Fatemeh Rashidi; Nadali Bagheri; NadAli Babaiean Jelodar; Ali Dehestani Kolagar
Abstract
Objective: considering the importance of early maturityin canola, this research was carried out in order to identify important agronomic traits related to seed yield and to early with high-yielding cultivars in Brassica genus.
Methods: The genetic materials examined in this research included 100 genotypes ...
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Objective: considering the importance of early maturityin canola, this research was carried out in order to identify important agronomic traits related to seed yield and to early with high-yielding cultivars in Brassica genus.
Methods: The genetic materials examined in this research included 100 genotypes of six species of Brassica genus (B. napus, B. juncea, B. nigra, B. rapa, B. carinata and B. oleracea) were planted in two repetitions in the form of a lattice square design in the research fields of University of Agricultural Sciences and Resources Natural Sari.
Results: The results of variance analysis showed that the studied genotypes have very significant differences with each other in terms of all agricultural traits. The results of mean comparison showed that genotypes from B. napus species has the highest yield and genotypes from B. rapa species has the shortest days to ripening with the lowest yield. The analysis of genetic correlations for all species revealed that yield of seed had a significant positive correlation with days to ripening, silique number per plant, thousand grian weight and grian number in silique. Results of stepwise regression analysis revealed that silique number per plant, 1000-grain weight, number of silique per plant and days to maturity had significantly effects on grain yield.The result of factor analysis showed three independent factors that explained 92% of the total variability, which were named ‘productivity’, ‘phenology’, and ‘thousand grian weight’, respectively.
Conclusion: According to all three factors,B. napus, best species and Janetzika,Liragold,Hayola 401andHayola 308 from B. napus species, were identified as the best cultivars concerning seed yield and early maturity.
Faezeh Heidari; Jalal Jalilian; esmaeil gholinezhad
Abstract
Objective: Regarding the importance of nutritional management in saline conditions and the need to investigate the nutritional aspects of the new quinoa crop, this research was conducted with the aim of investigating the effect of different levels of salinity stress and different nano fertilizers on ...
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Objective: Regarding the importance of nutritional management in saline conditions and the need to investigate the nutritional aspects of the new quinoa crop, this research was conducted with the aim of investigating the effect of different levels of salinity stress and different nano fertilizers on the morphological characteristics and quantitative and qualitative characteristics of quinoa forage.
Methods: This experiment was conducted on factorial experimental based on a completely randomized design with three replications in the research field of Urmia University during 2017-2018. The first factor was salinity stress with water of Lake Urmia at three levels (0, 16, 32 dS m-1) and the second factor was nano-fertilizer at five levels (potassium, zinc calcium, silica, and no foliar application (control)).
Results: The results showed that the highest and lowest values of plant height, leaf dry weight and inflorescence dry weight were obtained from the treatment without salinity stress and salinity stress at 32 dS m-1, respectively. Salinity stress at 32 and 16 ds/m, compared to the control, increased crude protein (5% and 3%), soluble carbohydrates (15% and 14%), acid detergent fiber (23% and 7%), neutral detergent fiber (20% and 5%) and crude fiber (10% and 5%), respectively, while it reduced the total ash (27% and 17%) and dry matter digestibility (22% and 8%). Also, foliar application of nano-fertilizers improved forage quality traits such as crude protein, total ash, dry matter digestibility and soluble carbohydrate content and unfavorable qualitative traits such as neutral detergent fiber, acid detergent fiber and crude fiber decreased.
Conclusion: Therefore, in order to improve the growth, increase the quality of quinoa forage, and reduce the effects of salinity stress, foliar application with various nano-fertilizers, especially calcium nano-fertilizer, is highly recommended.
Forough Fallahi; Vahid Abdossi; Mahmoud Bagheri; Marzieh Ghanbari Jahromi; Hamid Mozaffari
Abstract
In order to select suitable parents for breeding purposes, one must have sufficient knowledge of genetic diversity and germplasm classification. It was for this reason that a study was conducted in 2019 at the Seed and Plant Research Institute in Karaj in order to identify and classify 17 eggplant genotypes ...
