Masoumeh Makvandi; AbdolMahdi Bakhshandeh; Ali Moshatati; Mohammad Moradi Telavat; Aydin Khodaei joghan
Abstract
Objective: The effect of the combined use of nitrogen fertilizer with sugarcane residue compost and growth-promoting bacteria on wheat quality traits and yield in the heat stress conditions of the end of the season in Ahvaz was investigated.Methods: An experiment was carried out in the form of two split ...
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Objective: The effect of the combined use of nitrogen fertilizer with sugarcane residue compost and growth-promoting bacteria on wheat quality traits and yield in the heat stress conditions of the end of the season in Ahvaz was investigated.Methods: An experiment was carried out in the form of two split plots in the form of a randomized complete block design with three replications. The experimental factors include three sowing dates: 22 November, 11 December and 31 December in main plots; six combined of nitrogen with compost include control, 100% nitrogen, 75% nitrogen+ 25% compost, 50% nitrogen+ 50% compost, 25% nitrogen+ 75% compost and 100% compost in sub-plots and two levels of use and non-use of bacteria in sub plots.Results: Results showed the effect of Sowing date and the combined use of nitrogen with compost and growth-promoting bacteria were significant on all measured traits. Average comparison showed that combined use of 50% nitrogen + 50% compost with bacterial application increased the characteristics of Grain filling duration and Grain filling rate, Grain protein percentage and wet gluten. Also, the highest seed yield (5864 kg/ha) was obtained on the first planting date and combined consumption of 50% nitrogen + 50% compost and the lowest amount (1115 kg/ha) was obtained on the third planting date and the control treatment.Conclusion: The combined use of nitrogen fertilizer and compost with growth-promoting bacteria could reduce the negative effect of heat stress at the end of the season on the measured plant traits.
Hasan Neisi; Mohammad Rafieiolhossaini; Mahmoud Reza Tadayon; Sayed Reza Ahmadpour; Akbar Karimi
Abstract
Nitrogen is the most important nutritional element required by the rice plant, and a large part of it is lost in paddy fields through leaching, which can lead to environmental problems and reduce the efficiency of urea fertilizer use in rice cultivation. Therefore, the present experiment was conducted ...
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Nitrogen is the most important nutritional element required by the rice plant, and a large part of it is lost in paddy fields through leaching, which can lead to environmental problems and reduce the efficiency of urea fertilizer use in rice cultivation. Therefore, the present experiment was conducted with the aim of investigating the effect of using different organic and chemical nitrogen fertilizers in order to reduce or solve this problem in 2021, in a split plot experiment based on a randomized complete blocks design with three replications was implemented.The main factor including humic acid, fulvic acid and application of nitrogen fertilizer (granular urea, sulfur coated urea, ammonium sulfate, urea and ammonium nitrate, combination of sulfur coated urea and granular urea, and control) were considered as secondary factors. Comparison of the average of simple effects showed that the highest yield of paddy was obtained with the application of humic acid, which increased by 19% compared to the control. The highest plant height and biological yield were obtained by applying sulfur coated urea or sulfur coated urea with granulated urea. The highest dry weight of the cluster per plant, a single plant dry weight and the number of fertile tillers in plant belonged to the application of sulfur coated urea or the co-application of sulfur coated urea with granular urea with humic acid application. Therefore the fertigation of humic acid can be useful in improving the growth of rice in rice-cultivated soils in Khuzestan.
Afsaneh Soltanzadeh; Ahmad Ghanbari; Esmaeel Seyedabadi; Mahdi Dahmardeh
Abstract
In order to evaluate some morphological and chemical characteristics of quinoa, a split plot experiment has been conducted in a randomized complete block design with three replications during 2019-2020 cropping season, at the Agricultural Research Station of University of Zabol, Iran. Vermicompost at ...
