Mohammad-Tayyeb Bayazidi-Aghdam; Jalal Jalilian; hamid Mohammadi
Abstract
One of the most important goals of cultivating medicinal plants is to improve their essential oil content, which will be affected by environmental factors such as water deficit stress and nutritional stress conditions. In this regard, a three-year split plot study has been done as a randomized complete ...
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One of the most important goals of cultivating medicinal plants is to improve their essential oil content, which will be affected by environmental factors such as water deficit stress and nutritional stress conditions. In this regard, a three-year split plot study has been done as a randomized complete block design with three replications in Urmia University at the 2014-2017 cropping years. The main factors include irrigation regimes in three levels (normal irrigation, supplementary irrigation, and rainfed conditions), and the sub-factor at six levels include fertilizer resources {biofertilizer (Azotobaror 1 + Phosphate-Barvar 2), complete chemical fertilizer and complete Nano fertilizer with and without vermicompost. Sampling and analysis of traits are performed in the cropping year 2016-2017 (third year of planting). Compared to normal irrigation, the results show that supplementary irrigation and rainfed treatments while reducing the concentration of nitrogen (14.94% and 7.72%), phosphorus (31.20% and 37.71%), potassium (11.58% and 9.14%), copper (14.27% and 28.96%), and total dry weight (33.22% and 56.14%), increase the concentration of iron (8.08% and 66.05%), zinc (16.82% and 7.16%), and essential oil yield (25.32% and 37.11%) of thyme, respectively. Combined application of nano fertilizer with vermicompost under normal irrigation conditions, and application of nano fertilizer in supplementary and rainfed irrigation conditions has improved essential oil yield by 2.7%, 3.39%, and 3.78%, respectively. In general, the improvement of essential oil yield in water deficit stress, during the application of nano fertilizer, indicates the efficiency of this fertilizer in providing nutrients and achieving sustainable agricultural goals.
mohammad kaveh; mohammad ali esmaili; Hemmatollah Pirdashti; Mohammad Reza Ardakani
Abstract
The present study investigates the effect of combined application of biochar, Azospirillium lipofrom bacteria and nitrogen in two flooding and intermittent irrigation methods on yield and yield components of rice (Oryza sativa L. cv. ‘Tarom Hashemi’). The experiment is done in split-split ...
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The present study investigates the effect of combined application of biochar, Azospirillium lipofrom bacteria and nitrogen in two flooding and intermittent irrigation methods on yield and yield components of rice (Oryza sativa L. cv. ‘Tarom Hashemi’). The experiment is done in split-split plot arrangement based on a complete randomized block design with three replications at the research farm of Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University between two consecutive years of 2017 and 2018. The treatments are two irrigation methods (flooding and alternation irrigation regimes) as main plot and nine fertilizers levels (100%, 75%, and 50% nitrogen in combination with control (without biochar), 20 and 10 tons of biochar per hectare) and seedling inoculation with Azospirillum lipoferum (inoculation and non-inoculated control) as sub and sub-sub plots, respectively. According to the significance of the studied factors’ effects on the measured traits, application of 20 tons of biochar along with 75% to 100% of the recommended nitrogen show the greatest impact on rice yield and yield components in both intermittent and flooding irrigation methods. Since, the effectiveness of biochar in imtermittent irrigation is more significant, it can be concluded that the application of 20 tons of biochar per hectare plus 75% to 100% of the recommended nitrogen could greatly compensate the yield reduction due to reduced water consumption in intermittent irrigation, compared to the flooding irrigation.
Abbas Keshtehgar; Mahdi Dahmardeh; Behrooz Keshtegar; Ahmad Ghanbari; Issa Khammari
Abstract
To evaluate the production of mashhadi melon (Khatouni cultivar) under different management of fertilizer levels and vermicompost bed, this study has been conducted as a factorial experiment in the form of a randomized complete block design with three replications during the spring of 2020 crop year ...
