Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 Assistant Professor of Irrigation Department, Islamic Azad University Branch of Qaemshahr, Qaemshahr, Iran

2 Graduate student, Deprtment of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Islamic Azad University of Qaemshahr Branch, Qaemshahr, Iran

3 Assistant Professor of Agriculture and Natural Resources Center of Mazadaran Province, Mazandaran, Iran

4 Assistant Professor of Agronomy Department, Islamic Azad University Branch of Qaemshahr, Qaemshahr, Iran

5 Mazandaran Region 2 Secretary of Education, Health, Mazandaran, Iran

Abstract

To investigate the effects of deficit irrigation and different levels of nitrogen fertilizer on some
quantitative and qualitative properties of Melissa, a pot experiment was conducted for one year (2011) in
Mazandaran province. Experiment was carried out as a factorial based on randomized complete block
design with three replications. Irrigation treatments (25, 52 and 75 percent field capacity, FC) and
nitrogen fertilizer (0 and 2.5 percent ammonium nitrate) were allocated to main and sub-plots,
respectively. The results showed that the effect of different levels of deficit irrigation were significant on
quantitative and qualitative properties of Melissa. Fertilizer treatments were significant on dry weight,
leaf area, shoot number and fresh weight, percent citronellal, caryophyllene oxide percent, geranial and
neral percent. Interaction of treatments was significant only on leaf number, dry weight of shoot, fresh
weight of plant and geranial percent. Results showed that maximum plant height, leaf area, number of
stems, number of leaves and dry and fresh weight was obtained in 75 percent FC treatment. Percent of
citronellal, caryophyllene oxide, geranial and neral with 6.14 percent, 11.61 percent, 20.09 percent and
17.38 percent, respectively, had a maximum amounts in 75 percent FC treatment. Also, application of
nitrogen fertilizer caused 5.33 and 9.15 percent reduction of citronellal and caryophyllene oxide
respectively and increased geranial and neral percent by 17.64 and 15.56, respectively.

Keywords

1. امیدبیگی ر. (1384) تولید و فرآوری گیاهان دارویی. موسسه چاپ و انتشارات آستان قدس رضوی جلد سوم.
2. امین پور ر. و موسوی م. (1374) اثرات تعداد دفعات آبیاری بر مراحل نمونه عملکرد و اجرای عملکرد دانه زیره سبز. علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، 1 : 6-1.
3. جزایری م. (1378)  اثرات تنش خشکی بربرخی ازمتابولیت ها در Eucalypatus  camaldulensis . پایان نامه کارشناسی ارشد دانشگاه تهران ، دانشکده علوم. 145 صفحه.
4. رسام ق. (1380) مطالعه تاثیر عناصر غذایی بر عملکرد و میزان اسانس میوه گیاه انیسون. مجموعه مقالات همایش ملی گیاهان دارویی. انتشارات موسسه تحقیقات جنگلها و مراتع . شماره 280-1380.
5. شریفی عاشورآبادی ا.، متین  ا. و لباسچی م. ح. (1383) تاثیر نحوه مصرف کود نیتروژنی بر عملکرد گیاه دارویی بادرنجبویه. تحقیقات گیاهان دارویی و معطر ایران.20 (3): 376 – 369.
6- عزتی پ. (1381) بررسی تاثیر تراکم بر عملکرد و ماده موثر بادرنجبویه . پایان نامه کارشناسی ارشد زراعت ، دانشگاه آزاد، واحد ورامین. 113 صفحه.
7- قلی­زاده  آ.، اصفهانی  م. و عزیزی  م. (1383) بررسی اثرات زئولیت و تنش خشکی بر رشد و نمو و میزان اسانس گیاه دارویی بادرشبی Dracocephalummoldavica خلاصه مقالات دومین همایش گیاهان دارویی، دانشکده علوم کشاورزی ، دانشگاه شاهد. تهران – 7 و 8 بهمن.
8. مقصودی ع. ا. و غلامی م. (1383) بررسی اثر تنش خشکی بر برخی از خصوصیات رشدی سه توده بومی زعفران و Crocus Sativus. خلاصه مقالات دومین همایش گیاهان دارویی. دانشکده علوم کشاورزی دانشگاه شاهد. تهران – 7 و 8 بهمن.
 
9 . Amin  I. and wahab  M. A. (1998) Effect of chemical fertilizaion on Cuminum cyminum L. plants under Northe sinai conditions. Desert Institute Bulletin. Egypt. 48: 1, 1-19.
10.Bahtiyarca Bagdat  R., Cosge  B. and Tarihi  G. (2006) The essential oil of lemon balm (Melissa officinalis.), its components and using fields. Journal of the Faculty of Agriculture. 21: 116- 121.
11.Bennett J. M., Mutti L. S. M., Rao P. S. C and Jones J. W. (1989) Interactive effects of nitrogen and water stresses on biomas accumulation, nitrogen uptake , and seed yield of maize . Field Crops Research. 19(4): 297-311.
12 . Gelder  H. and  Vangelder  H. (1988) Influence of nitrogen fertilizer application level on oil production and quality in Mentha piperita L. Applied Plant Science. 2: 2 , 68-71.
13 . Jesus D.L. (2003) Effect of artificial polyploidy in transformed roots of Artemisia annua L. A thesis submitted to the Faculty of Woreester polytechnic Institute, for the Degree of Master of Science in Biotechnology , 111p.
14 . Khan M. M. A., Afag S. and Afidi M. M. (1992) Yield and quality of fennel , (Foeniculum culgare , Mill) in relation to base and Foliar application to nitrogen and phosphorus. Plant Nutrition , 15(11) :2502–2515.
15 . Khalid A. (2006) Influence of water stress on growht , essential oil, and chemical composition of herbs (Ocimum sp.). International Agrophysics , 20: 289-296.
16 . Munnu, S. (2004) Effect of nitrogen and irrigation regimes on the yield and quality of sweet basil (Ocimum basilicum L.). Spices and Aromatic Crops 11(2) :151- 154.
17 . Omidbaigi, R., Hassani, A. and Sefidkon, F. (2003) Essential oil content and composition of sweet basil (Ocimum basilicum) at different irrigation regimes. Essential oil Bearing plants. 6: 104–108.
18 . Pandey, R. K., Maranville, J. W. and Admou, A. (2001) Tropical wheat response to irrigation and nitrogen in a Sahelian environment. I. Grain yield, yield components and water use efficiency. European Agronomy, 15: 93-105.
19 . Saleh, M. M., Makarem, M. and EL- Gamasy, A. M. (1978) Effects of irrigation on the growth alkaloids and rutin of Nicotiana clauca . ISHS Acta Horticulturae . 43(1).
 20 . Singh, M., Ganesha Rao, R. S. and Prakasa Rao, E. V. S. (2008) Effect of depth and method of irrigation and nitrogen application on herb and oil yields of Java citronella (cymbopogon winterianus Jowitt.) under semi- arid tropical conditions. Agronomy and Crop Science. 177(1): 61- 64.
21 . Shalbbay, A., Khattab, M., Elganassy, A. and Gamassy, K. (1993) Cultivation of Melissa officinalis in Egypt, Firstword congress on medicinal and aromatic plants for human welfare (woc MAP). Masstricht Netherlands, 331:115-120.