Kazem Arzani; Hassan Khoshghalb; Mohamad Jafar Malakouti; Mohsen Barzegar
Volume 12, Issue 2 , November 2010, Pages 1-9
Abstract
The effect of Ca, Zn and B foliar application (five g l-1) and their mixed applications as well as two harvest dates (1st and 15st of August) on PPO activity of two commercial Asian pears (‘KS’9 and ‘KS’13) fruits at the time of harvest and during storage were investigated. Results ...
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The effect of Ca, Zn and B foliar application (five g l-1) and their mixed applications as well as two harvest dates (1st and 15st of August) on PPO activity of two commercial Asian pears (‘KS’9 and ‘KS’13) fruits at the time of harvest and during storage were investigated. Results showed that the PPO activity increased from harvest time to three months after storage and then decreased. During storage, PPO showed lower activity in the fruits harvested from foliar sprayed trees compared with nonsprayed trees for both harvest dates and in both cultivars. In the first harvest date (1st of August), PPO activity of foliar sprayed treatments were 256 (control), 212 (Ca), 163 (Zn), 171 (B) and 112 (Ca + Zn + B) for ‘KS’9 and 286 (control), 240 (Ca), 184 (Zn), 193 (B) and 136 unit activity min-1 per 100g-1 FW (Ca + Zn + B) for ‘KS’13. In the early harvested fruits (1st of August), the amount of PPO showed lower activity than the late harvested fruit during five months storage in two studied cultivars. Hence, it is concluded that Ca, Zn and B applications and earlier fruit harvest could affected to decrease in the enzymatic browning disorder and increase the storage longivity of fruits.
Mohammad Ali Baghestani Meibodi; Manouchehr Jam nejad; Mahdi Mainbashi Moeini; Faribi Meighani
Volume 12, Issue 2 , November 2010, Pages 11-23
Abstract
In order to study the effect of environment temperature and GR60 concentration on seed germination and growth of Orobanche aegyptiaca and Orobanche cernua, two experiments were conducted under controlled conditions in Weed Research department of Iranian Research Institute of Plant Protection in 2008. ...
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In order to study the effect of environment temperature and GR60 concentration on seed germination and growth of Orobanche aegyptiaca and Orobanche cernua, two experiments were conducted under controlled conditions in Weed Research department of Iranian Research Institute of Plant Protection in 2008. The first experiment was established as a completely randomized design with factorial arrangement of treatments and five replications. The first factor was GR60 concentration (zero, one, two and five ppm), the second factor was broomrape species (O. aegyptiaca and O. cernua), and the third factor was temperature (10, 20 and 30?C). The second experiment was also conducted with the same statistical design and species, temperature at three levels (15, 20 and 30?C) and host plants at two levels (tomato and tobacco). Results indicated that GR60 stimulated seed germination of both broomrape species. Broomrape germination increased up to 20?C. O. cernua needed less GR60 for maximum germination compared to that of O. aegyptiaca. Stem weight of broomrape species increased by moderate increase in temperature.
Mahmoud Shoor; Yahya Selahvarzi; Sahar Bostani
Volume 12, Issue 2 , November 2010, Pages 25-35
Abstract
To evaluate the effect of high Co2 concentration on three ornamental plants belong to Asteraceae family, all with different morphological characteristics, namely: Marigold (compound leaves), Floss flower (opposite leaves) and Blanket flower (rosette leaves), an experiment was conducted in 2007 at Ferdosi ...
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To evaluate the effect of high Co2 concentration on three ornamental plants belong to Asteraceae family, all with different morphological characteristics, namely: Marigold (compound leaves), Floss flower (opposite leaves) and Blanket flower (rosette leaves), an experiment was conducted in 2007 at Ferdosi university - Iran. Four levels of Co2 (350 as control, 700, 1050 and 1400 µl/l), as well as three plant genotypes were used as factorial arrangement based on a complete randomized design with three replications. The results showed that all studied traits were affected by Co2, plant genotypes and their interactions. Increasing Co2 concentration to 700 µl/l led to higher stomata density, epidermal cell density, stomata length, and guard cell length in all three plant genotypes. The results also showed that marigold (compound leaves) had the maximum values for stomata density, epidermal cell density, as well as stomatal index. Maximum stomata length occurred in Floss flower (opposite leaves) and maximum length and width of guard cell were observed in Blanket flower (rosette leaves).
Mehdi Zarrabi; Iraj Allah dadi; Gholam Abbas Akbari; Hamid Iran najad; Gholam Ali Akbari
Volume 12, Issue 2 , November 2010, Pages 37-50
Abstract
To study the seprate and combined effects of phosphorus fertilizer, Phosphate-solubilizing bacteria and mycorrhizal fungus on reducing drought stress damages of grain corn (SC704) during its vegetative stages under field conditions, an experiment was conducted as split plot based on RCBD with three replications ...