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In order to evaluate some morphological and chemical characteristics of quinoa, a split plot experiment has been conducted in a randomized complete block design with three replications during 2019-2020 cropping season, at the Agricultural Research Station of University of Zabol, Iran. Vermicompost at three levels (0, 5 and 10 ton/ha) has been considered the main factor and chemical fertilizer at four levels (25, 50, 75 and 100%), the sub-factor. The main effect of vermicompost is significant on morphological traits such as plant height, 1000-seed weight, biological yield, grain yield, and harvest index. Interaction of vermicompost and chemical fertilizer is significant on chemical properties, including proteins and photosynthetic pigments. Application of 10 tons of vermicompost per hectare leads to the maximum level of plant height, 1000-seed weight, biological yield, grain yield, and harvest index. Also, the highest amount of photosynthetic proteins and pigments are achieved from combined application of 10 tons/ha of vermicompost and 50% chemical fertilizer (25 kg/ha Urea+ 50 kg/ha triple superphosphate + 50 kg/ha potassium sulfate). Totally, results show the positive effects of vermicompost on the morphological and chemical properties of quinoa. It can be concluded that the combined use of chemical fertilizers and vermicompost can increase the yield of quinoa, while reducing the use of chemical fertilizers and thus reduce the environmental impacts caused by them..
siavash aryafar; Alireza Sirousmehr; Iesa khammari; Ahmad ghanbari; Esmaeil Seyedabadi
Abstract
In order to investigate the effect of tillage systems and the combination of chemical fertilizer and livestock manure on some characteristics of sunflower, an experiment has been conducted as split plots in a randomized complete block design with three replications at the research farm of University ...
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In order to investigate the effect of tillage systems and the combination of chemical fertilizer and livestock manure on some characteristics of sunflower, an experiment has been conducted as split plots in a randomized complete block design with three replications at the research farm of University of Zabol during 2019. The main factor has been tillage levels (1. moldboard plow and disc, 2. sweep and disc, and 3. disc). The sub-factor include fertilizer levels (no fertilizer application, 100 kg/ha of diammonium phosphate, 25 tons/ha of livestock manure+ 100 kg/ha of diamonium phosphate, 50 tons/ha of livestock manure + 100 kg/ha of diamonium phosphate, 25 tons/ha of livestock manure, and 50 tons/ha of livestock manure). Results show that the highest values belong to the 50 tons/ha of livestock manure in tillage with disk for grain yield (5072 kg/ha), and oil percentage (44.44%), 50 tons/ha of livestock manure in tillage with disc for oleic acid content (51.61%), and 50 tons/ha of livestock manure for linoleic acid content (31.1%). The highest amount of chlorophyll a, b and carotenoids (1.253, 0.45, and 1.04 mg/g, respectively) has been obtained from the application of 100 kg/ha of diamonium phosphate in tillage with disc. In general, in order to increase and improve the quantitative and qualitative characteristics of sunflower, the application of 50 tons/ha of livestock manure is suitable in disc tillage conditions.
mohammad kaveh; mohammad ali esmaili; Hemmatollah Pirdashti; Mohammad Reza Ardakani
Abstract
The present study investigates the effect of combined application of biochar, Azospirillium lipofrom bacteria and nitrogen in two flooding and intermittent irrigation methods on yield and yield components of rice (Oryza sativa L. cv. ‘Tarom Hashemi’). The experiment is done in split-split ...
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The present study investigates the effect of combined application of biochar, Azospirillium lipofrom bacteria and nitrogen in two flooding and intermittent irrigation methods on yield and yield components of rice (Oryza sativa L. cv. ‘Tarom Hashemi’). The experiment is done in split-split plot arrangement based on a complete randomized block design with three replications at the research farm of Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University between two consecutive years of 2017 and 2018. The treatments are two irrigation methods (flooding and alternation irrigation regimes) as main plot and nine fertilizers levels (100%, 75%, and 50% nitrogen in combination with control (without biochar), 20 and 10 tons of biochar per hectare) and seedling inoculation with Azospirillum lipoferum (inoculation and non-inoculated control) as sub and sub-sub plots, respectively. According to the significance of the studied factors’ effects on the measured traits, application of 20 tons of biochar along with 75% to 100% of the recommended nitrogen show the greatest impact on rice yield and yield components in both intermittent and flooding irrigation methods. Since, the effectiveness of biochar in imtermittent irrigation is more significant, it can be concluded that the application of 20 tons of biochar per hectare plus 75% to 100% of the recommended nitrogen could greatly compensate the yield reduction due to reduced water consumption in intermittent irrigation, compared to the flooding irrigation.
