Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 Vali-e-Asr University

2 vali-e-Asr University

3 Vali-e-Asr university

Abstract

In order to investigate the effects of irrigation intervals on pigments and biochemical components of four grapevine cultivars (Yaghooti-e-Ghermez, Askari, Sahebi and Keshmeshi-e-Sefid), an experiment was conducted with five irrigation treatments (3, 6, 9, 12 and 15 days interval) in four replications in greenhouse in 2012. The results of this experiment showed that irrigation intervals have effected on physiological and biochemical factors of grapevine cultivars. The amount of chlorophyll a, b and total chlorophyll in four cultivars were reduced with increasing irrigation intervals, and maximum reduction was observed in 15 days interval irrigation in four cultivars. The maximum and the minimum of chlorophyll a, b, total chlorophyll and carotenoids content were observed in ‘Sahebi’ at 6 days interval irrigation and ‘Askari’ at 15 days, respectively. Total soluble sugars, phenolic compounds and proline contents of leaves in all cultivars increased and leaf relative water content decreased with increasing diurnal irrigation. The maximum leaf relative water content and proline was observed in Sahebi cultivar and the minimum value was belonged to Yaghooti-e-Ghermez and Askari cultivars. Based on the results of this study, it seems that Sahebi cultivar had more tolerant in increasing irrigation intervals compared to Yaghooti-e-Ghermez, Askari and Keshmeshi-e-Sefid cultivars.

Keywords

احمدی ک، قلی‌‌زاده ح، عبادزاده ح ر، حسین‌پور ر، حاتمی ف، عبدشاه ه، رضایی م م، کاظمی‌فرد ر و فضلی استبرق م (1394) آمارنامة کشاورزی سال 1393. جلد سوم، وزارت جهادکشاورزی، تهران. 147 ص.
امیرقاسمی ت (1383) انگور، کاشت- داشت- برداشت- فرآوری. آیندگان، تهران. 192 صفحه.
پروین پ، خضری م و توسلیان ا (1393) بررسی تأثیر تنش خشکی بر برخی شاخص‏های ریخت‏شناسی، فیزیولوژیکی و بیوشیمیایی دانهال گردوی ایرانی. پژوهش‏های تولید گیاهی. 21(3): 1-25.
جلیلی مرندی ر، حسنی ع، دولتی بانه ح، عزیزی ح و حاجی تقی‏لو ر (1390) تأثیر سطوح مختلف رطوبت خاک بر خصوصیات مورفولوژی و فیزیولوژیکی سه رقم انگور (Vitis vinifera L.). علوم باغبانی ایران. 42(1):31-40.
حیدری شریف‏آباد ح (1379) گیاه، خشکی و خشکسالی. مؤسسة تحقیقات جنگل‌ها و مراتع کشور. تهران 200ص.
رضایی ط، غلامی م، ارشادی ا و مصدقی م ر (1386) اثر تنش آبی بر خصوصیات رشدی و فیزیولوژیکی 5 رقم انگور (Vitis vinifera L.). آب و خاک و گیاه در کشاورزی. 7(4):199-210.
ستایش‌مهر ز و گنجعلی ع (1392) بررسی اثرات تنش خشکی بر رشد و خصوصیات فیزیولوژیکی گیاه شوید (Anethum graveolens L.). علوم باغبانی.27(1):27-35.
طلایی ع ر، قادری ن، عبادی ع و لسانی ح (1390) پاسخ‌های بیوشیمیایی دو رقم انگور ساهانی و بیدانه سفید به تغییرات پتانسیل آب خاک. علوم باغبانی ایران. 42(3):301-308.
فیفایی ر، فتوحی قزوینی ر، گلعین ب و حمیداوغلی ی (1394) اثر تنش خشکی بر مقدار پرولین، قندهای محلول، مالون دی‏آلدئید و رنگدانه‏ها در پایه‏های تجاری مرکبات شمال کشور. به‏زراعی کشاورزی. 17(4):939-952.
قادری ن، سی و سه مرده ع و شاهویی س ص (1385) بررسی اثر تنش خشکی بر برخی خصوصیات فیزیولوژیکی در دو رقم انگور. علوم کشاورزی ایران. 37(1):45-55.
Abbaspour H, Saeidi-Sar S and Afshari H (2012) Improving drought tolerance of Pistacia vera L. seedlings by arbuscular mycorrhiza under greenhouse conditions. Journal of Medicinal Plants Research. 5(32): 7065-7072.
Anjum SA, Xie XY, Wang LC, Saleem MF, Man C and Lei W (2011) Morphological, physiological and biochemical responses of plants to drought stress. African Journal of Agricultural Research. 6: 2026-2032.
Bannayan M, Nadjafi F, Azizi M, Tabrizi L and Rastgoo M (2008) Yield and seed quality of Plantago ovata and Nigella sativa under different irrigation treatments. Industrial Crops and Products. 27: 11-16.
Bartels D and Sunkar R (2005) Drought and salt tolerance in plants. Critical Reviews in Plant Sciences. 24: 23–58.
Bertamini M, Zulini L, Muthuchelian K and Nedunchezhian N (2006) Effect of water deficit on photosynthetic and other physiological responses in grapevine (Vitis vinifera L. cv. Riesling) plants. Photosynthetica. 44(1): 151-154.
 
