovan formula, economic damage threshold for wheat in two years determined in densities of 4.11, 3.68, 2.33 and 2.11 plant/m2 for ‘Morvarid’, ‘Moghan’, ‘Tajan’ and ‘Arta’ cultivars in climatic conditions of Gorgan.
Naser Samsami; Ali Nakhzari Moghaddam; Ali Rahemi Karizaki; Esmaeil Gholinezhad
Abstract
In order to investigate the effect of drought stress and inoculation with mycorrhizal fungi and rhizobium bacteria on quality and quantity of soybean yield, an experiment was conducted as a split-plot factorial in a RCBD with three replications at research farm of Agricultural Highschool of Urmia during ...
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In order to investigate the effect of drought stress and inoculation with mycorrhizal fungi and rhizobium bacteria on quality and quantity of soybean yield, an experiment was conducted as a split-plot factorial in a RCBD with three replications at research farm of Agricultural Highschool of Urmia during 2017 cropping season. Main plot was drought stress including optimum irrigation, moderate drought stress and severe drought stress and sub plots were mycorrhizal fungi in three levels (without mycorrhiza and inoculation with Glomus mosseae and G. intraradices) and Rhizobium japonicum in two levels (without inoculation and inoculation with R. japonicum). In response to moderate drought stress, protein percentage increased but increasing severity of drought stress reduced protein and oil percent. Irrigation along with inoculation with mycorhizal fungi specially G. mosseae enhanced number of seeds per plant, protein percentage and protein yield. Under three irrigation conditions, inoculation with bacteria compared to non-inoculation led to increase seed yield, oil yield and protein yield. Inoculation with bacteria and mycorhizal fungi increased seed yield and oil yield. Study of correlation coefficient showed that there was a positive and significant correlation between seed yield with 1000-seed weight, number of seeds per plant, oil and protein yield. According to the results of this research, using mycorrhiza G. mosseae and inoculation with R. japonicum can have a positive effect on the quantitative and qualitative traits of soybeans.
Shahram SekhavatiFar; ali Rahemi karizaki; Ali Nakhzari Moghaddam; Mehdi Mollashahi
Abstract
Understanding the performance potential and the gap between the actual yields of crops with the achievable function is necessary to diagnose the limiting factors of performance. The present study was conducted based on the method of CPA in 50 fields of Zavkooh villi (Kalaleh, Golestan, Iran) in 2016 ...
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Understanding the performance potential and the gap between the actual yields of crops with the achievable function is necessary to diagnose the limiting factors of performance. The present study was conducted based on the method of CPA in 50 fields of Zavkooh villi (Kalaleh, Golestan, Iran) in 2016 and 2017. In this study all information related to management practices, soil characteristics and farmer socio- economic status were measured and recorded. In the comparative performance analysis (CPA) method, using stepwise regression, the relationship between variables and yield was considered. And yield gap rate, its causes factors and it was also estimated the contribution of each of these factors to the creation of a yield gap. The results showed that between the average real yield (2308 kg ha-1) and the yieldable yield (4123 kg ha-1), there is 1818 kg per hectare of vacuum. Accordingly, the most important factors in yield gap for the region included: field size with 21.4 percent, Summer plowing with 15 percent, The time of land preparation and plowing with 14.7 percent, nitrogen fertilizer with 14.6 percent, potassium fertilizer with 14 percent, weeds density per unit area with 10.8 percent), seed treatment with 8.1 percent and Subsoiler with 1.4 percent.
Ali Tadayon; Shahram Torabiyan; Mahmoud Reza Tadayon
Abstract
In order to evaluate the variation of some of quantitative and qualitative traits of different varieties of linseed under different plant densities, an experiment was conducted in the research station of the Faculty of Agriculture in Shahrekord Univerity in 2009. This experiment was arranged as factorial ...