Azin Najaf Abadi; Jalal Jalilian; Mohammad Reza Zardoshti
Abstract
To evaluate the quantity and quality of forage in intercropping of safflower and bitter vetch, a factorial experiment was used based on a randomized complete block design with three replications in the Faculty of Agriculture at Urmia University in the growing season of 2013-2014.The first factor was ...
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To evaluate the quantity and quality of forage in intercropping of safflower and bitter vetch, a factorial experiment was used based on a randomized complete block design with three replications in the Faculty of Agriculture at Urmia University in the growing season of 2013-2014.The first factor was the use of high-input and low-input farming systems. The high-input system involved the use of fertilizers (N and P), and chemical control of pests and weeds with the use of Metasystox and Galant. The low-input system used cow manure, bio fertilizers and no chemical material. The second factor was cropping patterns with rows ratio of 2:2, 2:3, 2:4, and 2:5 safflower/bitter vetch and safflower and bitter vetch sole cropping. Results showed that the wet and dry weights of forage grown in sole cropping was more than in all the mixed patterns. The 2:4 planting pattern in the high-input system increased the percentage of crude protein and reduced the crude fiber content of the safflower forage. High-input cropping systems produce the most digestible dry matter and soluble carbohydrate in safflower (76.86% and 11.85 percent) and bitter vetch (61.38 and 16.31 percent). In general, the maximum crude protein content and soluble carbohydrates in bitter vetch forage, and the highest index of LER (1.87) in both plants were obtain from the 2:5 planting pattern in the low-input farming system. Thus, two rows of safflower planted with five rows of bitter vetch is the best model regarding the quality and quantity of forage.
FARIBA SAEDI; Said Mohsen Mosavi Nik; Abdoll Rahman Rahimian Boger
Abstract
In order to investigate effectsof different fertilizers on reduce negative effects of drought stress in chicory (Cichorium intybus L.), manure and poular fertilizers, Nano potassium and potassium sulfate were used on morphophysiological characteristics of chicory under drought stress. This experiment ...
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In order to investigate effectsof different fertilizers on reduce negative effects of drought stress in chicory (Cichorium intybus L.), manure and poular fertilizers, Nano potassium and potassium sulfate were used on morphophysiological characteristics of chicory under drought stress. This experiment was carried out in a factorial plot based with a randomized complete block design in three replications at the Agricultural Research farm of Zabol University in 2014-2015. Water stress treatments included 60, 90 and 120 mm water evaporation from evaporate pan class assigned to the first plots and different types of fertilizers included manure and poular fertilizers were applied at 30 ton/ha, and nano potassium (27percent) and potassium sulphat were applied 10 and 150 kg. Results showed that drought stresses were decreased the growth characteristics significantly, while application of different fertilizers were decreasing the negative effects of drought on growth characteristics, especially two organic fertilizers are effective on reduce the negative effects of drought. Also, the highest plant height, flower diameter, flower number, lateral branches, flower yield and shoot yield were obtained at manure fertilizer treatments. Strong stress was showed the lowest content of chlorophyll a and b significantly, but carotenoids and anthocyanin are increases. Application of manure fertilizer improve a / b chlorophylls, and carotenoids significantly under drought stress. So the highest anthocyanin obtained at Nano potassium treatment. Different fertilizer treatments have had significant effects on antioxidant enzymes activities in comparison with control treatment.
shahla shafiee adib; Majid Amini Dehaghi; Fatemeh Shahbazi
Abstract
In order to study of the effects of vermicompost and chemical phosphorous fertilizers on the quantity and quality of John’s wort, an experiment was conducted as factorial experiment based on randomized complete blocks design with three replications in Shahed University, Tehran during two years ...
