Fatemeh Delavarnia; Faezeh Zaefarian; roghayeh hasanpour; Hemmatollah Pirdashti
Abstract
In order to evaluate the ability of forage sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L.) to remediate the heavy metal cadmium with biochar and Pseudomonas putida, a factorial experiment has been conducted based on completely randomized design accomplished in greenhouse conditions with four replications at Sari Agricultural ...
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In order to evaluate the ability of forage sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L.) to remediate the heavy metal cadmium with biochar and Pseudomonas putida, a factorial experiment has been conducted based on completely randomized design accomplished in greenhouse conditions with four replications at Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University, in the summer of 2019. Results show that the presence of cadmium in the medium of sorghum reduce the dry weight of root and shoot. However, adding biochar and bacterial inoculation significantly increase the mentioned traits. Bioconcentration factor and bioaccumulation factor have increased from 25 to 100 mg of cadmium, when the highest shoot bioaccumulation factor (2.31) is observed at a concentration of 100 mg Cd per kg soil and in the simultaneous application of Biochar and Pseudomonas putida, which is a significant increase of 28.33% compared to the control. The lowest translocation factor of sorghum (1.000) is related to non-application of biochar, non-inoculation of Pseudomonas putida and without cadmium contamination, itslef reduced by 20% compared to the control, while the highest translocation factor (1.94) is observed at a concentration of 25 mg of cadmium per kg of soil and treatment of non-application of biochar and non-inoculation of Pseudomonas putida. Plant tolerance index has decreased by increasing cadmium concentration, while the use of biochar and inoculation of Pseudomonas putida has increased this index when the highest tolerance index (1.22) is related to the treatment of combined use of biochar and bacteria with no cadmium, increased by 22% compared to non-application of biochar and non-inoculation bacteria. As the tolerance index of forage sorghum in all concentrations of cadmium is more than 0.60, this plant can be classified in the highly-tolerant group to the heavy metal cadmium stress and sorghum could be used for cadmium phytoremediation.
seyedeh roghaye hosseini valiki; Rahmat Abbasi; Hemmatollah Pirdashti; Vahid Akbarpour
Abstract
Weed infestation in arable lands is much more than one species. Thus, it is important to pay attention to the interaction of multy species of weeds. To study the effect of redroot pigweed (Amaranthus retroflexus L.) and barnyardgrass (Echinochloa crus-galli (L.) P. Beauv) interference on yield and essential ...
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Weed infestation in arable lands is much more than one species. Thus, it is important to pay attention to the interaction of multy species of weeds. To study the effect of redroot pigweed (Amaranthus retroflexus L.) and barnyardgrass (Echinochloa crus-galli (L.) P. Beauv) interference on yield and essential oil of fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Mill.), an experiment has been done in Research field of Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University during 2017. It has been arranged in a factorial arrangement based on randomized complete block design with three replications with the experimental factors being three densities of redroot pigweed (0, 4, and 8 plants m-2) and three densities of barnyardgrass (0, 4, and 8 plants m-2). The highest grain yield (2230 kg ha-1) and essential oil content (2 %) are obtained at weed free plots. The density of 8 redroot pigweed plants m-2 at simultaneous interference with 0, 4, and 8 barnyard grass m-2 reduce grain yield by 30.1%, 62.9%, and 75.7%, and essential oil content by 24.5%, 26.2%, and 29.5%, respectively, compared with weed free plots. The coefficient of redroot pigweed competitivity is predicted to be higher than barnyardgrass, and the interference of 14.5 barnyardgrass plants m-2 or 7.7 redroot pigweed plants m-2 decreases fennel grain yield by 50%.
mohammad kaveh; mohammad ali esmaili; Hemmatollah Pirdashti; Mohammad Reza Ardakani
Abstract
The present study investigates the effect of combined application of biochar, Azospirillium lipofrom bacteria and nitrogen in two flooding and intermittent irrigation methods on yield and yield components of rice (Oryza sativa L. cv. ‘Tarom Hashemi’). The experiment is done in split-split ...
