Hamed Narimani; Raouf Seyed Sharif; Fatemeh Aghaei
Abstract
Objective: This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of nanoparticles (Zn and Si) and putrescine on grain-filling components of wheat under salinity stress.
Methods: An experimental factorial based on a randomized complete block design with three replications was conducted at the research ...
Read More
Objective: This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of nanoparticles (Zn and Si) and putrescine on grain-filling components of wheat under salinity stress.
Methods: An experimental factorial based on a randomized complete block design with three replications was conducted at the research greenhouse of the University of Mohaghegh Ardabili in 2022. The experimental factors included salinity at four levels (without salinity application as control, application of 40, 80, and 120 mM salinity with NaCl) and nanoparticle and putrescine foliar application at eight levels (foliar application with water as control, foliar application of 50 mg.L-1 of Si, foliar application of 1 g.L-1 of Zn, foliar application of 1 mM putrescine, foliar application of Si-Zn, foliar application of Si and putrescine, foliar application of Zn and putrescine, foliar application of Si-Zn and putrescine).
Results: The results showed that the highest grain-filling period and effective grain-filling period were obtained under nanoparticles and putrescine foliar application. This treatment combination under non-saline condition increased the root weight and volume (48.1 and 53.03% respectively), chlorophyll index (45.75%), and grain-filling rate (20%). There was an increase of 45.34, 62.72, 40.5, 36.21 and 37.37% in plant height, spike length, number of grains per spike, 100 grains weight and grain yield, respectively, under non-saline condition and foliar application with nanoparticle and putrescine in compared with no foliar application under 120 mM salinity.
Conclusion: It seems that the foliar application of nanoparticles and putrescine under salinity can increase the yield of wheat by improving root characteristics and grain-filling components.
Raheleh Arab; Alireza Yadavi; Hamidreza Balouchi; Hamid Alahdadii
Abstract
Objective: This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of drought stress and foliar application of Fe and Zn on agronomical characteristics of sunflowerMethods: a farm experiment was carried out in the Fars agricultural research center in the split plots form base on a randomized complete ...
Read More
Objective: This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of drought stress and foliar application of Fe and Zn on agronomical characteristics of sunflowerMethods: a farm experiment was carried out in the Fars agricultural research center in the split plots form base on a randomized complete block design with three replications during 2014. Irrigation at three levels (irrigation after 60, 120, and 180 mm of evaporation from A class evaporation pan) as the main plots and foliar application at four levels (water, iron sulfate, zinc sulfate, and iron sulfate+ zinc sulfate) were used as sub-plots.Results: The results showed that the delay in irrigation from 60 to 180 mm of evaporation caused a decrease in the number of seeds per head, grain yield and biological yield by 24.8%, 37.5% and 30%, respectively. The foliar application of iron sulfate + zinc sulfate compared to the control treatment increased the number of seeds per head, 1000-seed weight and grain yield by 24.1%, 16.6 percent and 14.3 percent, respectively. The delay in irrigation, increased the water use efficiency by 50.9%. The interaction between irrigation and foliar application had a significant effect on leaf and grain iron concentration and leaf zinc concentration, so that with delay in irrigation, absorption of nutrients decreased, but foliar application under drought stress conditions increased iron and zinc absorption in sunflowerConclusion: According to these results, it can be stated that with micronutrient foliar spraying, the severe drop in sunflower yield can be prevented under drought stress conditions
Fatemeh Mirzaei; Mohammad Rafieiolhossaini; Nafiseh Rangzan; Mahdi Amirusefi
Abstract
Objective: Quinoa, with its high nutritional value, is highly resistant to a wide range of non-biological stresses. Despite the limited resources and the increasing demand for food products in lands with low or limited fertility, it can be cultivated well and produces a good product.
Methods: This experiment ...
Read More
Objective: Quinoa, with its high nutritional value, is highly resistant to a wide range of non-biological stresses. Despite the limited resources and the increasing demand for food products in lands with low or limited fertility, it can be cultivated well and produces a good product.
Methods: This experiment was conducted with the aim of investigating the simultaneous effect of drought stress and heavy metals on the quinoa plant, in a factorial format in a completely randomized design with 3 replications. The first component involved two levels of soil (contaminated and uncontaminated), and the second factor, three levels of drought stress (100% of field capacity 60% of field capacity, and 30% of field capacity).
Results: Interaction effect of soil type and drought stress was significant on all traits except the fresh weight of shoot and plant height. The lowest amount of fresh and dry weight of roots, dry weight of shoot and weight of thousand seeds was observed in contaminated soil with severe drought stress. Nevertheless, the weight of 1000 quinoa seeds under the influence of moderate drought stress was not significantly different from the condition without drought stress. Examining the simple effects showed that soil contamination with heavy metals caused a decrease of 13.7% in fresh weight of shoot and 30.5% decrease in dry weight of shoot compared to plants grown in uncontaminated soil.
Conclusion: In general, it can be stated that the increase in drought stress has significantly reduced root fresh weight and 1000 seed weight in quinoa, but the percentage and ratio of this reduction in soil contaminated with heavy metals was much higher than that of non-contaminated soil. According to the results of this research, the cultivation of quinoa can be investigated as a promising plant in soils with similar limitations.
