Authors

Abstract

In order to evaluation the effect of zeolite application and selenium spraying on water relations traits and antioxidant enzymes in medicinal pumpkin (Cucurbita pepo L.) at water deficit stress conditions, an experiment was conducted in factorial based on randomized complete block design with three replications during 2010 in Takestan, Iran. The three levels of irrigation factor include normal irrigation (control), withhold irrigation at the flowering and fruit formation stages, zeolite factors include two levels of non application and use of 10 tons per hectare and selenium was sprayed at two concentration in zero and 30 grams per liter per hectare. Water deficit increased antioxidant enzymes activity, so that the increase in stressed plants at flowering stage was among the most prominent. Selenium spraying increased the anti-oxidative activity. Zeolite application of 10 tons per hectare, reduced stress effects and improved traits as RWC, WSD, soluble protein content, number of seeds, 100 seed weight and oil yield. According to the results, application of zeoilite under drought stress condition retain the moisture during stress and can be useful in improving plant growth and production.

Keywords

1 . دولت آبادیان ا.، مدرس ثانوی س. ع. م. و شریفی م (1388) اثرتنش کم­آبی و محلول­پاشی اسیدآسکوربیک بر میزان فعالیت آنزیم­های آنتی­ا­­کسیدان(Zea maize L.) و برخی تغییرات بیوشیمیایی در برگ ذرت دانه­ای. زیست­شناسی ایران. 22: 422-407.
2 . طالع احمد س. و حداد ر (1389) اثر سیلیکون بر فعالیت آنزیم­های ضداکسنده و محتوای تنظیم­کننده­های اسمزی در دو ژنوتیپ گندم نان در شرایط تنش خشکی. به­زراعی نهال و بذر. 26: 225-207.
3 . عبدی غ. ر (1387) بررسی اثرات زئولیت و تنش خشکی بر رشدونموچمن کنتاکیبلوگراس (Poa pratensis). مجموعه مقالات همایش بین­المللی زئولیت ایران. 294 ص. 
 