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In order to evaluate the variation of some of quantitative and qualitative traits of different varieties of linseed under different plant densities, an experiment was conducted in the research station of the Faculty of Agriculture in Shahrekord Univerity in 2009. This experiment was arranged as factorial in RCBD design with three replications. Four linseeds originated from Australia, Canada, France and Iran varieties were used as the first factor, and three plant densities of 300, 500, and 1000 plants per m2 were used as the second factor. Based on the results of this experiment, except for traits of seed number per capsule, 1000 seeds weight days to maturity and protein percent, other traits such as plant height, grain yield and oil content significantly responded to the plant density. The highest plant height and maximum grain yield at 1000 plants per m2 and the greatest amount of oil content at density of 500 plants per m2 were produced. All measured traits had significant effect in different linseed varieties. The highest plant height in Canadian linseed, he maximum grain yield, and days to maturity in Iranian linseed, the greatest amount of protein in France linseed and the maximum oil content in Canadian linseed were observed. Except for the trait of seed number per capsule, 1000 seeds weight, days to maturity, others including plant height, grain yield, percent of protein and oil content were significantly different in the interaction between density and variety. Canadian and Iranian linseed at density of 1000 plants per m2 produced maximum plant height, Iranian linseed at density of 1000 plants per m2 produced maximum grain yield and, France linseed at density of 1000 plants per m2 produced the greatest protein percent, and Canadian linseed at density of 300 plants per m2 also produced maximum oil percent. The general result in this experiment showed that, the density of 1000 plants per m2 was the best plant density and the Iranian linseed, due to great oil content and grain yield, was the most important linseed among other varieties.
Hamed heydari; Amin Salehi
Abstract
In order to evaluate the effects of vermicompost organic fertilizers on root weight, stem weight, root length, stem length, content of photosynthetic pigments and element uptake of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium of different ecotype’s of Stachys pilifera L., a factorial based on a completely ...
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In order to evaluate the effects of vermicompost organic fertilizers on root weight, stem weight, root length, stem length, content of photosynthetic pigments and element uptake of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium of different ecotype’s of Stachys pilifera L., a factorial based on a completely randomized design with three replications was conducted at the research greenhouse, Faculty of Agriculture, Yasouj University, during 2012. Factors were vermicompost at four levels (0, 5, 10 and 15 weight percent) and ecotype at four levels (Margoon, Loudab, Abnahr and Sepidar). The results showed that Loudab and Margoon ecotype’s had the maximum nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and chlorophyll b contents and Sepidar and Abnahr ecotype’s plants had the minimum of them. In a greenhouse experiment, 15 and 0 percent vermicompost had the maximum and minimum levels of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and chlorophyll b, respectively, as application of vermicompost by 15 percent in the above mentioned traits increased 71/43, 61/24, 33/33 and 75% compared to control, respectively. The maximum and minimum of total chlorophyll, chlorophyll-a and carotenoid contents were obtained at Loudab and Sepidar ecotype’s with 15 and 0 percent of vermicompost, respectively. In general, the results of this study showed that Ecotypes of the habitats of the lower regions better adapt to greenhouse conditions. Result Also, indicated that application of vermicompost in level of 15 percent had a significant role in improving the morphophysiological characteristics of Stachys pilifera L. and can be used as a suitable planting bed for this plant.
Fatemeh salmani; afshin soltani; Ebrahim Zeinali; Hossein Shahkoomahali
Abstract
In order to simulate transplantation, the parameters related to cotton seedling growth are firstly measured in a factorial experiment in a randomized complete block design at Gorgan University of agricultural sciences and natural resources within 2018. The parameters are then utilized in SSM-iCrop2 Model. ...
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In order to simulate transplantation, the parameters related to cotton seedling growth are firstly measured in a factorial experiment in a randomized complete block design at Gorgan University of agricultural sciences and natural resources within 2018. The parameters are then utilized in SSM-iCrop2 Model. In the simulation section, four seedling size based on the leaf area (namely 17, 22, 27, and 37 cm-2 per plant) are evaluated in 4 planting dates (15 June, 1 July, 15 July, and 30 July). Results show that in early planting date, seedling transplantation rushes the process of crop maturation for 43 to 49 days. However, this has had no significant effect on yield values (from 453 to 461 g/m2) and net water requirement (312 to 316 mm). The usual sowing date causes the crop to mature between 27 and 38 days (earlier vacant land), whereas seed sowing at this planting date impairs the subsequent crop cultivation. At this planting date, as in early planting, transplanting has no strong effect on the yield (from 444 to 452 g/m2) and water requirement (299 to 308 mm). In a late planting date, seedling transplanting with four seedling sizes between 1 and 5 days results in premature seed germination, even though seed cultivation impairs subsequent planting. At this planting date, transplanting has a noticeable effect on the yield (361 to 441 g/m2), but the amount of pure irrigation (271 to 300 mm) remains unaffected by transplanting.
