Abdollah fariSa; Ali Nakhzari Moghaddam; ali Rahemi karizaki; Mohammad Salahi Farahi
Abstract
Objective: In order to study the effect of nitrogen splitting and supplemental irrigation on yield, yield components and oil percentage of sunflower a factorial experiment was conducted based on randomized complete block design on farm research of Gonbad University with three replications during crop ...
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Objective: In order to study the effect of nitrogen splitting and supplemental irrigation on yield, yield components and oil percentage of sunflower a factorial experiment was conducted based on randomized complete block design on farm research of Gonbad University with three replications during crop year of 2019.Methods: Treatments in this experiment included nitrogen splitting (none consumption of nitrogen (as control), 25% of nitrogen at planting time and 75% before flowering, 50% of nitrogen at planting time and 50% before flowering and 75% of nitrogen at planting and 25% before flowering and supplemental irrigation (none irrigation ((as control)), supplementary irrigation at flowering stage, supplemental irrigation at grain filling stage, supplemental irrigation at flowering stage and grain filling stages) in four levels.Results: The results showed that consumption of 25% nitrogen at planting time and 75% before flowering led to the highest increase in number of grains per row, number of grains per head, one thousand-grain weight, grain yield (4318 kg.ha-1) and harvest index. Consumption of 75% nitrogen at planting time and 25% before flowering increased the number of rows per capita. None consumption of nitrogen increased oil percent though oil yield decreased. Irrigation at flowering and grain filling stages increased the number of grain per capita, grain weight, and grain yield (4427 kg.ha-1).Conclusion: According to the results, irrigation at flowering and grain filling stages as well as application of 25% nitrogen at planting time and 75% before flowering is suitable to achieve optimum sunflower yield.
Kamal Sadat Asilan
Abstract
In order to investigate the effect of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium elements on fatty acid profiles, oil percentage, grain yield, and flax seed oil, Lirina cultivar, a factorial experiment has been conducted during 2019, based on a randomized complete block design with three replications in Hashtgerd ...
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In order to investigate the effect of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium elements on fatty acid profiles, oil percentage, grain yield, and flax seed oil, Lirina cultivar, a factorial experiment has been conducted during 2019, based on a randomized complete block design with three replications in Hashtgerd research farm, Alborz Province. It has employed a factorial arrangement in a randomized complete block design with three replications with the factors involving three levels of nitrogen fertilizers (N1=30, N2=60, and N3=90 Kgha-1, three levels of phosphorus fertilizers (P1=40, P2=80, and P3=120 Kg.ha-1), and three levels of potassium fertilizers (K1=40, K2=80, and K3=120 Kg.ha-1). Result show that the highest amount of linolenic acid (43.99%), linoleic acid (17.68%), and palmitic acid (6.02%) have occurred in 30 kg. ha-1 nitrogen and 40 kg.ha-1 phosphorus. The highest amount of oleic acid (27.49%) and stearic acid (5.25%) belong to 30 kg.ha-1 phosphorus. Based on the results, the highest amount of grain yield (2384 kg.ha-1) and oil yield (939 kg.ha-1) are recorded in 90 and 120 kg.ha-1 nitrogen and phosphorus, respectively. Therefore, according to the results, different levels of fertilizer on percentage of oil has had no significant effect.
Firozeh Oladaskari; mani mojaddam; timoor Babaei Nejad
Abstract
Biological fertilizers are natural inputs that can be used as complementary or alternative fertilizers in sustainable agriculture. A split plot experiment has been conducted in a randomized complete block design with three replications in Khuzestan province during 2018-19. Three different planting methods ...
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Biological fertilizers are natural inputs that can be used as complementary or alternative fertilizers in sustainable agriculture. A split plot experiment has been conducted in a randomized complete block design with three replications in Khuzestan province during 2018-19. Three different planting methods (spraying), linear and atmospheric and stack plots in main plots and three levels of application of 100% urea, 70% urea plus 100 g Azotobacter, 50% urea plus 100 g Azotobacter in plots. Sub-comparisons. The results of analysis of variance showed that the main effects application of urea fertilizer plus azotobacter and planting pattern had a significant effect on number of pods per plant, number of seeds per pod, grain yield, protein percentage, parietin yield. The use of 70% urea plus Azotobacter significantly increased the yield of rapeseed oil but was in a class with 100% urea treatment. The use of 70% urea plus Azotobacter significantly increased the yield of rapeseed oil but was in a class with 100% urea treatment. Interaction between sowing pattern and the combination of urea and aztobacter had a significant effect on grain yield and biological yield. The most appropriate yield of method planting furrow and 70% of urea with azotobacter application. In this study, considering the 25% savings in nitrogen fertilizer consumption, in addition to 33% increase in canola quality, it reduced the costs by 30%, which is economically viable and recommended.
