Document Type : Research Paper
Authors
1 Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, golestsn, iran
2 Professor , Department of Agronomy, Gorgan The University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources
3 Assistant of Professor, Department of Agronomy, Gorgan The University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources
4 Ph.D. Student, Department of Agronomy, Gorgan The University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources
Abstract
Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) as one of the most important agronomic crops has a special status in Iran. Reducing the yield gap is one of the ways to raise the production. In order to, the production rate and the wheat yield gap in Golestan province were analyzed by using a simple simulation model SSM– Wheat and GIS software. For this purpose, the managerial information of wheat farming and cultivation were collected based on the provincial level and with regards to the information of 25 weather station and the region soil information, the potential yield was simulated in the irrigated and rainfed conditions at the provincial level and then the potential yield zoning was performed in the GIS and then with regards to the farmer's production rate and real yield at the provincial level, the yield gap and the production one were also calculated in the irrigated and rainfed conditions. Results indicated that the yield average of irrigated and rainfed potential with regards to the figures and current agricultural methods are respectively 8.140 and 4.930 kg per hectare. Also, the potential production in the irrigated and rainfed conditions was obtained equal to 1.357 and 1.112 million tons (total 2.469 million tons). Results showed that in case of studying and removing the factors which may cause the yield gap in the said province, the wheat production can be increased from the current 926 thousand tons to 1.975 million tons. Based on the results of Golestan province, the most important factors causing wheat yield vacuum with current cultivars and agronomic management, improper irrigation management, improper cultivation of cultivars and inappropriate use of basic fertilizers, road and low fertilizer, and for eliminating yield vacuum, use of 165 to 215 kg of seed per hectare, using certified seeds of suitable cultivars for water and dry farming, consuming at least 50 kg of phosphorus fertilizer (equivalent to P2O5) during cultivation, consuming at least 95 kg of pure nitrogen per hectare and integrating farms are suggested.
Keywords
19-41.
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