Bettaieb I, Hamrouni-Sellami I, Bourgou S, Limam F and Marzouk B (2011) Drought effects on polyphenol composition and antioxidant activities in aerial parts of Salvia officinalis L. Acta Physiologiae Plantarum. 33: 1103–1111.
Bota J, Stasyk O, Flexas J and Medrano H (2004) Effect of water stress on partitioning of C labelled photosynthates in Vitis vinifera. Plant Biology. 31(7): 697–708.
Chang CC, Yang MH, Wen HM and Chern JC (2002) Estimation of total flavonoid content in propolis by two complementary colorimetric methods. Journal of Food and Drug Analysis 10: 178-182.
Demiral T and Turkan I (2004) Does exogenous glycinebetaine affect antioxidative system of rice seedlings under NaCl treatment? Journal of Plant Physiology. 161: 1089-1110.
Dixit V, Pandey V and Shyam R (2001) Differential antioxidative responses to cadmium in roots and leaves of pea. Journal of Experimental Botany. 52: 1101-1109.
Flexas J, Bota J, Loreto F, Cornic G and Sharkey TD (2004) Diffusive and metabolic limitations to photosynthesis under drought and salinity in C3 plants. Plant Biology. 6: 269–279.
Gashi B, Abdullai K and  Kongjika E (2012) Comparison of photosynthetic pigment contents of the resurrection plants Ramonda serbica and Ramonda nathaliae of some different populations from Kosovo, Albania and Macedonia. American Journal of Plant Sciences. 3: 1588-1593.
Ghaderi N, Talaie AR, Ebadi A and Lessani H (2011) The physiological response of three Iranian grape cultivars to progressive drought stress. Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology. 13: 601-610.
Gomez-Del-C M, Baeza P, Ruiz C and Lissarrague JR (2004) Water stress induced physiological changes in leaves of four container grown grapevine cultivars (Vitis vinifera L.). Vitis. 46: 99-105.
Irigoyen JJ, Emerich DW and Sanchez-Diaz M (1992) Water stress induced changing concentrations of proline and total soluble sugars in nodulated alfalfa (Medcago sativa) plants. Physiologia plantarum.84: 67-72.
Isfendiyaroglu M and Zeker E (2002) The relation between phenolic compound and seed dormancy in Pistacia spp. In: AKB  E (ed.). 11 Grema Serr Pistachios and Almond. Chieres Optins Mediterraneenes. pp. 232-277.
Jenks AM and Hasegawa M P (2005) Plant Abiotic Stress. Blackwell Publishing Ltd, Iowa,  290p.
Kameli A and Losel DM (1995) Contribution of carbohydrates and other solutes to osmotic adjustment in wheat leaves under water stress. Journal of Plant Physiology. 145: 363-366.
Khalid AK, Hendawy SF and El-Gezawy E (2006) Ocimum basilicum L. production under organic farming. Research Journal of Agriculture and Biological Sciences. 2(1): 25-32.
Kiani SP, Maury P, Sarrafi A and Grieu P (2008) “QTL analysis of chlorophyll fluorescence parameters in sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) under well-watered and water-stressed conditions”. Plant Science. 175: 565–573.
Lawlor DW and Cornic G (2002) Photosynthetic carbon assimilation and associated metabolism in relation to water deficits in higher plant. Plant Cell and Environment. 25: 275-294.
Lichtenthaler HK (1987) Chlorophylls and carotenoids: pigments of photosynthetic biomemranes. Methods Enzymol. 148: 350–382.
Madhava Roa KV, Raghavendra AS and Janardhan Reddy K (2006) Physiology and molecular biology of stress tolerance in plants (Eds.). Springer, Netherland, pp.15-39.
Mafakheri A, Siosemardeh A, Bahramnejad B, Struik PC and Sohrabi E (2010) Effect of drought stress on yield, proline and chlorophyll contents in three chickpea cultivars. Australian Journal of Crop Science. 4(8): 580-585.
