Fatemeh Delavarnia; Faezeh Zaefarian; roghayeh hasanpour; Hemmatollah Pirdashti
Abstract
In order to evaluate the ability of forage sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L.) to remediate the heavy metal cadmium with biochar and Pseudomonas putida, a factorial experiment has been conducted based on completely randomized design accomplished in greenhouse conditions with four replications at Sari Agricultural ...
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In order to evaluate the ability of forage sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L.) to remediate the heavy metal cadmium with biochar and Pseudomonas putida, a factorial experiment has been conducted based on completely randomized design accomplished in greenhouse conditions with four replications at Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University, in the summer of 2019. Results show that the presence of cadmium in the medium of sorghum reduce the dry weight of root and shoot. However, adding biochar and bacterial inoculation significantly increase the mentioned traits. Bioconcentration factor and bioaccumulation factor have increased from 25 to 100 mg of cadmium, when the highest shoot bioaccumulation factor (2.31) is observed at a concentration of 100 mg Cd per kg soil and in the simultaneous application of Biochar and Pseudomonas putida, which is a significant increase of 28.33% compared to the control. The lowest translocation factor of sorghum (1.000) is related to non-application of biochar, non-inoculation of Pseudomonas putida and without cadmium contamination, itslef reduced by 20% compared to the control, while the highest translocation factor (1.94) is observed at a concentration of 25 mg of cadmium per kg of soil and treatment of non-application of biochar and non-inoculation of Pseudomonas putida. Plant tolerance index has decreased by increasing cadmium concentration, while the use of biochar and inoculation of Pseudomonas putida has increased this index when the highest tolerance index (1.22) is related to the treatment of combined use of biochar and bacteria with no cadmium, increased by 22% compared to non-application of biochar and non-inoculation bacteria. As the tolerance index of forage sorghum in all concentrations of cadmium is more than 0.60, this plant can be classified in the highly-tolerant group to the heavy metal cadmium stress and sorghum could be used for cadmium phytoremediation.
Mehdi Esmaeiltabar; Faezeh Zaefarian; Shahram Nazari; Rahmat Abbasi
Abstract
In order to investigate the effect of different weed control managements on emergence characteristics and morphological growth of rice seedlings in the seedling stage in a direct seeding system, a field experiment has been conducted in the 2020 growing season, Babolsar, Bahnemir, Iran. Being a factorial ...
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In order to investigate the effect of different weed control managements on emergence characteristics and morphological growth of rice seedlings in the seedling stage in a direct seeding system, a field experiment has been conducted in the 2020 growing season, Babolsar, Bahnemir, Iran. Being a factorial in a randomized complete block design with three replications, the experiment employs the following treatments: Shiroudi, Khazar, and Hashemi cultivars as well as various weed control management in five levels of seed coating with calcium chloride, seed coating with potassium chloride, weeding, chemical control, and control. The interaction effect of weed management and cultivar shows that coating the seeds with calcium chloride, potassium chloride, and weeding cuts the dry weight of grasses by 55%, 68%, and 85% in Shiroudi cultivar, by 79%, 63%, and 54% in Khazar cultivar, and 30%, 58%, and 35% in Hashemi cultivar, respectively, compared to the control. The maximum percentage of germination with 99%, 97%, and 95% belong to seed coating with potassium chloride, calcium chloride, and weeding in Shiroudi cultivar, respectively. The highest germination rate could be observed in potassium and calcium chloride seed coating treatments and weeding. The lowest density of broadleaf weeds with 0.91 plants m-2 is obtained in Shiroudi cultivar and by managing the seeds coating of this cultivar with calcium chloride. The highest seedling length and weight vigor indices are obtained with 3559 and 137 in Shiroudi cultivar under weeding management, respectively. Results show that seed coating improves the seed yield of rice cultivars.
maryam habibi; faeze zaefarian; farhad rejali; nadali bagheri
Abstract
In order to investigate the effect of Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in Saffron rhizosphere on yield and nutrient uptake, a study has been conducted as split plot factorial based on a completely randomized design with three replications in the institute of Soil and Water research in Karaj, during 2017-2020. ...