4 . Aebi HE (1984) Catalase in vitro. Methods Enzymology 105: 121-126.
5 . Aroiee H and Omidbaigi R (2004) Effects of nitrogen fertilizer on productivity medicinal pumpkin. Acta Horticulture. 629: 415-419.
6 . Asada K (1999) The water cycle in chloroplasts: scavenging of active oxygens and dissipation of excess photons. Annual Rev. Plant Physiology Plant Molecule Biology. 50: 601-639.
7 . Baby J and Jini D (2011) Development of salt stress tolerance plants by gene manipulation of antioxidant enzymes. Asian Journal of Agricultural Research. 5: 17-27.
8 . Bradford MM (1979) A rapid and sensitive method for
the quantitation of microgram quantities of protein utilizing the principle of protein-dye binding. Analytical Biochemistry. 72: 248-254.
9 . Chance B and Maehly A (1955) Assay of catalase and peroxidase. Methods Enzymology. 2: 764-817.
10 . Chaves MM, Maroco JP and Pereira JS (2003) Understanding plant responses to drought from genes to the whole plant. Functional Plant Biology. 30: 239-264.
11 . Ekelund, NGA and Danilov RA (2001) The influence of selenium on photosynthesis and light-enhanced dark respiration (LEDR) in the flagellate Euglena gracilis after exposure to ultraviolet radiation. Aquatic Science. 63: 457- 465.
12 . Germ M, Kreft I and Osvald J (2005) Influence of UV-B exclusion and selenium treatment on photochemical efficiency of photosystem II, yield and respiratory potential in pumpkin (Cucucrbita pepo. L). Plant physiology and Biochemistry. 43: 445-448.
13 . Gholizadeh A, Amin MSM, Anuar AR, Esfahani M and Saberioon MM (2010) The Study on the Effect of Different Levels of Zeolit and Water Stress on Growth, Development and Essential Oil Content of Moldavian Balm (Dracocephalum moldavica L.). American Journal of Applied Sciences. 7: 33-37.
14 . Harb EMZ and Mahmoud MA (2009) Enhancing of growth, essential oil yield and components of yarrow plant (Achillea millefolium L.) growth under safe agriculture conditions using zeolite and compost. 4rd Conference on Recent Technologies in Agriculture. Giza. Egypt.
15 . IPCC, Climate change (2007) The physical science basis, Vol. 1009. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
16 . Jackson GD (2000) Effects of nitrogen and sulfur on maize yield and nutrient uptake. Agronomy 92: 644-649.
17 . Kavoosi M (2007) Effects of zeolite application on rice yield, nitrogen recovery, and nitrogen use efficiency.Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis. London. 38: 69-76.
18 . Kim JH and Lee CH (2005) In vivo deleterious effects specific to reactive oxygen species on photosystem I and II after photo-oxidative treatments of rice (Oryza sativa L.) leaves. Plant Science. 168: 1115-1125.
19 . Kumar RR, Karajol K and Naik GR (2011) Effect of Polyethylene Glycol Induced Water Stress on Physiological and Biochemical Responses in Pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan L. Mill sp.). Recent Research in Science and Technology. 3: 148-152.
20 . Kuznetsov VV, Kholodova VP and Yagodin BA (2003) Selenium regulates the water status of plants exposed to drought. Dokl. Biology Science. 390: 266-268.
21 . Mikkelsen RL, Page AL and Haghnia GH (1988)
Effect of salinity and its composition on the accumulation of selenium by alfalfa. Plant and Soil.
107: 63-67.
22 . Miller GL (2000) Physiological response of bermudagrass grown in soil amendments during drought stress. Horticulture Science. 35: 213-216.
23 . Mittler R, Vanderauwera S, Gollery M and Breusegem FV (2004) Reactive oxygen gene network of plants. Trends in Plant Science. 9: 490-498.
24 . Mohammadi A, Habibi D, Rohami M and Mafakheri S (2011) Effect of drought stress on antioxidant enzymes activity of some chickpea cultivars. American-Eurasian Journal of Agricultural and Environment Science. 11: 782-785.
25 . Moran JF, Becana M and Frechilla S (1994) Drought induces oxidative stress in pea plants. Planta. 194: 346-352.
26 . Mumpton FA (1999) Uses of natural zeolites in agriculture and industry. Geology, Mineralogy and Human Welfare. 96: 3463-3470.
27 . Nakano Y and Asada K (1987) Purification of ascorbate peroxidase in spinach chloroplast: inactivation in ascorbate-depleted medium and reactivation by monodehydroascorbate radical. Plant Cell Physiology 28: 131-140.
28 . Omae H, Kumar A, Kashiviba K and Shono M (2007) Assessing drought tolerance of snap bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) from genotypic differences in leaf water relations, shoot growth and photosynthetic parameters. Plant Production Science. 10: 28-35.
29 . Pazoki AR, Shirani Rad AH, Habibi D, Paknejad F, Kobraee S and Hadayat N (2010) Effect of drought stress and selenium spraying on superoxide dismotase activity of winter rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) cultivars. World Academy of Science Engineering and Technology. 68: 678-681.
30 . Peltzer D, Dreyer E and Polle A (2002) Differential temperature dependencies of antioxidative enzymes
in two contrasting species. Plant Physiology and Biochemistry. 40: 141-150.
31 . Polat E, Karaca M, Demir H and Naci Onus A (2004) Use of natural zeolite (Clinoptilolite) in agriculture. Fruit and Rnamental Plant Research. 12: 183-189.
32 . Rahimzadeh M, Mehraban A and Sabet AM (2007) The effect of micronutrients on antioxidant enzymes metabolism in sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) under drought stress. Hellia. 30: 167-174.
33 . Ranjan R, Bohra SP and Jeet AM (2001) Book of plant senescence. Jodhpur Agrobios. New York. Pp. 18-42.
34 . Sajedi A, Ardakani MR, Naderi A, Madani H and Mashhadi Akbar Boojar M (2009) Response of maize to nutrients foliar application under water deficit stress conditions. American Journal of Agriculture and Biology Science. 4: 242-248.
35 . Sepehri A and Golparvar AH (2011) The Effect of drought stress on water relations, chlorophyll content and leaf area in canola cultivars (Brassica napus L.).Electronic Journal of Biology. 7: 49-53.
36 . Seppanen M, Turakianen M and Hartikainen H (2003) The effect of selenium on photoxidative stress tolerance in potato. Plant Science. 165: 311-319.
37 . Shao HB, Liang ZS, Shao MA and Sun Q (2005) Dynamic changes of antioxidative enzymes of 10 wheat genotypes at soil water deficits. Colloids and Surfaces B: Biointerfaces. 42: 187-195.
38 . Shen X, Zhou Y, Duan L, Li Z, Enej AE and Li J (2010) Silicon effects on photosynthesis and antioxidant parameters of soybean seedlings under drought and ultraviolet-B radiation. Plant Physiology. 167: 1248-1252.
39 . Tommasini L, Svensson JT, Rodriguez EM, Wahid A, Malatrasi M, Kato K, Wanamaker S, Resnik J and Close TJ (2008) Dehydrin gene expression provides an indicator of low temperature and drought stress: transcriptome-based analysis of Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.). Functional Integrative Genomics. 8: 387-405.
40 . Turakainen M, Hartikainen H and Seppänen MM (2004) Effects of selenium treatments on potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) growth and concentrations of soluble sugars and starch. Agricultural and Food Chemistry. 52: 5378-5382.
41 . Xue TL, Hartikainen H and Piironen V (2001) Antioxidative and growth-promoting effects of selenium on senescing lettuce. Plant Soil. 273: 55-61.
42 . Zahedi H, Noor-Mohamadi GH, Shirani Rad AH, Habibi D and Mashhadi Akbar Boojar M (2009) The effects of zeolite and foliar applications of selenium on growth, yield and yield components of three canola cultivars under drought stress. World Applied Sciences. 7: 255-262.