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To evaluate the production of mashhadi melon (Khatouni cultivar) under different management of fertilizer levels and vermicompost bed, this study has been conducted as a factorial experiment in the form of a randomized complete block design with three replications during the spring of 2020 crop year as two separate designs in Fariman and Zahak counties. Application of fertilizers in six levels include non-use of fertilizer (control), cow manure, sheep manure, nanobiomic foliar application, silicone foliar application, and complete application of chemical fertilizer as the first factor and four different levels of vermicompost include non-use of vermicompost (control), 5, 10, and 15 tons per hectare as the second factor. Results show that the highest fruit yield, total titration, percentage of nitrogen, phosphorus, fruit potassium, and fruit flesh thickness in both Fariman and Zahak counties are obtained from nanobiomic foliar application under 15 tons per hectare of vermicompost. Also, the highest percentage of total soluble solids in Fariman county is observed jointly in the treatment of sheep manure and the treatment of chemical fertilizers and Zahak county in the treatment of non-use of fertilizer (control) under 10 tons per hectare of vermicompost. In Fariman County, results of cow manure, sheep manure, nanobiomic, silicon, and chemical fertilizers at the levels of 10 tons and 15 tons per hectare of vermicompost has not shown any significant difference. Therefore, with less consumption of vermicompost, to achieve the desired amount of yield, fruit texture characteristics, and nutrient uptake, nanobiomic foliar application under 10 tons per hectare of vermicompost is recommended for melon cultivation in Fariman County.
Sajad Sheikhpour; Alireza Sirousmehr; Barat Ali Fakheri
Abstract
In order to study the effects of nitrogen rates and nitroxin inoculation levels on quantitative traits of borage, a field experiment was conducted as split plots arrangement based on a randomized complete block design with three replications during growing season 2011-2012. Treatments consisted of four ...
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In order to study the effects of nitrogen rates and nitroxin inoculation levels on quantitative traits of borage, a field experiment was conducted as split plots arrangement based on a randomized complete block design with three replications during growing season 2011-2012. Treatments consisted of four nitrogen rates (0, 50, 100 and 150 kg/ha) and three nitroxin amounts (0, 0.5 L/ha Seed inoculation and 0.5 L/ha as a foliar application) which were allocated to main plots and sub plots, respectively. Result indicated that the treatments had significant effects on plant height, stem height, number of leaves, number of flowers per plant, number of branches, the yield of inflorescence and total dry yield of borage. The highest plant was related 100 kg/ha nitrogen + seed inoculation and the lowest value was achieved control. There was a significant interaction between nitrogen and nitroxin due to most traits. The highest inflorescence yield (1168.11 kg/ha) and yield of the plant (9294.01 kg/ha) were achieved by using 100kg/ha nitrogen + seed inoculation, which was 50% higher than the control.
Mohammad Ghasem Jami; Amir Ghalavand; Seyed Ali Mohammad Modares Sanavy
Abstract
To decrease the use of chemical fertilizers and improving the yield and yield components of sunflower, a field experiment was conducted at the Research Farm of Tarbiat Modares University in 2014 and 2105. Three irrigation regimes (irrigation after depleting 40, 60 and 80% of soil water at field capacity ...
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To decrease the use of chemical fertilizers and improving the yield and yield components of sunflower, a field experiment was conducted at the Research Farm of Tarbiat Modares University in 2014 and 2105. Three irrigation regimes (irrigation after depleting 40, 60 and 80% of soil water at field capacity (FC)), three soil fertility systems (100% farmyard manure (35% chicken manure + 65% sheep manure), 50% farmyard manure + 50% chemical fertilizer and 100% chemical fertilizer (urea)) and three zeolite rates (0, 5 and 10 ton ha-1) were studied in a split factorial arranged in a randomized complete block design with three replications, with irrigation regimes as the main plots, and factorial combination of the other two factors as the subplots. Over two experimental years, there were significant increases in grain yield and water use efficiency by applying either 100% farmyard manure (28.2 + 14.6 ton sheep + chicken manure ha-1, respectively) or integrated fertilizer (14.1 + 7.3 ton sheep + chicken manure ha-1, respectively plus 65 kg urea ha-1) with 5 or 10 ton zeolite ha-1 under all irrigation treatments. Based on the results, irrigation after depleting 40% of soil water at FC was revealed as a most performance of all treatment combinations. The highest oil and protein concentrations of grain were obtained with zeolite application under non-stress conditions. Chemical fertilizer application increased grain protein concentration, while organic manure increased grain oil concentration.
Mehrdad Ranjbar; Hadi Ghorbani; Mehdi Ghajar Sepanlou
Abstract
In order to investigate the effect of long-term application of Municipal Solid Waste Compostand chemical fertilizer on concentration of macro elements (N, P and K) in the soil and rice, an experiment was carried out as a randomized complete blocks design with three replications and 14 fertilizer treatments ...