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In order to investigate the effect of Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in Saffron rhizosphere on yield and nutrient uptake, a study has been conducted as split plot factorial based on a completely randomized design with three replications in the institute of Soil and Water research in Karaj, during 2017-2020. The treatment is consisted of irrigation regime as the main factor in three levels (complete irrigation as control, water interruption at the beginning of the growing season (mild restriction water), and water interruption at the beginning and in the middle of the growing season (severe restriction water)), sowing media in three levels (no organic fertilizer, vermicompost (20 ton ha-1), and biochar (10 ton ha-1) and Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal in three levels (no application, isolate a, and isolate b) as the subfactor. Based on the molecular findings, both isolates, isolated from saffron rhizosphere, belong to Rhizophagus irregularis. Results from this study show that the highest fresh yield of flowers, i.e. phosphorus and potassium in the leaves of 7.76 g per pot, 1032.4.4 and 24876.8 mg kg-1, respectively, belongs to the complete irrigation× biochar× strain b treatment. Complete irrigation× vermicompost× strain b treatment has had the highest percentage of nitrogen (1.757) in the leaves. The highest fresh and dried yield of stigma (0.358 and 0.062 gr per pot, respectively) has been observed in complete irrigation × biochar treatment. Identification of native mycorrhizal fungi and its production as well as the use of organic fertilizers can play an important role in sustainable production of this plant.
Mohammad Khademi; Faezeh Zaefarian; Shahram Nazari; Mohammad Ali Esmaeili
Abstract
To investigate the effect of seed priming on emergence characteristics, root morphological growth, and phenological trends of rice in direct seeding, an experiment has been conducted in Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University within 2019. The study is conducted as factorial in a randomized ...
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To investigate the effect of seed priming on emergence characteristics, root morphological growth, and phenological trends of rice in direct seeding, an experiment has been conducted in Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University within 2019. The study is conducted as factorial in a randomized complete block design with three replications. The factors include Tarom Hashemi and Shiroudi cultivars and priming at five levels, namely hydropriming (for 48 hours), calcium chloride, and potassium chloride priming (Ψs -1.25 MPa), ascorbate acid (10 mg l-1), and control (no priming). The effect of priming on emergence percentage shows that the highest amount of this trait belongs to 90% in priming with calcium chloride, which is not significantly different from priming with potassium chloride and water. The rate of emergence of priming with calcium chloride, potassium chloride, and water has increased by 50%, 36%, and 29%, respectively. Results show that priming with calcium chloride, potassium chloride, ascorbate acid, and water has increased by 55%, 50%, 33%, and 38% of the plant height and by 48%, 29%, 12%, and 25% of plant dry weight, respectively. In Shiroudi and Tarom Hashemi cultivars, the time required for the onset of tillering has been 27.40 and 24.53 days; panicle appearance, 90.4 and 53.87 days; flowering, 100.53 and 70.87 days; and maturity 132.26 and 94.61 days, respectively. The least time required for panicle appearance and flowering is observed in priming with calcium chloride, although this has not been significantly different from other priming, and decreased by 11.17 and 7.5 days to the control, respectively.
maryam sadegh; Faezeh Zaefarian; Vahid Akbarpour; mostafa emadi
Abstract
In order to determine the rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) dry matter and weeds under different fertilizer sources, an experiment was conducted as a split plot in a randomized complete block design with three replications at Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University in 2016. The ...
