Mohaddese Heydarzade; Seyed MohammadReza Ehteshami; Mohammad Rabiee
Abstract
Despite the progress of the livestock industry in Iran, the production of forage plants commensurate with this development has not been considered. Therefore, this study has been conducted during 2017, with the need to produce feed for livestock and poultry and with the aim of determining the best density ...
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Despite the progress of the livestock industry in Iran, the production of forage plants commensurate with this development has not been considered. Therefore, this study has been conducted during 2017, with the need to produce feed for livestock and poultry and with the aim of determining the best density and planting date on quantitative and qualitative characteristics of Guar forage. Taking place in the Rasht Rice research Institute-station located in the Village of GilPordehsar in the Sangar city, it evaluates four planting date (May 12, May 26, June 9, and June 23) and three plant densities (200, 400 and 600 plant.ha-1) factorially in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Results show that the planting date of May 26 and the density of 600 plant.ha-1 in terms of fresh forage yield (35.02 t/ha), crude protein (19.02%), dry matter (54.35%), and carbohydrate (26.12%) are superior to other planting dates and plant density under test. The highest yield of dry forage (6.1 t/ha) and neutral detergent fiber (58.23%) has been observed on May 12 and a density of 600 plant.ha-1. The amount of crude fiber has increased with delay in planting, but the percentage of Ash is not affected by different planting dates and densities. According to the results, in order to obtain the highest quantity and quality of forage in Guilan Province, the planting date of May 26 and the density of 600 plant.ha-1 is recommended.
Mohsen Seilsepour
Abstract
To evaluate the effects of different application methods of humic acid and aminochelate (Foliar application and soil application) on growth and yield of cucumber (Cucumis sativus. L), an experiment has been conducted under greenhouse conditions with factorial design based on randomized complete block ...
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To evaluate the effects of different application methods of humic acid and aminochelate (Foliar application and soil application) on growth and yield of cucumber (Cucumis sativus. L), an experiment has been conducted under greenhouse conditions with factorial design based on randomized complete block with three replications during two years (2018-2019) in Tehran agricultural a natural resources research and education center. The humic acid factors are as three levels (untreated, soil application, and foliar spray) and aminochelate factor are as three levels (untreated, soil application, and foliar spraying). The effects of humic acid, the effects of aminochelate, and their intraction on yield, number of fruits per plant, fruit dry matter, and leaf chlorophyll index have been significant. The highest fruit yield, number of fruits per plant, fruit dry matter, and leaf chlorophyll index are obtained from soil application of humic acid and aminocholate, being 57.4%, 58.6%, 56.4%, and 43.8%, more than the control, respectively. Also, the effects of humic acid, the effects of amino chelate, and their intraction have been significant on concentration of macronutrients in leaf. The highest concentrations of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, and magnesium of the leaves are obtained from the application of humic acid and aminoclate in soil. Thus, the concentration of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium due to soil application of humic acid and aminolate increase by 44%, 51%, and 5%8, respectively. Based on the results, in order to achieve the maximum yield of greenhouse cucumber, the combined use of humic acid and aminocholate as soil application is recommended.
esmaeil afshoon; Mohammad Reza Jahansooz; Hossein Moghadam; Mostafa Oveisi
Abstract
To study the effect of nitrogen fertilizer and irrigation regimes on some crop growth indices of forage maize under conventional and conservation tillage system, an experiment has been conducted in split plots with a randomized complete block design and three replications at University of Tehran’s ...
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To study the effect of nitrogen fertilizer and irrigation regimes on some crop growth indices of forage maize under conventional and conservation tillage system, an experiment has been conducted in split plots with a randomized complete block design and three replications at University of Tehran’s farm during 2018. Tillage systems, as the main plot in two factors, include conversation and conventional tillage, whereas water stress, being the subplot, is in three levels which are 30%, 60%, and 90% of moisture requirement. Also, nitrogen fertilizer, as the sub-sub plot, is at three levels, 0, 50%, and 100% of the recommended rate. Results in the flowering stage show that the highest leaf area index (6.28) and crop growth rate (34.01 gr m-2 day-1) have been obtained from the interaction between slight water stress (90% of crop water demand) and nitrogen (100% of crop demand) as well as the interaction between slightly water stress and 100% nitrogen in conventional tillage, respectively. The highest relative growth rate (0.08 gr gr-1 day-1) and total dry matter (1006.86 gr m-2) belong to simple impact of 100% nitrogen along with the interaction of slightly water stress and 100% nitrogen in conventional tillage, respectively. Results show that under severe water stress and higher application of nitrogen, the fertilizer will cause less crop dry matter under conventional tillage.