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In order to investigate the effect of long-term application of Municipal Solid Waste Compostand chemical fertilizer on concentration of macro elements (N, P and K) in the soil and rice, an experiment was carried out as a randomized complete blocks design with three replications and 14 fertilizer treatments in 2014. Fertilizer treatments included the control (without fertilizer and organic fertilizer), fertilizer treatments (based on the soil analysis), and treatments of 15, 30 and 45 tons of municipal solid waste compost per hectare as simple form along with 1/4, 2/4 and 3/4 of chemical fertilizer. Results showed that 7-year application of municipal solid waste compost increased significantly the concentration of some macro nutrients (nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium) in soil and rice grain compared with the control treatment (P<0.01). The highest concentration of macro elements in soil was obtained in 45 tons of municipal solid waste compost plus 75% fertilizer treatment, which showed 73.68% increase in nitrogen concentration, 230% increase in the concentration of phosphorus and 30.74% increase in potassium concentration in comparison to the control treatment. The highest concentration of potassium element in rice grain was obtained 45 tons in municipal solid waste compost plus 75% fertilizer treatment. The lowest concentration of macro elements was in soil and rice in the control treatment and chemical fertilizer. Finally, Municipal Solid waste compost can be combined for fertilizer to increase the concentration of some macro elements in soil and rice.
Simin Faraji; Mohamad Rafieiolhossaini; Ali Abasi Soorki
Abstract
In order to study the effect of solitary and combined application of two types of green manure, cow manure, Barvar-2 phosphate fertilizer and conventional chemical fertilizer on some of the qualitative and quantitativeproperties of sugar beet, an experiment was conducted at the research farm of Shahrekord ...
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In order to study the effect of solitary and combined application of two types of green manure, cow manure, Barvar-2 phosphate fertilizer and conventional chemical fertilizer on some of the qualitative and quantitativeproperties of sugar beet, an experiment was conducted at the research farm of Shahrekord University in 2013. The experimental design was randomized in a complete block design with three replications and 12 treatments including: 1- control, 2-Pisum + Triple Super Phosphate (TSPh), 3-Lathyrus + TSPh, 4-Barvar-2 phosphate + Urea, 5-Cow manure (Cm) + TSPh, 6-Conventional manure, 7-Pisum + Barvar-2 phosphate, 8- Lathyrus + Barvar- phosphate 2, 9-Pisum + Cm + TSPh, 10-Lathyrus + Cm + TSPh, 11-Pisum + Cm + Barvar-2 phosphate and 12-Lathyrus + Cm + Barvar-2 phosphate. The results showed that fertilizer treatments had a significant effect on root yield, sugar yield, white sugar yield and harmful nitrogen whereas combined treatments of 8, 10, 11 and 2 had the highest means for root yield, sugar yield and white sugar yield. Application of green manure, farm yard manure and their combinations along with Barvar phosphate biological fertilizer increased root yield of sugar beet between 10-18 and 32-68 percent compared with conventional chemical fertilizer and control, respectively. The lowest amount of harmful nitrogen was related to the treatments of 10 and 11. From the viewpoint of the other studied traits, combined treatments of organic and bio-fertilizers were quite acceptable.
Mohammad Rabiee; Mehrdad Jilani; Shahram Karimy
Abstract
In order to investigate the effect of consumption of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers on harvest indices and some important agronomic traits of Triticale (Triticosecale wittmack var. Javaniloo), a factorial experiment based on the randomized complete block design with three replications ...
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In order to investigate the effect of consumption of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers on harvest indices and some important agronomic traits of Triticale (Triticosecale wittmack var. Javaniloo), a factorial experiment based on the randomized complete block design with three replications was conducted in paddy field of Rice Research Institute of Iran (Rasht) during 2010-2012 for two years. The first factor was nitrogen in five levels: zero, 50, 100, 150 and 200 kg.ha-1 in the form of urea and phosphorus in four levels: zero, 50, 100 and 150 kg.ha-1 in the form of superphosphate. Results showed that among the nitrogen levels, the treatments of 200 and 150 kg.ha-1 had maximum grain yield (3000.5 and 2999.7 kg.ha-1, respectively), protein yield (442.7 and 449.5 kg.ha-1, respectively) and biological yield (13318 and 12525 kg.ha-1, respectively). Among the levels of phosphorus fertilizer, the treatment of 150 kg.ha-1 showed maximum grain yield (2971.0 kg.ha-1), protein yield (434.4 kg.ha-1) and biological yield (12375 kg.ha-1). Also results showed none of the nitrogen levels had the highest phosphorus and potassium indices. Moreover, with the increasing of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium indices were reduced. Based on the obtained results, the treatments of 150 kg.ha-1 nitrogen and 150 kg.ha-1 phosphorus are recommended for cultivating triticale in Guilan area due to high grain and protein yields.
sodabe norzad; Ahmad ahmadian; Mohammad Moghaddam; elham daneshfar
Abstract
To study the effect of drought stress during using organic and chemical fertilizers on morphological, agronomic traits and the essential oil of coriander, a field experiment was conducted as split plot based on randomized complete block design in three replications at Agricultural Research Station, College ...