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In order to study of the effects of vermicompost and chemical phosphorous fertilizers on the quantity and quality of John’s wort, an experiment was conducted as factorial experiment based on randomized complete blocks design with three replications in Shahed University, Tehran during two years of 2011-2012. Treatments were phosphorous fertilizer (0, 100 and 200 kg.h-1) and vermicompost (0, 5 and 10 t.h-1). Agronomic characteristics were including plant height, flowering shoot yield, biological yield, hypericin yield and harvest index.There were significant differences in vermicompost and phosphorous fertilizer treatments and interaction between them Pr < 0.01.The maximum hypericin yield and flowering shoot yield was obtained by applying 200 kg.ha-1 phosphorous fertilizer plus 5 ton.h-1 vermicompost and 200 kg.ha-1 phosphorous fertilizer plus 10 ton.h-1 vermicompost, respectively. It seems that chemical phosphorous fertilizer and vermicompost can increase quantity and quality yield in John’s wort medicinal plant.
Abdulhamid Mohebbi
Abstract
In order to evaluate the effect of integrated plant nutrient management, an experiment was conducted with different fertilizer treatments in a randomized complete block design with six treatments in five replicates (each replicate contains a date palm tree) in Abadan during 2010-13. Treatments were mineral ...
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In order to evaluate the effect of integrated plant nutrient management, an experiment was conducted with different fertilizer treatments in a randomized complete block design with six treatments in five replicates (each replicate contains a date palm tree) in Abadan during 2010-13. Treatments were mineral fertilizer, 50% of mineral fertilizer + organic fertilizer, 25% of mineral fertilizer + organic fertilizer + organic sulfur, 25% of mineral fertilizer + organic fertilizer + powdery sulfur, 25% of mineral fertilizer + organic fertilizer+ organic sulfur+ mulch, 25 mineral fertilizer + organic fertilizer + powdery sulfur + mulch. The results showed that different fertilizer treatments had significant effect on the yield (P<0.01) and bunch weight (P<0.05) but there is no significant effect on fruit set, percentage of fruit falling, number, length and width of the spathe. Quantitative characteristics of fruits including fresh and dry weight, volume, length and diameter of fruit, weight, length and diameter of seed and pulp to seed ratio also qualitative characteristics of fruit include reducing sugar, total sugar, pH, titratable acidity, Brix, moisture, phosphorus and potassium had no significant effect.
Atena Gholipur; Mehdi Ghajar sepanlu; Mohammad ali Bahmaniar
Abstract
In order to study the effect of municipal solid waste application with or without chemical fertilizer on the concentration of heavy metals in soil and rice plant, an experiment was conducted with randomized complete block design in three replications and fourteen treatments in Research Station of Sari ...
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In order to study the effect of municipal solid waste application with or without chemical fertilizer on the concentration of heavy metals in soil and rice plant, an experiment was conducted with randomized complete block design in three replications and fourteen treatments in Research Station of Sari Agricultural and Natural Resources University in 2009 and 2010. The treatments included control treatment, chemical fertilizer, 15, 30 and 45 ton/ha municipal solid waste compost and chemical fertilizer at three levels (25, 50 and 75 percent). Results indicated that applying compost for two years showed no significant effect on any of the available heavy metals in soil. However, significant increases were observed for Lead (Pb2+) in root, and Pb2+, Cd2+, Nicle and Cobalt in shoot and Cadmium (Cd2+) in grain. Meanwhile, the highest amount of heavy metals was concentrated in 45 t/ha of municipal solid waste + 75 percent chemical fertilizer treatment. Thus, using municipal solid waste compost, the amount of the heavy metals increased in soil and rice plant but their concentrations were below their toxicity limit.
Leila Tabrizi; Hosein Mohamadi; Reza Salehi
Abstract
In order to investigate the effect of planting density (50, 75 and 100 cm inter-row distance) and vermicompost (0, 5, 10 and 15 t.ha-1) on growth, qualitative and quantitative criteria of gooseberry (Physalis peruviana L., Solanaceae), an experiment was conducted as factorial based on complete randomized ...