Saeed Sharafi
Abstract
Compensating water shortage requires the use of proper agricultural management methods. Thus, the present experiment aims at investigating different irrigation levels based on water requirement of sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L.) on qualitative and quantitative yield of forage produced by combined cropping ...
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Compensating water shortage requires the use of proper agricultural management methods. Thus, the present experiment aims at investigating different irrigation levels based on water requirement of sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L.) on qualitative and quantitative yield of forage produced by combined cropping patterns of sorghum and snail medic (Medicago scutellata L.). The experiment is conducted in split plots design based on randomized complete blocks with three replications in two years (2017-2018 and 2018-2019). The treatments include irrigation levels of 50%, 75%, 100%, and 125% (as the main plot) and cropping patterns sole-cropping sorghum, sole-cropping snail medic, cropping pattern of 100% sorghum with additive series of 50%, 75%, and 100% snail medic (as the subplot). Results show that the highest fresh and dry forage yield are obtained in 125% water requirement as well as 100% sorghum and 100% snail medic (with 53578.45 and 13302.68 kg ha-1). In addition to the effective application of land (land equivalent ratio = 1.29), fresh and dry forage yield have increased by 834 and 63.36 kg ha-1, respectively. The analysis of forage quality show that with a decrease in the portion of the snail medic, the percentage of protein has decreased by 11.05%. Also, the highest percentage of crude ash and digestible matter have been obtained in the treatment of sorghum sole cropping (11.79% and 81.04%, respectively) and the highest percentage of acid detergent fiber in the treatment of snail medic sole cropping (30.94%). According to the results, it is possible that the use of crop with low water requirements like snail medic in mix cropping system (100:100) increases the quality and quantity of forage, boosting water productivity as well.
Roushan Jafari; Raouf Seyed sharif; Ali Akbar Imani
Abstract
In order to study the influence of nitrogen and different harvesting dates on sorghum yield, a split plot experiment based on randomized complete block design was conducted with three replications in 2010 at the Research Farm of Islamic Azad University, Ardabil branch. Factors were: different harvesting ...
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In order to study the influence of nitrogen and different harvesting dates on sorghum yield, a split plot experiment based on randomized complete block design was conducted with three replications in 2010 at the Research Farm of Islamic Azad University, Ardabil branch. Factors were: different harvesting dates in three levels containing, beginning of flowering, two and four weeks after beginning of flowering and nitrogen fertilizer in four levels (zero, 60, 120 and 180 kg N.ha-1). The results showed that maximum of forage yield was obtained by the plots which were applied 180 kg N.ha-1 in four weeks after beginning flowering and the least of it was in no application of nitrogen fertilizer in beginning of flowering. Means comparison showed that the highest nitrogen use efficiency was obtained by the plots which was applied 60 kg N.ha-1 in four weeks after beginning flowering and the least of it was in application of 180 kg N.ha-1 × beginninig of flowering. Maximum of stem and leaf protein was obtained in the highest of nitrogen fertilizer rates. It seems that in order to increasing of forage yield, should be applied 180 kg N.ha-1 × four weeks after beginning flowering in climate conditions of Ardabil. If the aim is to improve nitrogen use efficiency, then applying 60 kg N.ha-1 in four weeks after beginning flowering can be suggested.
Sara Vaziri Kateshori; Mashallah Daneshvar; Akbar Sohrabi; farhad Nazarian Firoz Abadi
Abstract
To evaluate the effects of various levels of phosphorous and foliar application of iron and zinc on grain yield and yield components of chick pea (Ciceraireintinum L.), an experiment was conducted on split plot factorial based on randomized complete block design with three replications during 2010- 2011 ...