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To study the effect of drought stress during using organic and chemical fertilizers on morphological, agronomic traits and the essential oil of coriander, a field experiment was conducted as split plot based on randomized complete block design in three replications at Agricultural Research Station, College of Agriculture, University of Torbat Heydarieh, Iran during growing season of 2010-2011. Treatments were consisted of three levels of drought stress (30, 60 and 90 percent FC) and fertilizer treatments [control, NPK (60: 60: 40), caw manure (25 ton/ha) and vermicompost (25 ton/ha)]. Different traits such as plant height stem diameter, number of branches, number of leaves per plant, fresh and dry weight, herbage yield and number of umbels per plant, number of seeds per umbel, total number of seeds in plant, fruit yield, 1000 seed weight and essential oil percentage and yield were recorded. Analysis of variance indicated that water stress and application of fertilizer treatment had significant effect on all studied trait. The maximum herbage yield (5371 kg/ha) and seed yield (3905 kg/ha) were achieved in 90 percent FC combined with NPK and mild stress under NPK treatment, respectively. The highest essential oil percentage (0.77 percent) and essential oil yield (18.49 kg/ha) were obtained in mild stress by using chemical fertilizers. According to the fact that application of fertilizers in mild stress conditions leads to increase in essential oils yield, using chemical fertilizers under mild drought stress is recommended for coriandering as a medicinal plant.
Fatemeh Sadeghi; Ali Tadayyon
Abstract
Due to importance of nitrogen on the agronomic traits of linseed oil, a factorial experiment was conducted in randomized complete block design with three replications at the field research station of Faculty of Agriculture at Shahrekord University in 2012. Five different treatments of fertilizer including ...
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Due to importance of nitrogen on the agronomic traits of linseed oil, a factorial experiment was conducted in randomized complete block design with three replications at the field research station of Faculty of Agriculture at Shahrekord University in 2012. Five different treatments of fertilizer including urea, azomin, nitroxin, supernitroplus and control (without nitrogen) as the first factor and three ectotype of Iranian, French and Canadian linseed as second factor were evaluted. The results showed that, ecotypes and fertilizer treatments had significant effects on the plant height, leaf number, number of lateral branches, number of capsule, shoot dry weight per plant and grain yield per m2. The maximum leaf number, number of lateral branches, number of capsule and shoot dry weight per plant were observed in French ecotype, while for the other traits, Iranian ecotype had priority. The traits measured under the chemical nitrogen treatment (urea) was greater than other fertilizer treatment. Although the resonse of linseed to biological and organic nitrogen was lower than chemical nitrogen but it was significantly higher than control. Thus, application of biological and organic nitrogen, due to less environmental pollution, is reasonable compare to chemical fertilizer.
zahra Ahmadabadi; Mehdi Ghajar Sepanlou; Mohammad Ali Bahmanyar
Volume 13, Issue 2 , March 2012, , Pages 1-12
Abstract
In order to investigate the effect of vermicompost (VC) application on amount of micro elements in soil and plant organs of the medicinal plant of Borage (Borago officinalis), an experiment was carried out in split plot based on complete randomized block design with three replications in the research ...
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In order to investigate the effect of vermicompost (VC) application on amount of micro elements in soil and plant organs of the medicinal plant of Borage (Borago officinalis), an experiment was carried out in split plot based on complete randomized block design with three replications in the research farm of the Sari University of Agricultural Science and Natural Resources. fertilizer treatments include two levels (20 and 40 tons per hectare) of VC, mix VC and fertilizers, fertilizers, (fertilizers include 100 kg/hac potassium sulfate, 100 kg/hc super phosphate and 150 kg/hc urea) and control (without fertilizer and vermicompost) and years of consumption: 2006, 2006 and 2008, 2006 and 2007, 2006, 2007 and 2009, 2006, 2007 and 2008 and 2006, 2007, 2008 and 2009. The results showed that fertilizer treatments had a significant effect on the rate of micro-elements in soil and plant. The years of consumption of fertilizer had a significant effect in all cases except the rate of Cu in the leaves and on the rate of Cu and Mn in petal. The interaction between the years of fertilizer consumption and fertilizer treatments on the rate of micro-elements absorbant in the soil were significantly different, where as significantly affected the Fe in the leaves and petals only. In conclusion, using vermicompost is recommended as an organic fertilizer.