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The present study investigates the effect of combined application of biochar, Azospirillium lipofrom bacteria and nitrogen in two flooding and intermittent irrigation methods on yield and yield components of rice (Oryza sativa L. cv. ‘Tarom Hashemi’). The experiment is done in split-split plot arrangement based on a complete randomized block design with three replications at the research farm of Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University between two consecutive years of 2017 and 2018. The treatments are two irrigation methods (flooding and alternation irrigation regimes) as main plot and nine fertilizers levels (100%, 75%, and 50% nitrogen in combination with control (without biochar), 20 and 10 tons of biochar per hectare) and seedling inoculation with Azospirillum lipoferum (inoculation and non-inoculated control) as sub and sub-sub plots, respectively. According to the significance of the studied factors’ effects on the measured traits, application of 20 tons of biochar along with 75% to 100% of the recommended nitrogen show the greatest impact on rice yield and yield components in both intermittent and flooding irrigation methods. Since, the effectiveness of biochar in imtermittent irrigation is more significant, it can be concluded that the application of 20 tons of biochar per hectare plus 75% to 100% of the recommended nitrogen could greatly compensate the yield reduction due to reduced water consumption in intermittent irrigation, compared to the flooding irrigation.
Samaneh Asadisanam; Mohsen Zavareh; Hematolah Pirdashti; Fatemeh Sefidkon; Ghorban Ali Nemat Zadeh
Abstract
Purple conefloweras top-selling medicinal plant is widely used in Europe and North America for the treatment of common cold. This experiment was conducted as a randomized complete block design in split plot arrangement with three replications in Research Farm of Genetics and Agricultural Biotechnology ...
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Purple conefloweras top-selling medicinal plant is widely used in Europe and North America for the treatment of common cold. This experiment was conducted as a randomized complete block design in split plot arrangement with three replications in Research Farm of Genetics and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute of Tabarestan in 2012-13. Experimental treatments included three transplanting dates (April 9, May 9 and June 8, 2013), and three plant population densities (7, 10 and 16 plant/m2) which considered as main and subplots, respectively. Results showed a relative compensatory effect of higher population density until 10 plants/m2, however, delayed planting resulted to decrease in total shoot, leaf (L) and stem (S) dry weights. It represents that the highest flower (F) dry weight (27.1 g/plant) was related to planting on May 9 with 10 plant/m2 density. Ratio of L/shoot was greater than S/Shoot than F/shoot dry weight. The highest (L+F)/Shoot ratio was related to the April and May planting dates while the highest S/Shoot ratio was related June’s planting date. Maximum total phenol content of leaves (51.1 mg of GAE/ g dry matter) and stems (35.9 mg of GAE/ g dry matter) were measured in plants cultivated on April 9 with a density of 10 plant/m2. The highest total phenolic content of flowers (56.5 mg of GAE/ g dry matter) was determined in plants cultivated on May 9 with a density of 10 plant/m2. Total phenol of flowers was greater in leaves than stems. Overall, it could be concluded that early planting of purple coneflower on April 9 with 10 plant/m2 density was suitable for leaf and stem dry weight and total phenol production, while the delayed planting until May 9 with a population density of 10 plant/m2 was favorite for flower as production of dry weight and total phenol, according to the experiment conditions
Zahra Noori Akandi; Hemmatollah Pirdashti; Yaser Yaghoubian; Valiollah Ghasemi Omran
Abstract
In order to evaluate the effect of Piriformospora indica fungi inoculation on antioxidant systems and photosynthetic pigments of Stevia under salt stress, an experiment was conducted in a factorial based completely randomized design with four replications under in vitro culture conditions. Factors include ...
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In order to evaluate the effect of Piriformospora indica fungi inoculation on antioxidant systems and photosynthetic pigments of Stevia under salt stress, an experiment was conducted in a factorial based completely randomized design with four replications under in vitro culture conditions. Factors include salinity at six levels (0, 50, 100, 150, 200 and 250 mM of NaCl) and inoculation of mycorrhizae like fungi at two levels (non-inoculated and inoculation with fungi). The results showed that the hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration and catalase (CAT) activity was increased linearly in control plants while in inoculated plants fitted by a segmented equation. Accordingly, in mild stress the activity of these enzymes were reduced. Chlorophyll a, b and a+b content changed as a segmented model in both inoculated and uninoculated plants. Carotenoid content, however, linearly decreased in both inoculated (slope of -0.007) and uninoculated (slope of -0.005) plants. In conclusion, the results indicated that P. indica, particularly in low levels of salt stress, could reduce hydrogen peroxide (by two percent up to 124 mM of NaCl) and malondialdehyde content (17 percent up to 50 mM of NaCl) which resulted in decreased antioxidant activities and improved photosynthetic pigments and relatively increased tolerance to salt stress in stevia plants.