Investigating and Comparing 49 Ecotypes of Dragon's Head (Lallemantia iberica Fisch. et Mey.) in Terms of Yield and Yield Components in East Azerbaijan Region

Shafagh-Kolvanagh, Jalil; Dabbagh Mohammadi Nassab, Adel; Raii, Yaegoob; Amani, Mina; Samimifar, Payvand

doi:10.22059/jci.2024.365786.2853

Investigating and Comparing 49 Ecotypes of Dragon's Head (Lallemantia iberica Fisch. et Mey.) in Terms of Yield and Yield Components in East Azerbaijan Region

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

Jalil Shafagh-Kolvanagh ¹

Adel Dabbagh Mohammadi Nassab ¹

Yaegoob Raii ¹

Mina Amani ²

Payvand Samimifar ³

¹ Professor of Plant Ecophysiology Department, Field of Crop Ecology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran.

² PhD Student in Production and Post-Harvest Physiology of Medicinal Plants, Department of Horticultural Science and Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran

³ Graduated Ph.D. in Crop Physiology, Department of Plant Ecophysiology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran.

https://doi.org/10.22059/jci.2024.365786.2853

Abstract

Objective: The significant importance of identifying, studying, evaluating, and conserving native ecotypes of medicinal plants as part of human heritage, along with the collection of cultivated medicinal plants and the ecological assessment of their native ecotypes, makes the introduction of their compatible ecotypes to farmers a necessity. The purpose of this research was to investigate the ecotypes of common Dragon's head in the region in terms of performance and performance components.
Methods: In order to evaluate the features related to the yield and yield components of 49 ecotypes of Dragon's head collected from different regions of the country, a research in the form of a randomized complete block design with 3 replications. The most important traits measured were the number of capsules in the main and secondary stems, the number of seeds per flower cycle in the main and secondary stems, the number of seeds per plant, the weight of 1000 seeds, biological yield, dry herbage yield and seed yield per unit area and seed harvest index.
Results: Based on the results of the mean comparison, the ecotypes from Alvar Bostanabad village with an average of 116.3 g/m², Tabriz 4 with an average of 107.7 g/m², and the local ecotype Kolavank 14 with an average of 101.7 g/m² had the highest grain yield per unit area. These results indicate the high potential of these ecotypes for grain production and their adaptability to the climatic and soil conditions of the region. The high performance of these ecotypes may be attributed to their genetic characteristics, adaptability to environmental conditions, and appropriate agricultural management. Additionally, the ecotype from Param 2 in Haris and the Zanjan ecotype achieved the highest thousand-grain weights, with averages of 418.5 g and 385.5 g, respectively, among the studied ecotypes. This characteristic not only reflects the high quality of the grains produced by these ecotypes but may also positively impact the final quality of the products and their marketability. Thousand-grain weight is an important indicator in assessing grain quality and can assist farmers in selecting the best ecotypes for cultivation.
Conclusion: Based on the results of this research, the ecotypes from Alvar Bostanabad village, Tabriz 4, and Kolvanagh14 have been identified as the best options in terms of grain yield. These ecotypes, by providing the highest grain yield per unit area, demonstrate their high adaptability to the environmental and climatic conditions of the Tabriz region. Additionally, the ecotypes Tabriz 3, Leilab Varzeqan village, and Alvar Bostanabad village exhibited the highest performance in terms of dry biomass yield and yield components. These results emphasize that these ecotypes can be recognized not only for grain production but also as the most suitable and compatible options for cultivation in the city of Tabriz. Identifying these ecotypes can assist farmers in selecting the best varieties for cultivation, leading to improved agricultural performance and increased productivity in the region. Overall, this research can serve as a solid foundation for future studies and agricultural planning aimed at enhancing agricultural production in the Tabriz area.

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Keywords

1000 grain weight

Biological yield

Dry herbage yield

Harvest index

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