Mehdi Ghaffari
Abstract
To study the effect of row spacing and plant density on agronomic traits of dual purpose sunflower; cultivar Lakomka two years' study from 2014 was carried out as a factorial experiment based on RCB design with four replications in Khoy. The experimental treatments included row spacing at two levels ...
Read More
To study the effect of row spacing and plant density on agronomic traits of dual purpose sunflower; cultivar Lakomka two years' study from 2014 was carried out as a factorial experiment based on RCB design with four replications in Khoy. The experimental treatments included row spacing at two levels (60 and 75 cm) and five plant densities (30, 45, 60, 75 and 90 thousands P ha-1). According to the results there were no significant difference between 60 and 75 cm row spacing for any of the studied traits; however plant density had significant effect on all of the traits. Phenological stages accelerated and head diameter decreased but plant height and oil content increased as plant density increased. Seed weight decreased from115 g to 84 g while oil content increased from 36% to 39% as plant density increased from 30 to 90000 P.ha-1. The highest seed and oil yields (4132 and 1611 kg ha-1) were observed in plant density of 75000 P.ha-1. The regression analyses revealed that oil content, plant height and seed number, are the most effective traits for predictor of oil yield. The results of this study indicated that plant densities of 75 and 45000 P.ha-1 are optimum densities for production of cultivar Lakomka with higher oil yield and as confectionary use in Khoy, West Azarbaijan.
Mahsa Mohammadi; Afshin Tavakoli; Majid Pouryousef; Ehsan Mohsenifard
Abstract
In order to evaluate the increment possibility of bean seed yield by the application of brassinosteroid, a split factorial experiment was conducted based on randomized complete block design with three replications at the research farm of Agriculture Faculty, the University of Zanjan during the 2016-2017 ...
Read More
In order to evaluate the increment possibility of bean seed yield by the application of brassinosteroid, a split factorial experiment was conducted based on randomized complete block design with three replications at the research farm of Agriculture Faculty, the University of Zanjan during the 2016-2017 cropping season. In this experiment, irrigation levels included optimal irrigation and drought stress were applied to main plots and bean cultivars including Kusha cultivar and COS16 genotype, and four levels of brassinosteroid including of no-application (control), two, four and six μM were allocated to subplots as factorial. Drought stress was applied at the flowering stage, and bean plants were sprayed with brassinosteroid (epibrassinolide) simultaneously with drought stress. The results showed that drought stress decreased leaf area index, yield components, seed yield, biological yield and harvest index and the application of epibrassinolide minimized the negative effects of drought stress and increased in the above traits. The highest seed yield was obtained by application of two μM of epibrassinolide with an average of 2068.2 kg.ha-1. Also, among the studied cultivars, the Kusha cultivar under optimal irrigation with an average of 3025.45 kg.ha-1 showed a higher seed yield compared to COS16 genotype. Therefore, the use of epibrassinolide can be suggested as a solution to increase drought stress resistance and enhance seed yield of bean under optimal irrigation and drought stress conditions.
Ali Reza Borjian; Amir hooshang Jalali
Abstract
Pulses crops with nitrogen fixation ability have a special place in the crop rotation. In order to comparethe agronomic characteristics of five promising lines of pinto beans with Sadri and local Khomeincultivars as control a study was conducted at 2011- 2012 cropping seasons, in three cities ofFereidoonshahr, ...
Read More
Pulses crops with nitrogen fixation ability have a special place in the crop rotation. In order to comparethe agronomic characteristics of five promising lines of pinto beans with Sadri and local Khomeincultivars as control a study was conducted at 2011- 2012 cropping seasons, in three cities ofFereidoonshahr, Dehaghane and Semirom in Isfahan Province. Randomized complete block design withfour replications was used for the study. In Fereidoonshahr area, yields of KS21191, E9, and E10 hopefullines were respectively, 3035, 3412 and 3455 kg ha-1, without significantly different from Sadri controlcultivar, but were respectively 37, 21.8 and 20.3% less than Khomein local varieties. In Dehaghane area,yields of all hopeful lines were significantly less than both control cultivars. In Semirom region, hopefullines of E9 and E10, respectively, with yields of 2900 and 2720 kg ha-1 had equivalent yield with twocontrol varieties. Number of pods per plant and seeds per pod were the two major components thatexplain a significant part of the difference between the genotypes. Trend of harvest index change weresimilar in the two regions Dehaghane and Fereidoonshahr and Khomein local cultivars, respectively with42.8 and 38.8 HI percent, had the highest HI values. In Semirom region, harvest index for Sadri andKhomein cultivars and lines E9 and E10, were 37.1, 36.8, 35.8 and 36.5 percent respectively. Accordingto the results of this study, yield of E9 and E10 lines, in both Fereidoonshahr and Semirom regions, andyield of KS21191 line, only in Fereidoonshahr can be equal with the yield of control cultivar. Thepromising lines of this study were not appropriate for the Semirom area.