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In order to determine the rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) dry matter and weeds under different fertilizer sources, an experiment was conducted as a split plot in a randomized complete block design with three replications at Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University in 2016. The treatments consisted of: competition between plants and weeds (weedy check and weed free) as the main factor, and sub factor was fertilizer sources included sheep manure, vermicompost, sheep manure + vermicompost, NPK chemical fertilizer (N 46%, P2O5 46%, K2O 50%), NPK nano fertilizer and control (no fertilizer). The results showed that interference with weeds caused rosemary shift the maximum dry matter to the upper layers of canopy (20-40 cm). While in weed free treatment, rosemary had higher ability and uniformity in dry matter distribution in the two primary canopy layers compared to competition with weeds. In this regard, vermicompost treatment was successful with a mean of 49.51 g plant-1. Studies on density and weed biomass showed that the use of vermicompost (treatment 2) reduced density and biomass of weeds, while the chemical fertilizer caused the highest weed density and biomass. The results showed that the use of organic fertilizers such as vermicompost, not only reduce the use of chemical fertilizers and do not have environmental consequences, but also have the high ability to suppress weeds growth and decrease weed density and biomass.
Faezeh Zaefarian; Vahid Akbarpour; Maryam Habibi; Mohammad Kaveh
Abstract
In order to investigate the effect of biochar and biological fertilizer on photosynthetic pigments, yield and nutrient content of peppermint (Mentha piperita L.), an experiment was conducted as factorial based on a randomized complete block design in three replications at Sari Agricultural Sciences and ...
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In order to investigate the effect of biochar and biological fertilizer on photosynthetic pigments, yield and nutrient content of peppermint (Mentha piperita L.), an experiment was conducted as factorial based on a randomized complete block design in three replications at Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University in 2017. Treatment consisted biochar on two level (0 and 10 ton ha-1) and organic and biological fertilizers on five level (no fertilizer (F0), vermicompost (10 ton ha-1) (F1), Pseudomonas fluorescens (F2), Azotobacter (F3) and Arbuscular mycorrhizal (Glomus mosseae, G. intradicces and G. etunicatum) (F4)). The results of this study showed that the main effect of biochar and bio-fertilizer had a significant effect on leaf, stem and total fresh weight of the plant. In addition, the use of biochar and also mycorrhiza treatment increased average of leaf fresh weight (294.73 and 306.8 g.m-2), stem fresh weight (366.73 and 361.15 g.m-2) and total fresh weight (661.46 and 667.95 g.m-2). The interaction effect of treatments had a significant effect on leaf, stem and total dry weight. The highest rate of these traits was observed in biochar treatment with mycorrhiza, which had no significant effect with by a combination of vermicompost + biochar. Therefore, with respect to the production of medicinal plants in the low-input cropping systems, environmental protection, and achievement of sustainable agricultural to improve plant growth and photosynthesis of peppermint application of biochar + mycorrhiz and biochar + vermicompost treatment is recommended.
Faezeh Zaefarian; Milad Bagheri Shirvan
Abstract
In order to assess soybean, sweet basil and borage yield intercropping system, an experiment wasconducted based on randomized complete blocks design with 9 treatments and three replicates in 2011.Treatments were consisted of replacement ratios of 75: 25, 50: 50, 25: 75 soybean: sweet basil and borageand ...
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In order to assess soybean, sweet basil and borage yield intercropping system, an experiment wasconducted based on randomized complete blocks design with 9 treatments and three replicates in 2011.Treatments were consisted of replacement ratios of 75: 25, 50: 50, 25: 75 soybean: sweet basil and borageand pure culture of each plant. The results showed that the first pod in 75: 25 soybean: borage and solecropping of soybean observed to be positioned at upper height than other treatments. The node number ofstem was more in intercropping treatments than sole crop. In intercropping treatments, the pod numberper plant except 25: 75 soybean: borage and seed number per plant except 25: 75 and 50: 50 soybean:borage was higher than sole crop. Seed yield and biological yield was decreased by increasing sweet basiland borage proportions in intercrop except 75: 25 soybean: sweet basil. The seed yield and dry weight ofplant of intercropping was higher than pure culture of soybean. Yield of sweet basil in both growth periodand also seed yield of borage was decreased through increasing soybean presence. Area-time equivalentratio indicated 9, 11 and 14 percent advantages of the 75: 25 soybean and sweet basil and borage ratio and50: 50 soybean and borage compared to monoculture, respectively.