Neda Hossinzadeh; Alireza Pirzad
Abstract
Objective: Bean is a global crop and drought stress has many adverse effects on this plant, so it is necessary to use materials that can reduce the harmful effects of stress in plants and also have compatibility with the environment. Therefore, this study was conducted in order to investigate the effect ...
Read More
Objective: Bean is a global crop and drought stress has many adverse effects on this plant, so it is necessary to use materials that can reduce the harmful effects of stress in plants and also have compatibility with the environment. Therefore, this study was conducted in order to investigate the effect of humic acid and the availability of phosphorus and substituted chemical fertilizers on the physiological response of the common bean.Method: The research was carried out in the Meshkin Shahr city, Aghblag village, with a latitude of 38o 21’ 31” N and a longitude of 47o 39’ 53” E. This study was carried out as a factorial experiment in the form of a completely randomized design with two factors and three repetitions. The first factor: drought stress in two levels of full irrigation (100% FC) and deficit irrigation (70% FC); second factor: different sources of fertilizers in 6 levels (chemical P, biological P (Barvar 2), Half chemical P+ Barvar 2 (100 grams/hectare), chemical P (150 kg/hectare)+ Humic Acid (10 liters/hectare), Barvar 2+Humic Acid, and Half chemical P+Barvar 2+ Humic Acid.Results: The results showed that applying deficit irrigation led to a decrease in some physiological traits such as chlorophyll a and b, while the fertilizer treatment, especially half of phosphate chemical P + Barvar 2 + humic acid significantly increased chlorophyll a, b and total chlorophyll, and increased the absorption of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium nutrients. The malondialdehyde as a result of the application of phosphate half chemical P + Barvar 2+ Humic Acid, and the activity of the Superoxide Dismutase as a result of drought stress and the treatment of phosphate half chemical P + Barvar 2+ Humic Acid were increased. In the full irrigation treatment (100% FC), no significant statistical differences were observed in seed weight increase among most fertilizer treatments. However, in the deficit irrigation treatment, it was observed that applying stress and fertilizer treatment led to an increase in seed weight, such that the highest seed yield (6,448.2 kg per hectare) was related to deficit irrigation and the fertilizer treatment of "half chemical phosphate fertilizer + bio-phosphate fertilizer Barvar2 + humic acid."Conclusion: In general, drought stress led to a decrease in the yield and growth factors of beans, and the combined treatment of biofertilizer and humic acid reduced the effect of stress and maintained the plant yield under stress conditions.
Fatemeh Samadzadeh; Alireza Pirzad; Hossein Zeinalzadeh-Tabrizi
Abstract
Determining the appropriate planting arrangement and plant density leads to better productivity of resources and increased yield per unit area. In this regard, an experiment was conducted in the Ardabil agricultural and natural resources research and education center (Moghan) during the 2021 crop year. ...
Read More
Determining the appropriate planting arrangement and plant density leads to better productivity of resources and increased yield per unit area. In this regard, an experiment was conducted in the Ardabil agricultural and natural resources research and education center (Moghan) during the 2021 crop year. This experiment uses a strip plot design based on randomized complete blocks with four replications. Its main factor is the effect of planting rows at a spacing of 30, 45, and 60 cm with planting spacing of 5, 8, 11, and 14 cm serving as the subfactor. According to the results, by increasing the distance between plants on the planting row, the maximum days to flowering initiation (47.25 days), growth period (122.25 days), stem diameter (8.33 mm), number of branches (2.97), and capsule length (24.20 mm) of sesame can be observed at a planting distance of 14 cm between the plants. Row spacing of 45 to 30 cm increases the number of capsules per plant, the number of seeds per capsule, and 1000-seed weight of sesame by 33%, 18.50%, and 16%, respectively. The highest seed yield, fresh and dry weight belong to 1455.40, 5021.80, and 1280.73 kg/ha, respectively, at 45 cm distance between planting rows. The results from this experiment show that planting arrangement with a distance between plants of 14 cm and a distance between planting rows of 45 cm, with optimal use of environmental resources is suitable for cultivation in Moghan plain and recommended for local farmers.