Benjamin Torabi; Najebullah Ebrahimi; Afshin Soltani; Ebrahim Zeinali
Abstract
The present study was conducted to parameterize the SSM_iCrop model and evaluate the prediction of growth and development of faba bean in Gorgan climate condition. This study was carried out on faba bean cv."Barkat" as split-plot in randomized complete block design with four replications at Gorgan University ...
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The present study was conducted to parameterize the SSM_iCrop model and evaluate the prediction of growth and development of faba bean in Gorgan climate condition. This study was carried out on faba bean cv."Barkat" as split-plot in randomized complete block design with four replications at Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources in 2015-2016. The experimental factors consisted of planting date (27 November, 25 December and 31 January) and plant density (5, 15, 25 and 35 plants/m2). The parameters of phonological stages, leaf expansion and senescence, production and distribution of dry matter and water balance were estimated using the present data experiment and other data. The results of model evaluation showed that, it can well predict, days to flowering (RMSE = 3.8 and CV =4.1), days to maturity (RMSE = 11.9 and CV= 8.1), node number on main stem (RMSE = 1.7 and CV = 10.0), leaf area index (RMSE =0.8 CV =28.8), biological yield (RMSE = 158.5 and CV =21.6) and seed yield (RMSE = 118.6 and CV = 24.7). Therefore, the SSM_iCrop model can be used to evaluate the agronomic management and analyze the growth and yield of faba bean in Gorgan conditions.
Kamal Sadat Asilan
Abstract
To evaluate the impact from the interaction of nitrogen and herbicides on weed control of maize along with the yield and yield components of maize, an experiment has been conducted in a randomized completer block design as factorial arrangement with three replications at Tarbiat Modares University. The ...
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To evaluate the impact from the interaction of nitrogen and herbicides on weed control of maize along with the yield and yield components of maize, an experiment has been conducted in a randomized completer block design as factorial arrangement with three replications at Tarbiat Modares University. The first factor includes nicosulfuron (2 l.ha-1), 2,4-D+ MCPA (1.5 L.ha-1), weed-infesting, and weed free (hand hoeing) as control. The second factor is application of 350 kg.ha-1 nitrogen from urea source and no nitrogen application as control. Results indicate that application of nitrogen boosts nicosulfuron efficacy in controlling broad- and narrow-leaved weeds, though it does not affect 2,4-D+ MCPA efficacy in controlling broad-leaved weeds. The application of herbicide and nitrogen has no significant effect on corn yield components, but the number of grains per row increase significantly when both nicosulfuron and nitrogen are applied together. Application of nicosulfuron and nitrogen increases the grain yield by 94%, compared with sole application of nicosulfuron. Application of both nitrogen and 2,4-D+ MCPA has no effect on corn grain yield. Results show that the application of nicosulfuron and nitrogen can be the best option for satisfactory weed control and maximum grain yield in the corn.
Babak Gholami; Faride Noroozi shahri; Farzad Mondani; Saeid Jalali honarmand; Mohsen Saeidi
Abstract
In order to evaluating effect of smoke-water and urea fertilizer on some growth indices, grain yield and yield components of wheat, a field experiment was conducted as a split plot based on Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications. The experiment was conducted during the season of 2015-2016 ...
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In order to evaluating effect of smoke-water and urea fertilizer on some growth indices, grain yield and yield components of wheat, a field experiment was conducted as a split plot based on Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications. The experiment was conducted during the season of 2015-2016 at Razi University Research Station, Iran. The experimental treatments were different levels of urea fertilizer application (included 90, 180, 300 and 360 kg ha-1) as main plot and leaf foliar application with different concentrations of smoke-water (included 0, 0.001%, 0.01%, 0.1% and 1% v/v) as sub plot. The results showed that smoke-water significantly improved all evaluated traits and increased wheat grain yield compared to control treatment in all urea fertilizer levels. The highest grain yield (922 g m-2) was obtained in application of 350 kg ha-1 urea and smoke-water at concentration of 1% v/v and the lowest grain yield (339 g m-2) was related to application 90 kg ha-1 urea and foliar with distilled water. The grain yield improved 15.22%, 11.36%, 7.18% and 7.67% by application of 90, 180, 300 and 360 urea kg ha-1 respectively, in smoke-water 1% concentration compared to the control treatment. It seems that smoke-water via improve increasing nitrogen efficiency could increase growth indices and grain yield of wheat.
