morteza gorzin; farshid ghaderi-far; ebrahim zeinali; seyed esmaeil razavi; mohammad monyan ardestani
Abstract
This study was conducted to investigate the effects of planting date, foliar application of benomyl fungicide and potassium silicate in improving the quality of soybean (cv. Williams) seed in Gorgan during 2011 and 2012. In the first year (2011), the experimental treatments were including planting dates ...
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This study was conducted to investigate the effects of planting date, foliar application of benomyl fungicide and potassium silicate in improving the quality of soybean (cv. Williams) seed in Gorgan during 2011 and 2012. In the first year (2011), the experimental treatments were including planting dates (April 20, May 13, June 3, June 29 and July 22) and foliar application of benomyl fungicide (used at R3 + R6 or unused) and in the second year (2012) were including planting dates (May 1 and July 7), foliar application of benomyl fungicide, silicon (Si) and silicon + benomyl. Water-soluble potassium silicate as silicon supply, in three stages (V6, R1 and R4), at the concentration of 40 grams per liter was sprayed on the leaves. The results showed that an increase in air temperature during seed filling period (R5-R7) in the early planting dates is the most important factor in reducing seed quality. Also, a significant negative correlation was observed between seed infection by Phomopsis sp. and Nigrospora sp. and seed germination and vigor. Delayed planting by reducing the temperature during seed filling period and seed infection by this pathogenic fungi, increased seed quality. Foliar application of benomyl fungicide and potassium silicate by reducing seed infection by pathogenic fungi, improved the quality of soybean seeds. Thus, the delay in planting of precocious cv. Williams, foliar application of potassium silicate and benomyl fungicide in reproductive stages can be advised as the strategies to enhance the seed quality of this cultivar to the farmers and seed producers in Gorgan.
Ali Akbar Ghasemi; Hassan Hamidi; Jaber Arves; Ali Masomi
Abstract
In order to study the effects of salinity stress (made by sodium chloride and calcium chloride) andtemperature interaction on germination characteristics of hyssopus officinalis, an experiment was conducton factorial basis and in a completely randomized design with three replication at laboratory of ...
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In order to study the effects of salinity stress (made by sodium chloride and calcium chloride) andtemperature interaction on germination characteristics of hyssopus officinalis, an experiment was conducton factorial basis and in a completely randomized design with three replication at laboratory of KhorasanRazavi Agriclultural and Natural Resource Research Center in 2010. In this experiment, different osmoticpotentials (0, -3, -6 and -9 bar) and also different temperatures (20, 25, 30 and 35 centigrade degree) wereused. In this research, the percentage and rate of germination, the length of radicle and plumule, lengthratio of radicle and plumule and seed vigor characteristics has been measured. The results showed a verysignificant effect of salt levels, osmotic potential and temperature on the above characteristics. The meancomparison for percentage and rate of germination characteristics showed that calcium chloride with 63%and 7.11 respectively had a significant difference with sodium chloride with 50% and 1.70. The highestpercent and rate of germination were seen in -3 bar osmotic potential made by calcium chloride in 25centigrade degree. The highest length of radicle and vigor was in -3 bar osmotic potential made bycalcium chloride in 20 centigrade degree. The highest length of plumule was seen in both sodium chlorideand calcium chloride in 0 bar (control) osmotic potential and 30 centigrade degree. Generally while theosmotic potential increases and temperature goes up to 30 centigrade degree all the characteristics insodium chloride and calcium chloride had a remarkable reduction. Also increment of high temperatureshad more harmful effects in NaCl than CaCl2. Study the Hyssop plant response to different levels ofsalinity and temperature on germination stage, it will assist farmers in establishment and desirableproduction.