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In order to select suitable parents for breeding purposes, one must have sufficient knowledge of genetic diversity and germplasm classification. It was for this reason that a study was conducted in 2019 at the Seed and Plant Research Institute in Karaj in order to identify and classify 17 eggplant genotypes based on the randomized complete block design. This stud measured 19 morphological traits such as number of days to flowering, plant height, number of stems per plant, number of nodes, and internodes, weight, and fruit yield as well as total phenol content, total anthocyanin content and glico-aldeid solasonin. The results of the analysis of variance revealed a significant difference for all the traits (p≤0.01). The range of variation showed great genetic diversity among cultivars, which can be useful for different breeding purposes, lower plant height to prevent dormancy. Greater number of stems and flowers are important to achieve higher yield, wherein 13321 genotypes showed lower height among genotypes. Cluster analysis classified the studied genotypes into three groups, and separated white eggplants from colored ones correctly. The PCA also confirmed the results of cluster analysis, showing that the color eggplants had more fruit yield, lower levels of solasonine, and lower days to maturity than white eggplants. However, the color eggplants that were used in this research were breeding cultivars; therefore, the use of breeding methods would be important to improve the quality and quantitative of eggplant genotypes.
Faezeh Heidari; Jalal Jalilian; esmaeil gholinezhad
Abstract
This experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of foliar application different nano-fertilizers on modulating negativeeffectsof salt stress on quinoa, in factorial experiment based on completely randomized design with three replications in the research farm of Urmia University in the pot during ...
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This experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of foliar application different nano-fertilizers on modulating negativeeffectsof salt stress on quinoa, in factorial experiment based on completely randomized design with three replications in the research farm of Urmia University in the pot during 2018. The first factor was salinity of irrigation water using (Lake Urmia water at three levels: 0, 16 and 32 dS/m and the second factor was nano-fertilizers at five levels: calcium, silicon, zinc, potassium and control (no foliar application). The results showed that salinity stress caused negative effects on all traits affecting quinoa growth. The highest decrease in traits was observed in salinity stress of 32 dS/m. Salinity stress of 32 and 16 dS/m compared to control decreased plant height (20 and 17%), inflorescence number (48 and 36%), root volume (44 and 40%), main root length (41 and 23%), root dry weight (68 and 30%), relative leaf water content (26 and 13%), chlorophyll index (15 and 7%) and 1000-seed weight (31 and 23%), respectively; but increased ionic leakage by 14 and 6%, respectively. Foliar application with nano-fertilizer compared to control increased the yield, yield components and morphological traits. The highest seed yield was obtained under optimum conditions and severe salinity stress (32 dS/m) by foliar application with nano-fertilizer of zinc and silicon, respectively. Under severe salinity stress, foliar application with nano-fertilizer of silicon compared to non-foliar application increased the dry weight of inflorescences, total dry weight and seed yield by 35%, 16% and 43%, respectively, and moderated the effects of salinity stress. Foliar application with nano-fertilizer via enhancing chlorophyll index, relative leaf water content and improving root characteristics, led to increase yield and seed yield components of quinoa. Therefore, it seems that foliar application of nano-fertilizers is suitable to improve the yield of quinoa especially in salinity stress conditions.
Dariush Talei; Reza Sharifi; Mahdi Pirsalehi
Abstract
In order to investigate the morpho-physiological responses of Purslane plant to methyl jasmonate under salinity stress a split plot based on a completely randomized design with two factors and three replications was carried out in medicinal plants research center, Shahed University, Tehran during 2017. ...