Mahajan S and Tuteja N (2005) Cold, salinity and drought stresses: An overview. Biochemistry and Biophysics. 444: 139-158.
Oliviera-Neto CF, Silva-Lobato AK, Goncalves-Vidigal MC and Costa RCL Santos.Filho BG Alves GAR Silva-Maia WJM Cruz FJR Neres HKB and Santos Lopes MJ (2009) Carbon compounds and chlorophyll contents in sorghum submitted to water deficit during three growth stages. Science and Technology. 7: 588-593.
Paquin R and Lechasseur P (1979) Observations sure one method de dosage de la proline libber dens les extra its de plants. Canadian Journal of Botany. 57: 1851-1854.
Pinhero RG, Rao MV, Palyath G, Murr DP and Fletcher RA 2001. Changes in the activities of antioxidant enzymes and their relationship to genetic and paclobutrazol-induced chilling tolerance of maize seedlings. Plant Physiology. 114: 695-704.
Ranjan R, Bohra SP and Jeet AM (2001) Book of plant senescence. Jodhpur Agrobios, New York. pp. 18-42.
Rostami Shahraji T, Hajimerazi A and Shababian N (2010) Physiological responses of Pistacia khinjuk (stocks) seedling to water stress. International Journal of Biological Technology. 1(2):44-49.
Sairam RK, Deshmukh PS and Saxena DC (1998) Role of antioxidant systems in wheat. Genotype tolerance to water stress. Biologia Plantarum. 41(3): 387-394.
Sgherri CLM, Pinzino C and Navari-izzo F (2006) Chemical changes and O2 production in thylakoid membranes under water stress. Physiologia plantarum. 87: 211-216.
Shaheen MA, Hegazi AA and Hmmam SAI (2011) Effect of water stress on vegetative characteristics and leaves chemical constituents of come transplants olive cultivars. American-Eurasian Journal of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences. 11(5): 663-670.
Silva J, Oson J, Fonseca F and Correia M (2004) The effects of soil during and subsequent rewatering on the activiting of nitrate reductase in root and leaves of Helianthus annuus. Functional. Plant Biology. 31(6): 611-621.
Silva MA, Jifon JL, Silva JAG and Sharma V (2007) Use of physiological parameters as fast tools to screen for drought tolerance in sugarcane. Brazilian Journal of Plant Physiology. 19: 93–201.
Sircelj H, Tausz M, Grill D and Batic F (2007) Detecting different levels of drought stress in apple (Malus domestica Borkh.) with selected biochemical and physiological parameters. Scientia Horticulturae. 113: 362-369.
Tian X and Li Y (2006) Nitric oxide treatment alleviates drought stress in wheat seedlings. Biologia Plantarum. 50: 775-778.
Turner NC (1981) Techniques and experimental approaches for the measurement of plant water status. Plant and Soil. 58: 339-366.
Turner NC, Begg JE and Tonnet ML (1978) Osmatic adjustment of sorghum and sunflower crops in response to water deficit and its influence on water potential at which stomata close. Australian Journal of Plant Physiology. 5: 597-608.
Vahdati K and Lesli CA (2013) Abiotic Stress – Plant Responses and Application in Agriculture. InTech, Croatia, 410p.
Woodward AJ and Bennett IJ (2005) The effect of salt stress and abscisic acid on prolin production, chlorophyll content and growth of in vitro propagated shoots of Eucalyptus camaldulensis Plant Cell. Tissue and Organ Culture. 82(2): 189-200.
Yanbao L, Chunying Y and Chunyang L (2006). Differences in some morphological, physiological and biochemical responses to drought stress in two contrasting population of Populus przewalskii Physiologia Plantarum. 127: 182-191.
Yu X, Du X and Song L (2007) Effects of water stress on the growth and ecophysiology of seedlings of the Rhus typhina. Scientia Silvge Sinicae. 43: 57-61.