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To evaluate the effects of various levels of phosphorous and foliar application of iron and zinc on grain yield and yield components of chick pea (Ciceraireintinum L.), an experiment was conducted on split plot factorial based on randomized complete block design with three replications during 2010- 2011 growth season at the Agricultural College Research Farm, Lorestan University. Factors included phosphorous fertilizer at three levels (P1=0 kg/ha, P2=100 kg/ha, P3=200 kg/ha, soil application) in the main plots. Fe and Zn each at three levels (F1, Z1=0, F2, Z2 = 0.3 and F3, Z3 =0.6 percent, foliar application) were placed in the sub plots. The results showed that P, Fe and Zn levels had significant effects on grain yield, number of pod per m2 and 100 seed weight. Interaction effect of P and Fe was significant on biological yield, grain yield, 100 seed weight and number of pod per m2. Also interaction effect of P and Zn was significant on grain yield. Interaction effects of P, Fe and Zn were significant on grain yield, 100 seed weight and biological yield. The maximum grain yield was obtained from P3F3Z3 treatment with grain yield 1228 kg/ha. It seems P3F3Z3 treatment is optimum amount for chick pea (cultivar ILC482) under the study condition.
Donia Tari; Asad Rokhzadi
Abstract
This experiment was conducted to study the effects of sowing date and hydropriming on the yield of two cotton cultivars using a factorial experiment based on randomized complete block design in three replications at the Research Farm of Islamic Azad University, Sanandaj Branch in 2013 growing season. ...
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This experiment was conducted to study the effects of sowing date and hydropriming on the yield of two cotton cultivars using a factorial experiment based on randomized complete block design in three replications at the Research Farm of Islamic Azad University, Sanandaj Branch in 2013 growing season. The first factor was sowing date with three levels: April 29, May 13, and May 27. The second factor was hydropriming in two levels of control (without priming) and hydro-priming application and the third factor was cultivar with two levels of Paak and Varamin cultivars. Results showed that seed hydropriming at the first sowing date (April 29) significantly increased seed cotton yield in comparison with control (without priming), however hydropriming had no effects on seed cotton at the second and the third sowing dates. Varamin cultivar responded well to early planting and its yield at the first sowing date was significantly higher than that of Paak cultivar whereas there was no difference between two cultivars regarding seed cotton yield at the other sowing dates. Delay in sowing date and non-priming treatments resulted in a significant decrease in oil content of Paak cultivar, but had no significant effect on the oil content of Varamin cultivar.
hana aboodeh; abdelmehdi bakhshandeh; Mohammad Moradi Telavat; seyed ata Siadat; SeyedAmir Moosavi
Abstract
In order to determine drought stress in the final stages of flowering up to 50% pods and pods until harvest tolerance in canola genotypes via yield-base stress tolerance indices, a split plot experiment has been conducted based on the randomized complete block design with three replications at the research ...
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In order to determine drought stress in the final stages of flowering up to 50% pods and pods until harvest tolerance in canola genotypes via yield-base stress tolerance indices, a split plot experiment has been conducted based on the randomized complete block design with three replications at the research farm of department of plant production and genetics, Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University of Khuzestan, Iran during 2020-2021. The main plots include three irrigation treatments: the control (without any interruption of irrigation), interruption of irrigation in the beginning of flowering stage (phenology code 60) to the formation of 50% pods (phenology code 75), and interruption of irrigation in the stage of formation of pods until harvest (Phenology code 99) in the main plots. Also, the genotypes (Long pod, Aram, RGS 003, Jankom, Solar, Hayola 4815, Mahtab, Julius, Agamax, and Sala) are arranged in sub-plots with respect to irrigation treatments. They are reliable indices to identify drought tolerant rapeseed cultivars. Indices MP, GMP, and STI are the most suitable ones to evaluate drought stress tolerance in different treatments. The highest grain yield of control treatment belongs to Hayola 4815, Long pod, Solar genotypes (2093.8, 1791 and 1700 kg / ha), and the lowest to Jankum genotype (832.1 kg / ha), in flowering Stress up to 50% pods. The highest grain yield is observed in Hayola 4815 (1563.9 kg / ha) and Lon gpod (1150.9 kg / ha) and the lowest grain yield in Jankum and Mahtab genotype (540, 935.5 kg / ha).
Ayoub Jafari; MohammadReza Bihamta; Masoumeh Moghbel; Saeid Soufizadeh; Saeed Bazgeer; Mostafa Karimi
Abstract
Objective: To evaluate the effect of planting date on the morphological traits, growth indices and seed corn yield of three varieties, an experiment was carried out in the research farm of University of Tehran in Karaj city in 2019.
Methods: The experiment was conducted as a split-plot design based ...