Shiva Akbari
Abstract
The goal of this study was to investigate climatic factors, crop management and plant growth traits, using a simple model to simulate growth and yield of soybean in Tehran climatic condition in order to be use as an efficient tool to study effective factors on yield. The model was evaluated under Tehran ...
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The goal of this study was to investigate climatic factors, crop management and plant growth traits, using a simple model to simulate growth and yield of soybean in Tehran climatic condition in order to be use as an efficient tool to study effective factors on yield. The model was evaluated under Tehran condition. Soybean is one of the important resources of herbal oil and protein. At the current study, production and partitioning of dry matter in vegetative parts and grains of soybean were investigated by changing the parameters of base temperature, the maximum leaf area index and the fraction of crop total dry matter at the beginning of grain growth. Decreasing and increasing of base temperature caused to decrease and increase the phenological stages, changing the production of dry matter and the allocation of dry matter to vegetative organs and grains. Decreasing and increasing of the fraction of remobilized dry matter to grains lead to enhance and reduce harvest index, respectively. To model evaluation, some statistics on differences between observed and simulated values were used. The simulated yield ranges were within 1890-2220 kg.ha-1 with mean values of 1982.5 kg.ha-1 and the observed yield ranges were 1632-2254 kg.ha-1 with mean values of 2014.5 kg.ha-1. The RMSE was 178.48 kg.ha-1 that was equal to 9% of average of observed and predicted values. All data points were included at the 80% of 1:1 line and it indicated that the model had suitable accuracy to predict soybean yield in Tehran climatic condition.
Shahram Lak; Gholam Reza Abadouz; Zahra Nekoeianfar
Abstract
To assessment Alfalfa cultivars research project this research has been fulfilled in 2011 at Khouzestan Agricultural and Natural Resource Research Center in southwest of Ahwaz in Khouzestan province (Iran) by position 31º20′ N, 48º40′ E. At first section for evaluation wet forage ...
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To assessment Alfalfa cultivars research project this research has been fulfilled in 2011 at Khouzestan Agricultural and Natural Resource Research Center in southwest of Ahwaz in Khouzestan province (Iran) by position 31º20′ N, 48º40′ E. At first section for evaluation wet forage yield cultivars such as “Baghdadi”, “Mesasersa”, “Yazdi”, “Bami”, “Nikshahri”, “Synthetic” (Main factor) and two cutting time (Sub factor) according harvest time in four experiment by statistical plane of split plot based randomized complete block design in four replication was conducted. In summer cutting cultivar at 5% flowering stage, autumn cutting at 6-8 cm height of crown buds, winter cutting at 10-12 cm height of crown buds and spring cutting cultivars harvested at 15% flowering stage. Second section was conducted according statistical plane was mentioned expect sub factor include four level. Result showed Baghdadi, Mesasersa and Synthetic were superior to another cultivars and harvest time on forage yield and also interaction effect of factors on all traits expect stem diameter and number of stem in square meter were significant at 1% probability level. Because of climate factors in summer and spring cutting 25-30 day was best period for growing season. In autumn and winter cutting according low flowering it possible use growing degree days and period of received sunshine hours, their values in order 300-350 and 400-450 hours (Enough time), as well as Baghdadi, Mesasersa and Synthetic cultivars were superior in all cutting.
Fereshteh Roshan; Mohammad Moradi Telavat; Seyed Ataollah Siadat
Abstract
To evaluate the effect of Zn sulfate foliar application on morphologic and quantitative characteristics of safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) cultivars, a field experiment carried out in Ramin Agriculture and Natural Resources University of Khouzestan, Iran, in a Factorial arrangement in a randomized ...
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To evaluate the effect of Zn sulfate foliar application on morphologic and quantitative characteristics of safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) cultivars, a field experiment carried out in Ramin Agriculture and Natural Resources University of Khouzestan, Iran, in a Factorial arrangement in a randomized complete block design with four replications, during 2012-2013. Treatments consisted of two spring safflower cultivars (Soffeh and Local of Esfahan) and time of foliar application of zinc sulfate (no spraying, spraying at the stem elongation, branching, flowering and grain filling), were considered. The results indicated that foliar application of zinc sulfate were significant effect on morphologic characteristics, number of head per plant and per square meter, 1000 grain weight, grain yield, biological yield and oil yield. Effect of cultivar on first branch height, number of secondry branch, head diameter, number of head per plant and per squar meter and number of grain per head was significant. Interaction of cultivar and foliar application has significant effect on grain oil contents. The spraying in the stem elongation and branching stage indicated maximum effect on morphologic characteristics. The maximum grain yield and yield components and oil yield were obtained in spraying in the branching stage. The spraying in the stem elongation stage increased biological yield. The highest amount of grain oil content was obtained in cultivar of Soffeh with spraying in the stem elongation stage. The experiment result indicated that local cultivar of Esfahan and spraying in the branching stage, had best morphological traits and yield of safflower in the climatic conditions of the experimental area.