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To study the seprate and combined effects of phosphorus fertilizer, Phosphate-solubilizing bacteria and mycorrhizal fungus on reducing drought stress damages of grain corn (SC704) during its vegetative stages under field conditions, an experiment was conducted as split plot based on RCBD with three replications at College of Abouraihan, University of Tehran in 2009. Experimental factors were drought stress as main-plot (irrigation after 50 as control, 100 and 150 mm evaporation from pan class A) and fertilizer plus biofertilizer compounds as sub-plots. Drought stress began after seedling stage. Analysis of variance showed that drought stress significantly affected most of investigated traits such as number of row/ ear, number of kernel/ row, ear weight, 1000kernel weight and grain yield. All the measured traits in compounds phosphate-solubilizing bacteria, mycorrhiza fungies and triple super phosphate treatment were higher than other treatments under water deficit stress conditions. Frthermore, grain yield in triple super phosphate treat under severe water deficit stress conditions (1.81 ton/ha) were significantly less than normal irrigation (8.38 ton/ha) and low stress conditions (4.98 ton/ha). According to this experiment, seed inoculation with phosphate-solubilizing bacteria, mycorrhiza fungies and triple super phosphate compounds affected grain yield and harvest index significantly. This experiment showed that phosphate-solubilizing microorganisms can positively interact in promoting plant growth as well as in P uptake in maize plant, leading to improve plant tolerance under water deficit stress conditions.
Ali Reza Eyvazi; Rasoul Tajaddin Kokiae
Volume 12, Issue 2 , November 2010, Pages 51-62
Abstract
Delay in planting and low precipitation in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) farming is the problem in Western Azerbaijan province - Iran. In order to evaluate the effects of seed priming an experiment was conducted under laboratory, green house and field conditions in 2006-7. The experiment was arranged ...
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Delay in planting and low precipitation in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) farming is the problem in Western Azerbaijan province - Iran. In order to evaluate the effects of seed priming an experiment was conducted under laboratory, green house and field conditions in 2006-7. The experiment was arranged as a factorial in which first factor included of four cultivars (Zarrin, Shahriar, Sardary and Azar) and second factor was including the distilled water, 10% polyethylene glycol (8000), 2.5% KCl, 10% Urea, 4% Micro nutrient, 1000ppm Cycocel (CCC), 20ppm Auxin (IAA) and non priming treatment as control. The maximum water absorbed was for Shahriar with distilled water. IAA and CCC treatments increased seed weight. Analysis of variance showed that the lengths and dry weights of plumule and radical, chlorophyll content, absorbed nitrogen, grain yield and its components, total dry matter and plant height were significantly different (P? 0.05). All of priming treatments had more absorbed nitrogen, grain yield and its components than control. CCC treatment had the highest value of lengths and dry weights for plumule and radical, grain yield, but the lowest value of plant height. In contrast urea had the negative effects for seedling related traits.
Masoumeh Naeimi; Gholam Ali Akbari; Amir Hossein Shirani rad; Seyed Ali Mohammad Modarres-Sanavy; Seyed Ahmad Sadat nouri
Volume 12, Issue 2 , November 2010, Pages 63-71
Abstract
To evaluate the drought stress effect at terminal growth stage on yield of 12 rapeseed cultivars, an experiment was conducted with split-plot arrangement based on randomized complete block design with four replications at experimental field of Seed and Plant Improvement Institute, Karaj-Iran during 2005-06. ...
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To evaluate the drought stress effect at terminal growth stage on yield of 12 rapeseed cultivars, an experiment was conducted with split-plot arrangement based on randomized complete block design with four replications at experimental field of Seed and Plant Improvement Institute, Karaj-Iran during 2005-06. Irrigation at two levels (irrigation after 80 mm evaporation from class A pan, as control and withholding irrigation from silique formation until crop maturing time, as stress conditins allowcated to main plots and twelve rapeseed cultivars were used in sub plots. The number of silique in main stem, number of silique in lateral branches, silique fertility ratio and grain yield were low in drought stress conditions (p< 0.05). There were significant variations in all studied traits between evaluated cultivars. Grain yield in drought stress treatment was decreased (30%), when silique abortion was occurred due to water stress. In full irrigation treatment (control), the grain yield of Orient cultivar (2817 kg.ha-1) and at drought conditions, the grain yield of Opera cultivar (2058 kg.ha-1) were the highest amounts. The lowest oil percentage (39.8) and the highest protein percentage (23.3) were for Talaye cultivar, while the highest oil percentage (42.6) was for Option500 cultivar.
Kourosh Vahdati; Hassan Bahrami Sarmandi; Siamak Kalantari
Volume 12, Issue 2 , November 2010, Pages 73-82
Abstract
Somatic embryos which were derived from immature cotyledons of a Persian walnut genotype had been grown on DKW medium supplemented with gelrite 0.3% and ABA (2 mg l-1). For maturation, somatic embryos were treated with chilling pre-treatment (one month in dark at (3-4C), different desiccation methods ...
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Somatic embryos which were derived from immature cotyledons of a Persian walnut genotype had been grown on DKW medium supplemented with gelrite 0.3% and ABA (2 mg l-1). For maturation, somatic embryos were treated with chilling pre-treatment (one month in dark at (3-4C), different desiccation methods (fast, slow and full) and combination of chilling and desiccation treatments. The experiment was conducted as RCD in tissue culture laboratory of College of Abouraihan, University of Tehran, Iran in 2007. After three weeks, plantlets obtained from this treatment were transferred to six plantlets developing media (including full and half strength DKW with different levels of sucrose and activated charcoal). Without any pretreatment, 26% of somatic embryos germinated, while those treated with cold-pretreatment germinated at 54% with both shoots and roots. Somatic embryos treated with fast, slow and full desiccation, germinated at 27, 37 and 57% with both shoots and roots, respectively. Cold storage for two months in combination with full desiccation resulted in higher amounts of somatic embryos germination (73%) which had both shoots and roots. Adding activated charcoal and sucrose, also reducing amounts of macro and micro nutrients did not have significant effect on shoot length. Adding activated charcoal enhanced root development.