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In order to investigate the effect of planting density (50, 75 and 100 cm inter-row distance) and vermicompost (0, 5, 10 and 15 t.ha-1) on growth, qualitative and quantitative criteria of gooseberry (Physalis peruviana L., Solanaceae), an experiment was conducted as factorial based on complete randomized block design with three replications in University of Tehran, in 2013. Criteria such as leaf area, collar diameter, number of lateral branches per plant, plant height, fruit number and weight per plant, weight and diameter per fruit, calyx weight, total fruit yield, fruit marketable percentage, total marketable yield, plant dry weight and quality criteria such as pH, total soluble solids (TSS), titratable acidity (TA), vitamin C, antioxidant activity and fruit color indices were evaluated. Results showed that treatments significantly affected most measured growth and yield criteria in which application of 15 t.ha-1 vermicompost increased them compared to control (non-vermicompost application) in which fruit weight per plant, total fruit yield and marketable percentage were increased 37.31, 37.82 and 11.52 percent, respectively. Also, inter-row distance of 100 cm performed better for plant growth and yield criteria. Interaction effect of 100 cm planting density and 15 t.ha-1 vermicompost caused the highest number of fruit per plant and marketable yield. The highest amount of TA and antioxidant activity obtained by application of 15 and 10 t.ha-1 vermicompost, respectively and vitamin C, TA and TSS were increased in planting distance of 50, 75 and 75 cm inter-row distance, respectively.
soheila javahery; hossein zarei; alireza movahedi naeini; ghorban ali roshani
Abstract
One of the most important factors in lawn establishment is the culture bed. In the present work, weevaluated the effect of some culture beds (1-leaf mold (LM), 2-rice husk (RH), 3-manure, 4-spentmushroom compost (SMC), 5-mixture of LM, RH and SMC (M 1), 6-mixture of LM, RH and M (M 2),with the ratio ...
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One of the most important factors in lawn establishment is the culture bed. In the present work, weevaluated the effect of some culture beds (1-leaf mold (LM), 2-rice husk (RH), 3-manure, 4-spentmushroom compost (SMC), 5-mixture of LM, RH and SMC (M 1), 6-mixture of LM, RH and M (M 2),with the ratio of 1:1:1 for both mixtures, along with 7-control treatment in three compactness levels (rollwith 36, 56 and 76 kg weights) on some growth factors of sport lawn during spring. Therefore, anexperiment carried out during 2008-9 in the research farm of Gorgan University of Agricultural Scienceand Natural Resources in strip plots design with three replications. According to obtained results, theinteractions of fertilizer and compactness treatments for some of the measured traits were significant. Thehighest and the lowest chlorophyll content and plant height in all three compactness levels were observedin M2 and control treatments, respectively. Furthermore, in all three compactness levels, the highest drymatter devoted to control treatment and the lowest one was observed in M2 and manure treatment. In caseof lawn coverage rate, density and greenness, the interaction of fertilizer and compactness treatments wasinsignificant and SMC and M2 showed the highest coverage rate and greenness respectively. Inconclusion, organic materials have to be considered as one of the important factors as a result of theirstructural effect on soil physicochemical and biological features.
Fatemeh Sadeghi; Ali Tadayyon
Abstract
Due to importance of nitrogen on the agronomic traits of linseed oil, a factorial experiment was conducted in randomized complete block design with three replications at the field research station of Faculty of Agriculture at Shahrekord University in 2012. Five different treatments of fertilizer including ...
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Due to importance of nitrogen on the agronomic traits of linseed oil, a factorial experiment was conducted in randomized complete block design with three replications at the field research station of Faculty of Agriculture at Shahrekord University in 2012. Five different treatments of fertilizer including urea, azomin, nitroxin, supernitroplus and control (without nitrogen) as the first factor and three ectotype of Iranian, French and Canadian linseed as second factor were evaluted. The results showed that, ecotypes and fertilizer treatments had significant effects on the plant height, leaf number, number of lateral branches, number of capsule, shoot dry weight per plant and grain yield per m2. The maximum leaf number, number of lateral branches, number of capsule and shoot dry weight per plant were observed in French ecotype, while for the other traits, Iranian ecotype had priority. The traits measured under the chemical nitrogen treatment (urea) was greater than other fertilizer treatment. Although the resonse of linseed to biological and organic nitrogen was lower than chemical nitrogen but it was significantly higher than control. Thus, application of biological and organic nitrogen, due to less environmental pollution, is reasonable compare to chemical fertilizer.