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In order to investigate the morpho-physiological responses of Purslane plant to methyl jasmonate under salinity stress a split plot based on a completely randomized design with two factors and three replications was carried out in medicinal plants research center, Shahed University, Tehran during 2017. The factors were, salinity with four levels (0, 3, 6 and 9 dS/m) as a main factor and methyl jasmonate with four levels (0, 0.25, 0.5 and 0.75 mM) as a sub factor. The results showed that by increasing salinity levels, the growth indices such as root length, fresh weight of root, chlorophyll b, total chlorophyll and the amount of superoxide dismutase decreased, while by increasing the salinity levels the proline content and the activity of catalase and MDA in the leaf increased. Applying methyl jasmonate under salinity stress reduced the growth indices and photosynthetic pigments. The highest number of branches, number of leaves and chlorophyll b was obtained at 6 dS/m salinity and 0.5 mM methyl jasmonate. By increasing methyl jasmonate level, the proline content and the activity of CAT increased, while the amount of MDA and SOD enzymes decreased. Therefore, it can be concluded that the is the tolerance of Portulaca oleracea plant to salinity was up to six dS/m, and consuming low amounts of methyl jasmonate can improve yield and physiological indices in Purslane.
Peyman Mohammadzadeh Toutounchi; Reza Amirinia
Abstract
In order to investigate effect of foliar application of some micronutrients on the yield and yield components of fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum L.), an experiment was conducted based on randomized complete block design with eight treatments and three replications at the Research Farm of West Azarbaijan ...
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In order to investigate effect of foliar application of some micronutrients on the yield and yield components of fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum L.), an experiment was conducted based on randomized complete block design with eight treatments and three replications at the Research Farm of West Azarbaijan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Station in 2012. Treatments were control, iron, zinc, manganese, iron + zinc, iron + manganese, zinc + manganese and iron + zinc + manganese. These elements were supplied from iron sulfate, zinc sulfate and manganese sulfate and were sprayed 3 mg lit-1 concentration. The results showed that there was a statistically significant difference between spraying of micronutrients and control. Maximum plant height (40.68 cm), number of lateral branches (6.76), number of pod per plant (25.73), number of grain per pod (15.36), 1000-grain weight (14.99 gr) and grain yield (857.62 kg.ha-1) were related to spraying of iron + zinc + manganese. It is concluded that foliar application of iron + zinc + manganese improves growth and yield characteristics of fenugreek.
Mohammad Rabiee; Mehrdad Jilani; Shahram Karimy
Abstract
In order to investigate the effect of consumption of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers on harvest indices and some important agronomic traits of Triticale (Triticosecale wittmack var. Javaniloo), a factorial experiment based on the randomized complete block design with three replications ...
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In order to investigate the effect of consumption of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers on harvest indices and some important agronomic traits of Triticale (Triticosecale wittmack var. Javaniloo), a factorial experiment based on the randomized complete block design with three replications was conducted in paddy field of Rice Research Institute of Iran (Rasht) during 2010-2012 for two years. The first factor was nitrogen in five levels: zero, 50, 100, 150 and 200 kg.ha-1 in the form of urea and phosphorus in four levels: zero, 50, 100 and 150 kg.ha-1 in the form of superphosphate. Results showed that among the nitrogen levels, the treatments of 200 and 150 kg.ha-1 had maximum grain yield (3000.5 and 2999.7 kg.ha-1, respectively), protein yield (442.7 and 449.5 kg.ha-1, respectively) and biological yield (13318 and 12525 kg.ha-1, respectively). Among the levels of phosphorus fertilizer, the treatment of 150 kg.ha-1 showed maximum grain yield (2971.0 kg.ha-1), protein yield (434.4 kg.ha-1) and biological yield (12375 kg.ha-1). Also results showed none of the nitrogen levels had the highest phosphorus and potassium indices. Moreover, with the increasing of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium indices were reduced. Based on the obtained results, the treatments of 150 kg.ha-1 nitrogen and 150 kg.ha-1 phosphorus are recommended for cultivating triticale in Guilan area due to high grain and protein yields.
Jalal Jalilian
Abstract
To determine the effect of farm slopes on yield and some agronomic traits of wheat under different fertilizer treatments, an experiment was performed as split plot based on randomized complete block design with three replications in Piranshahr in 2011-2012. Treatments consisted of farm slope at four ...