Mehdi Ghaffari
Abstract
To study the effect of row spacing and plant density on agronomic traits of dual purpose sunflower; cultivar Lakomka two years' study from 2014 was carried out as a factorial experiment based on RCB design with four replications in Khoy. The experimental treatments included row spacing at two levels ...
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To study the effect of row spacing and plant density on agronomic traits of dual purpose sunflower; cultivar Lakomka two years' study from 2014 was carried out as a factorial experiment based on RCB design with four replications in Khoy. The experimental treatments included row spacing at two levels (60 and 75 cm) and five plant densities (30, 45, 60, 75 and 90 thousands P ha-1). According to the results there were no significant difference between 60 and 75 cm row spacing for any of the studied traits; however plant density had significant effect on all of the traits. Phenological stages accelerated and head diameter decreased but plant height and oil content increased as plant density increased. Seed weight decreased from115 g to 84 g while oil content increased from 36% to 39% as plant density increased from 30 to 90000 P.ha-1. The highest seed and oil yields (4132 and 1611 kg ha-1) were observed in plant density of 75000 P.ha-1. The regression analyses revealed that oil content, plant height and seed number, are the most effective traits for predictor of oil yield. The results of this study indicated that plant densities of 75 and 45000 P.ha-1 are optimum densities for production of cultivar Lakomka with higher oil yield and as confectionary use in Khoy, West Azarbaijan.
Fateme Mohtashami; Mahmoud Reza Tadayon; Parto Roshandel
Abstract
In order to evaluate the effect of water deficit stress on seed yield and yield components of safflower genotypes (Carthamus tinctorius L.), an experiment was conducted as a split plot with three replicates at the research filed of University of Shahrekord in spring 2016. Treatments consisted of three ...
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In order to evaluate the effect of water deficit stress on seed yield and yield components of safflower genotypes (Carthamus tinctorius L.), an experiment was conducted as a split plot with three replicates at the research filed of University of Shahrekord in spring 2016. Treatments consisted of three levels of irrigation based on 100%, 75% and 50% of the plant’s water requirement and three selected safflower genotypes including Sina, Isfahan and Faraman. Results indicated that deficit irrigation caused a significant reduction in all traits including the number of lateral branches per plant, plant height, head number per plant, number of seed per head, seed thousand weight, seed yield, oil percentage, oil yield, biological yield and harvest index. The lowest values of seed yield (1196 kg.ha-1) and oil yield (313 kg.ha-1) were obtained in the deficit irrigation treatment of 50 %plant water requirement and the highest seed yield (2310 kg.ha-1) and oil yield (561kg.ha-1) were obtained in 100% plant water requirement. The results showed that there was a significant difference among investigated safflower genotypes, and the highest seed yield (1998kg.ha-1) and oil yield (561kg.ha-1) were obtained in Sina genotype and the lowest seed yield (1659kg.ha-1) and oil yield (426 kg.ha-1) were obtained in local Isfahan genotype. The results showed that the differences among genotypes in terms of morphological traits, oil percentage, and oil yield were important components that could be used to select genotypes or appropriate cultivars with drought conditions.
Hossein Rabbi Angorani; Jaber Panahandeh; Sahebali Boland nazar; Jalal Saba; fariborz Zare Nahandi
Abstract
Oxidative stress is one of the most important consequences of drought stress. Salicylic acid is a phenolic compound which serves as a growth regulator in the induction of resistance to drought. In order to investigate the role of salicylic acid on some anti-oxidant enzymes and some biochemical attributes ...
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Oxidative stress is one of the most important consequences of drought stress. Salicylic acid is a phenolic compound which serves as a growth regulator in the induction of resistance to drought. In order to investigate the role of salicylic acid on some anti-oxidant enzymes and some biochemical attributes of medicinal pumpkin under drought stress, an experiment was designed 2014 in Zanjan University’s Research Farm, Iran. The study was arranged as factorial experiment based on a randomized complete block design with three replications including drought stress at four level; control, mild stress, moderate stress, and severe stress have been arranged in four levels including (100, 85, 70 and 55% FC). Salicylic acid treatments included salicylic acid were applied as foliar application spray in four levels: 0 mg/l (solution spray with distilled water), 0.5, 1, and 1.5 mg/l. Measured traits included peroxidase, catalase, Beta-sitosterol and oil yield proline, electrolyte leakage, malondialdehyde (membrane peroxidation index) content. The results showed that increasing drought stress levels reduced the oil yield, but in contrast, increasing the Beta-sitosterol, membrane peroxidation, electrolyte leakage, anti-oxidant enzymes such as catalase and peroxidase, while application of salicylic acid at 0.5 and 1 mg/l decreased oxidative stress, membrane peroxidation and Electrolyte leakage through increasing the anti-oxidant enzymes activities such as catalase and peroxidase and proline which led to a balanced rise in oil yield and Beta-sitosterol in mild and moderated stress. These results show an increase in plant resistance to drought as a result of salicylic acid application.