Peyman Mohammadzadeh Toutounchi; Alireza Pirzad; Jalal Jalilian
Abstract
In order to investigate the effect of biological and organic fertilizers on the yield (quality and quantity) of chicory forage under rainfed condition, a factorial experiment was conducted at Urmia University based on randomized complete block design with three replications in 2016. Treatments included ...
Read More
In order to investigate the effect of biological and organic fertilizers on the yield (quality and quantity) of chicory forage under rainfed condition, a factorial experiment was conducted at Urmia University based on randomized complete block design with three replications in 2016. Treatments included control, Mycorrhiza (AMF), Thiobacillus bacteria (Thio), AMF+Thio, Vermicompost (V), AMF+V, Thio+V and AMF+Thio+V that their effects were evaluated in two growth stages (before stem elongation and full flowering). In comparison with control, the AMF+Thio+V increased dry forage yield, dry matter digestibility, crude protein yield and water soluble carbohydrates yield 99.72%, 143.21%, 68.54% and 76% in full flowering stage, respectively, and this treatment had lowest acid detergent fiber content at both growth stages among all treatments. In general, the use of Mycorrhiza and Thiobacillus together with vermicompost, improved the quantitative and qualitative performance of chicory forage in rainfed condition.
Alireza Pirzad; Manoochehr Alizade; Abdollah Hassanzadeh Gorttapeh; Reza Darvishzade
Abstract
To evaluate the effect of gamma rays on the seeds and amounts of nitrogen on growth and yield of chamomile (Chamomilla recutita synonym Matricaria chamomilla), a factorial experiment was conducted based on randomized complete block design with three replications at the Research Farm of Agriculture College ...
Read More
To evaluate the effect of gamma rays on the seeds and amounts of nitrogen on growth and yield of chamomile (Chamomilla recutita synonym Matricaria chamomilla), a factorial experiment was conducted based on randomized complete block design with three replications at the Research Farm of Agriculture College of Shahid-Beheshti.-Urmia in 2010. Treatments were gamma rays from cobalt-60 on chamomile seeds cv. ‘Bodegold’ (zero, four, eight, 12, 16, and 20 Gray) and different levels of nitrogen (zero, 50, 100, and 150 kg/ha, urea after appearance of the 4th leaf). The highest leaf dry weight per plant (12.5 g) and per hectare (4194 kg/ha), stem dry weight per plant (49 g) and biomass (19995 kg/ha) were obtained at 8 gray and 100, 100, 150, and 150 kg/ha of nitrogen. The highest dried flower yield at the second harvest (104 kg/ha) were obtained from 20 gray by 100 kg/ha nitrogen, and the yield of the third harvest (122 kg/ha) was from 20 gray of gamma irradiation. While, the highest flower yield at the first harvest (419 kg/ha) and total yield (533 kg/ha) were produced from 0 gray and 150 kg/ha nitrogen. Essential oil percent did not affected by treatments, but despite the significant interaction effect of gamma irradiation and nitrogen on the yield of essential oil, means comparison showed no significant differences among treatments. Yield of dried flower in the first harvest, had the greatest impact on the harvest index.
Jalal Jalilian; Azimeh Khade; Alireza Pirzad
Abstract
To study effect of Fe and Zn spraying on some characteristics of mungbean, an experiment was designed as factorial based on randomized complete block with three replications in Urmia University, 2012. Treatments were nutrition systems (organic, chemical, integrated and no nutrition) and micronutrients ...
Read More
To study effect of Fe and Zn spraying on some characteristics of mungbean, an experiment was designed as factorial based on randomized complete block with three replications in Urmia University, 2012. Treatments were nutrition systems (organic, chemical, integrated and no nutrition) and micronutrients (Fe, zinc, no foliar application and water spraying). The plant height, pod length, number of pod, number of grain in pod, and grain yield were obtained from plants treated with organic as well as chemical and integrated fertilization systems. With regards to obtain the maximum biomass (3421.8 kg/ha) and eco-friendly benefits of organic system, it is recommended as suitable fertilization treatment. The highest plant height (37.78 cm) and grain yield (800.8 kg/ha) obtained from Zn spraying, while the highest biological yield (3250.80 kg/ha) from Fe spraying and foliar application of micronutrients were the same, statistically. In conclusion, Zn and Fe spraying cause to increase the yield and yield component of mungbean.