Irandokht Mansoori
Abstract
In order to evaluate row spacing and microelements spraying on yield and some morphological traits ofpeppermint, a split plot experiment was conducted based on randomized complete block design with fourreplications in Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University during 2010-2011. Threelevels ...
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In order to evaluate row spacing and microelements spraying on yield and some morphological traits ofpeppermint, a split plot experiment was conducted based on randomized complete block design with fourreplications in Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University during 2010-2011. Threelevels of row spacing (50 × 10, 50 × 20 and 50 × 30 cm) and two levels of microelements (no sprayingand spraying) were evaluated on peppermint at two harvesting time. The results showed that the firstharvesting had significant effect on plant height, oil yield and dry matter. Maximum oil yield (19.1 lit.ha1)and dry matter (1121.3 kg.ha-1) was obtained in the first harvesting time. Microelements had significanteffect on wet matter (3321.3 kg.ha-1), dry matter (987.7 kg.ha-1) and oil yield (19.63 lit.ha-1). Maximumdry matter (1015.5 kg.ha-1) and oil yield (20.31 lit.ha-1) was obtained in (50 × 20 cm) row spacing withspraying. 50 × 20 cm row spacing with spraying recommended, because of maximum oil yield inpeppermint.
Esmail Ghorbanpour; Farshid Ghaderifar; Javid Gherekhloo
Abstract
To evaluate the competition effect of velvetleaf on cotton, an experiment was conducted in a completelyrandomized block design with split plot arrangement of treatments with three replications at ExperimentalStation of Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources during 2011 growingseason. ...
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To evaluate the competition effect of velvetleaf on cotton, an experiment was conducted in a completelyrandomized block design with split plot arrangement of treatments with three replications at ExperimentalStation of Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources during 2011 growingseason. The treatments were three row spacing (20, 40 and 80cm) of cotton (as main plot) and fivedensities (0 (control), 1, 3, 5 and 12 plant per m-2) of velvetleaf (as subplot). The highest cotton height(129.4 cm) was obtained in 80 cm cotton row spacing and weed free condition. Also, maximum cottondry matter (863.8 g m-2) and leaf area index (9.04) was achieved in the plot of 20cm cotton row spacingand weed free condition. Results indicated that row spacing had no significant effect on cotton yieldunder weed free condition. The highest yield (4986.73 kg ha-1) was obtained in 40 cm cotton row spacingand weed free condition. However, results showed that in ultra narrow row, increasing the plant densitylead to increase of the crop ability to resource using in compared with weed and have producedsustainable yield in competition with over weed density in compared with conventional row.
Lotfali Saadeghi-Azar; Shahab Madah Hoseini; Asghar Rahimi; Ali Akbar Mohammadi Mirik
Abstract
To investigate the effects of salinity stress on some germination and vegetative growth indices of lentil (Lens culinaris Medic) genotypes, two separate experiments were conducted at glasshouse and laboratory of College of Agriculture, Vali-e-Asr University of Rafsanjan. In the first one, three electrical ...
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To investigate the effects of salinity stress on some germination and vegetative growth indices of lentil (Lens culinaris Medic) genotypes, two separate experiments were conducted at glasshouse and laboratory of College of Agriculture, Vali-e-Asr University of Rafsanjan. In the first one, three electrical conductivities (including one, three and seven dS.m-1) were applied on germinating seeds of seven accessions and two cultivars of lentil and germination indices were investigated. In the second experiment, same salinities were applied on soils of pots on the same genotypes. After four weeks, dry mass and leaf areas were measured. Results showed that germination percentage, radical to plumule ratio, leaf area and dry matter per plant reduced with increasing in salinity levels; however there was no significant difference between EC= 4 and 7, except for germination percentage. On the other hand, considerable genotypic variation was observed in response to salinity in both stages but there was no significant correlation between tolerance to salinity in germination and vegetative growth phases. In the situation of this study, it seems that damage to growth at germination and vegetative phase induced by EC= 7 was relatively higher than EC=4.