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Objective: To evaluate the effect of planting date on the morphological traits, growth indices and seed corn yield of three varieties, an experiment was carried out in the research farm of University of Tehran in Karaj city in 2019.
Methods: The experiment was conducted as a split-plot design based on randomized complete blocks with four replications. In this experiment, planting date in 3 levels (May 24, June 21, and July 18) was considered as main plots and variety (early KSC400, medium-early KSC647, and late KSC704) as sub plots.
Results: The results showed the highest yield is related to the second planting date (11.98 ton/Kg-1), and the longest period until the appearance of the the tassel was belonged to the first planting date (63.7 days).
The third (129/7 days), the second (122/3 days) and first planting date (113/3 days) had the longest period of physiological maturity, respectively. Also, KSC704 had the highest plant height and stem diameter, and KSC647 had the highest number of leaves. Also, the maximum leaf area, the growth rate of crop in the flowering stage was related to the cultivar KSC704 on the second and third planting date, respectively, and the maximum relative growth rate and the net absorption rate in the first vegetative stages were related to the cultivar KSC704 on the third planting date and the second planting date.
Conclusion: Overall, the second planting date and KSC704 variety are suggested as the suitable date and variety for Karaj city.
Elham Danaie; Younes Mostofi; Pejman Moradi; Reza Azizi nejad
Volume 13, Issue 1 , August 2011, , Pages 21-29
Abstract
The effect of gibberelic acid (GA3) and ethanol on the postharvest quality and vase life of gerbera cut flowers was investigated. Freshly cut flower stems of gerbera cultivar ‘Good timing’, were put in vases containing zero, 50, 100, 150, 200 or 300 mgL-1 GA3 for 48 hr and then held in vases ...
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The effect of gibberelic acid (GA3) and ethanol on the postharvest quality and vase life of gerbera cut flowers was investigated. Freshly cut flower stems of gerbera cultivar ‘Good timing’, were put in vases containing zero, 50, 100, 150, 200 or 300 mgL-1 GA3 for 48 hr and then held in vases containing 2.5 percent ethanol and three percent sucrose in two methods. In the first method, the vase solutions were not replaced but in the second method, the vase solutions replaced and refreshed when solution uptake was measured. The vase was placed in chambers at 25°C and relative humidity about 70 percent with 14 hr photoperiod that was maintained using fluorescent lamps (light intensity of 15 µmolm-2s-1). Data were recorded for vase life, fresh weight, solution uptake, membrane stability, total soluble solid over time and analyzed statistically. Results revealed that GA3 with 50 mgL-1 was the most effective treatments for vase life, fresh weight, solution uptake, membrane stability and total soluble solid of gerbera cut flowers. Also results show that application of ethanol in second method (refreshing) was better than application in the first method as constant vase solution.
Omid Younesi; Ali Moradi
Abstract
This study investigated the influence of inoculation with an arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus (AMF), Glomus mosseae (Nicol & Gerd.) on growth and antioxidant enzyme activities (SOD, CAT, GUPX) in shoots and roots of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) affected by three different levels of salt stress. The ...
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This study investigated the influence of inoculation with an arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus (AMF), Glomus mosseae (Nicol & Gerd.) on growth and antioxidant enzyme activities (SOD, CAT, GUPX) in shoots and roots of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) affected by three different levels of salt stress. The experiment was arranged as a factorial in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications. Experimental treatments including: three levels of salinity stress (0 (control), 60 and 120 µm) and two levels of inoculation (inoculation and non inoculation). Salinity decreased wheat growth, regardless of the mycorrhizal treatment and the salt stress level. The plants inoculated with AMF had significantly greater shoot biomass than the control plants at all salinity levels. However, the results pointed out that salinity had inhibitory effects on mycorrhizal infection. The highest mycorrhizal infection was observed in the control plants. Increasing salinity stress raised significantly the antioxidant enzyme activities, including those of total SOD, GUPX and CAT, of wheat compared to their respective non-stressed controls. The AMF induced a higher increase in these antioxidant enzymes in response to severe salinity. Inoculation with AMF could serve as a useful tool for alleviating salinity stress in salt-sensitive plants. However, Analysis of variance indicated that there was not significant interaction between salt and mycorrhizal inoculation on SOD and CAT of roots. Also, there was not significant interaction between salt and mycorrhizal inoculation on GUPX in both shoots and roots.