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To determine the effect of farm slopes on yield and some agronomic traits of wheat under different fertilizer treatments, an experiment was performed as split plot based on randomized complete block design with three replications in Piranshahr in 2011-2012. Treatments consisted of farm slope at four levels: (zero, 3, 6 and 10 %) as the main plots and combination of different fertilizer at five levels: (control, application of biofertiliozer (Nitroxin), manure, chemicals (N and P) and integration of biological, manure and chemical as sub plots. Results showed that the highest (7.67 t/ha) and lowest (3.68 t/ha) seed yield obtained from farm slope 0 and 10%, respectively. In fact, with increasing of the farm slope, the yield components decreased which lead to 52% and 38% reduction in grain yield and total biomass of plants located on a slope of 10 percent than the control plants. Also, the applications of integrated fertilizer treatments had the most effect on morphological traits and yield components of wheat that increased 12.58 and 13.58 percent the seed yield and total biomass compared to the control plants.
Samaneh Kiani; Mohammad Reza Moradi Telavat; Seyed Ataollah siadat; Ali Reza Abdali Mashhadi; Mohsen Sari
Abstract
In order to investigate the yield and quality of forage in intercropping barley and fennel, an experiment was carried out as split plot based on a randomized complete block design with three replications at the research farm of Agriculture and Natural Resources of Ramin University during growing season ...
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In order to investigate the yield and quality of forage in intercropping barley and fennel, an experiment was carried out as split plot based on a randomized complete block design with three replications at the research farm of Agriculture and Natural Resources of Ramin University during growing season of 2012-2013. Four treatments levels of nitrogen including: (0, 70, 140 and 210 kgN.ha-1) have been taken into account as main plots and the planting ratios in five levels (pure culture barley and fennel), (75% barley + 25% fennel), (50% barley + 50% fennel), (25% barley + 75% fennel) as sub-plots. Results showed that the highest dry and fresh forage yield, respectively, 53380 and 8271 kgN.ha-1 were obtained from treatments pure cultures of fennel with level of 210 kgN.ha-1 and 50percent barley + 50percent fennel with level of 210 kgN.ha-1. Morphological traits included height of barley and fennel, number of branches for fennel were positive affected nitrogen 140 kg.The highest percent crude protein with 25.7 percent was obtained from pure cultures of fennel with 210 kgN.ha-1 .Also, maximum crude protein yield (1528.2 kgN.ha-1) and land equivalent ratio (LER=1.16) were obtained from 50percent barley+50percent fennel with level of 210 kgN.ha-1 respectively. The authenticator results of aforesaid inspections enhance the forage yield and quality in treatment 50 percent barley+50percent fennel with level of 210 kg N.ha-1
Shadab Faramarzi; Abbas Yadollahi; Hassan Hajnajari; Abdolali Shojaeean; Sima Damyar
Abstract
Study of morphological traits of red fleshed apples is a critical step to improve the quality andcommercializing of them. In order to study genetic diversity of Iranian red fleshed apples, a total of 17morphological characteristics were assessed for eight genotypes of red- fleshed (‘Haji Qermez’, ...
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Study of morphological traits of red fleshed apples is a critical step to improve the quality andcommercializing of them. In order to study genetic diversity of Iranian red fleshed apples, a total of 17morphological characteristics were assessed for eight genotypes of red- fleshed (‘Haji Qermez’, ‘GoushtQermez’, ‘Shahroud-10’, ‘Arous Gousht Qermz’, ‘B.9’, ‘Qazvin 1, 2, 3’) and 12 Iranian and foreigncommercial cultivars (‘Shafei’, ‘Golab Kohanz’, ‘Jonathan’, ‘Golden Delicious’, ‘Granny Smith’,‘Soltani Shabestar’, ‘Fuji’, ‘Red Delicious’, ‘Heydar Zadeh’, ‘Golab Sahneh’, ‘Gala’, and ‘Shafi Abadi’).Dendrogram resulting cluster analysis of the data classified all genotypes into 7 groups. All Iranian andforeign cultivars were located in distinct groups. The results showed that Iranian red fleshed apples weredifferent in their flesh color. This research can be very useful for introducing theses cultivars to market orusing in breeding programs.