Esmaeil Karimi; Ali Tadayyon; Mahmour Reza Tadayyon
Abstract
In order to investigate the effect of different irrigation regimes on yield and leaf proline content of a spring Isfahan local variety of safflower, a field experiment was conducted as split plot in Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications at the Research Station of Shahrekord University ...
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In order to investigate the effect of different irrigation regimes on yield and leaf proline content of a spring Isfahan local variety of safflower, a field experiment was conducted as split plot in Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications at the Research Station of Shahrekord University in 2013-2014. The main factor consisted of four different irrigation regimes (irrigation after 50, 80, 130 and 180 mm evaporation of water from evaporation pan class A) and subplots were spraying humic acid (at a rate of zero, one, three and six liters per hectare). Evaluated traits in this experiment included, the number of heads per plant, 1000 seeds weight, oil content, grain yield, oil yield and leaf proline content. Irrigation treatments and foliar application of humic acid significantly contributed to the above characteristics. Based on means comparisons, less irrigation caused a significant decrease and spraying humic acid also increased significantly number of heads per plant, 1000 seeds weight, grain yield and oil yield. Also, with increased Irrigation and increase application of humic acid, oil content and proline compared to the control group showed a significant increase. In addition, increased irrigation, increase seed oil content from 22.22 percent to 25.43 percent (in irrigation treatment after 180 mm evaporation and application of six lit/ha) has been upgraded. Oil yield also decreased as a result of irrigation after 50 mm evaporation from 394 to 289 kg per hectare after 180 mm evaporation.
Khadijeh Roustaie; mohsen Movahhedi Dehnavi; Seyed Ali Khadem; Hamid Reza Owliaie
Abstract
To investigate effects of different super absorbent polymer and animal manure ratios on the quantitative and qualitative characteristics of soybean under drought stress, a split plots experiment was conducted based on randomized complete block design with three replications in Marvdasht, Iran in 2009. ...
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To investigate effects of different super absorbent polymer and animal manure ratios on the quantitative and qualitative characteristics of soybean under drought stress, a split plots experiment was conducted based on randomized complete block design with three replications in Marvdasht, Iran in 2009. Main factor included of irrigation with 50, 100 and 150 mm evaporation from pan class A and sub factor included of control, 40 t.ha-1 animal manure, 200 kg.ha-1 super absorbent polymer, 50 percent super absorbent polymer + 50 percent animal manure, 65 percent super absorbent polymer + 35 percent animal manure and 35 percent super absorbent polymer + 65 percent animal manure. The results showed that, number of pod and grain per plant, 1000 grain weight, grain yield, biological yield, protein yield and oil yield were decreased by drought stress occurrence and were increased with super absorbent polymer and animal manure application. The highest yield (2148.3 kg.ha-1) was obtained in control treatment. Results showed that the combinations of super absorbent polymer and animal manure significantly increased grain, biological, oil and protein yield compared with control. Finally, combination of 35 percent super absorbent polymer and 65 percent animal manure was the best treatment in this experiment.
Masoomeh Naeemi; Gholam Ali Akbari; Amir Hossein Shirani Rad; Tahereh Hassanlou; Gholam Abbas Akbari
Abstract
In order to evaluation the effect of zeolite application and selenium spraying on water relations traits and antioxidant enzymes in medicinal pumpkin (Cucurbita pepo L.) at water deficit stress conditions, an experiment was conducted in factorial based on randomized complete block design with three replications ...
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In order to evaluation the effect of zeolite application and selenium spraying on water relations traits and antioxidant enzymes in medicinal pumpkin (Cucurbita pepo L.) at water deficit stress conditions, an experiment was conducted in factorial based on randomized complete block design with three replications during 2010 in Takestan, Iran. The three levels of irrigation factor include normal irrigation (control), withhold irrigation at the flowering and fruit formation stages, zeolite factors include two levels of non application and use of 10 tons per hectare and selenium was sprayed at two concentration in zero and 30 grams per liter per hectare. Water deficit increased antioxidant enzymes activity, so that the increase in stressed plants at flowering stage was among the most prominent. Selenium spraying increased the anti-oxidative activity. Zeolite application of 10 tons per hectare, reduced stress effects and improved traits as RWC, WSD, soluble protein content, number of seeds, 100 seed weight and oil yield. According to the results, application of zeoilite under drought stress condition retain the moisture during stress and can be useful in improving plant growth and production.