Journal of Crops Improvement

Current Issue

By Issue

By Author

By Subject

Author Index

Keyword Index

About Journal

Aims and Scope

Editorial Board

Publication Ethics

Indexing and Abstracting

Related Links

FAQ

Peer Review Process

Journal Metrics

News

Reviewers

Publons Membership and Review Guide

Instructions for removing the reviewers's name from the comments in Word

Effect of nitrogen and plant density on silage yield and quality of Maize c.v MV500 as second crop

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 Graduate M.Sc. Student, Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, College of Agriculture, Kurdistan University, Sanandaj, Iran

2 Assistant Professor, Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, College of Agriculture, Kurdistan University, Sanandaj, Iran

Abstract

A field experiment was conducted in order to study the effect of nitrogen fertilizer and plant density on yield and quality of Maize (Zea mays L.) cultivar, MV500 silage as second crop. This study was conducted in Agricultural Research Station of Kurdistan University during 2012 growing season. The experiment was laid out as split plot based on randomized complete block design with three replications. The main factor was three levels of nitrogen (115, 184 and 253 kg N. ha-1). Four plant densities (8, 10, 12 and 14 plants.m-2) assigned to subplots. The results showed that as nitrogen rate increased forage yield, and crude protein content increased but NDF and ADF percentage decreased. However, ash percentage did not change by nitrogen rate. Increasing in nitrogen rate more than 184Kg N/ha had no significant effect on forage yield, protein content and NDF. Although, forage yield increased and both protein content and NDF decreased as plant density increased but ADF and Ash percentage did not affect by plant density. In conclusion, nitrogen rate more than 184 Kg N/ha and plant density more than 12 pl.m-2 had no effects on forage yield and quality. Therefore, in order to avoid environmental pollutions and reduce production costs, more nitrogen rates and plant populations not recommended. 

Keywords

References
1 . اصغری ج، زراعی ب و برزگری م (1385) اثر تراکم و الگوی کاشت بر برخی صفات، عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد دو هیبرید ذرت (Zeamays L). علوم و صنایع کشاورزی. 20(2): 133-123.      
2 . آمارنامه محصولات زراعی (1393) جلد اول: محصولات زراعی (سال زراعی 92-1391). وزارت جهاد کشاورزی، معاونت برنامه‌ریزی و اقتصادی، مرکز فناوری اطلاعات و ارتباطات. 156 ص.
3 . رمضانی م و رضایی سوخت آبندانی ر (1390) بررسی تراکم و آرایش کاشت بر شاخص­های کیفی ذرت سیلویی در کشت دوم مازندران. فیزیولوژی گیاهان زراعی. 4(1): 67-49.
4 . صابری ع، مظاهری د و حیدری شریف آباد ح (1385) بررسی تأثیر تراکم و آرایش کاشت بر برخی از خصوصیات زراعی ذرت KSC647. علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی. 13(1): 76-67.
5 . مین‌باش معینی م (1374) اثرات تاریخ کاشت و تراکم بوته بر عملکرد و کیفیت علوفه ذرت علوفه­ای. دانشگاه صنعتی اصفهان. اصفهان. پایان‌نامه کارشناسی ارشد. 
6 . نقی­زاده م و گلوی م (1390) ارزیابی کیفیت علوفه در کشت مخلوط ذرت (Zea mays L.) و خلر (Lathyrus sativus L.) تحت تأثیر کودهای فسفری زیستی و شیمیایی. بوم‌شناسی کشاورزی. 4(1): 62-52. 
 
 7 . Almodares M, Jafarinia M and Hadi MR (2009) The Effects of Nitrogen Fertilizer on Chemical Compositions in Corn and Sweet Sorghum. American-Eurasian Journal of Agricultural and Environment Science. 6(4): 441-446.
8 . Al-Kaisi MM and Yin X (2003) Effects of Nitrogen Rate, Irrigation Rate, and Plant Population on Corn yield and Water Use Efficiency. Agronomy Journal. 95: 1475-1482.
9 . Arun KS (2002) A Handbook of Organic Farming. Publications of Agrobios, India, 627p.
10 . Aslam M, Iqbal A, IbniZamir MS, Mubeen M and Amin M (2011) Effect of different nitrogen levels and seed rates on yield and quality of maize fodder. Crop and Environment. 2(2): 47-51.
11 . Ayub M, Nadeem MA, Sharar MS and Mahmood N (2002) Response of maize (Zea mays L.) fodder to different levels of nitrogen and phosphorus. Asian Journal of Plant Sciences. 1(4): 352-354.
12 . Ayub M, Tanveer A, Nadeer MA and Tayyub M (2003) Fodder yield and quality of sorghum as influence by different tillage method and seed rates. Pakistan Journal of Agronomy. 2(3): 179-184. 
13 . Budakli Carpici E, Celik N and Bayram G (2010) Yield and quality of forage maize as influenced by plant density and nitrogen rate, Turkish Journal of Field Crops. 15(2): 128-132.
14 . FAOSTAT (2013). [online] available at: Faostat3.fao.org/compare/E
15 . Hail Y, Daci M and Tan M (2009) Evaluation of annual legumes and barley as sole crops and intercrop in spring frost conditions for animal feeding. Yield and quality. Journal of Animal Advance. 8(7): 1337-1342.
16 . Iptas S and Acar AA (2006) Effects of Hybrid and Row Spacing on Maize Forage Yield and Quality. Plant SoilEnvironment. 52(11): 515-522.
17 . Jeffery D and Fritschi B (2006) Large application of fertilizer N at planting affects seed protein and oil concentration and yield in the early soybean production systems. Field Crops Research. 99: 67-74.
18 . Karlen DL and Camp CR (1985) Row spacing, plant population, and water management effects on corn in the Atlantic Coastal Plain. Agronomy Journal. 77: 393-398.
19 . Keskin B, Akdeniz H, Yilmaz IH and Turan N (2005) Yield and Quality of Forage Corn (Zea mays L.) as Influenced by Cultivar and Nitrogen Rate. Journal of Agronomy. 4(2): 138-141.
20 . Lawlor DW, Lemaire G and Gastal F (2001) Nitrogen, plant growth and crop yield. Lea PJ and Morot Guardu GF (Eds), Berlin: Springer-Verlag. Pp. 343-367.
21 . Muchow RC and Davis R (1988) Effects of nitrogen supply on the competitive productivity of maize and sorghum in a semi-arid tropical environment: II. Radiation interception and biomass accumulation. Field Crops Research. 18: 17-30.
22 . Mullins GL, Alley SE and Reeves DW (1998) Tropical Maize Response to Nitrogen and Starter Fertilizer Under Strip and Conventional Tillage Systems in Southern Alabama. Soil and Tillage Research. 45: 1-15.
23 . Russell W and Hallauure AR (1988) Corn in hybridization of crop plants. Fehr WR and Hadley HH (Eds.), Am. Society Agronomy. Madison. WI.
24 . Salam AM and Subramanian S (1988) Influence of nitrogen, zinc and interaction on the yield and nutrient uptake of, IR 20,  rice (Oryza sativa L.) in different seasons. Journal of Agricultural Science. 58: 190-193.
25 . Schmid AR and Marten GC (1976) Relationships among agronomic characteristics of corn and sorghum cultivars and silage quality. Agronomy Journal. 68: 403-408.
26 . Sharma AK (2002) Bio-fertilizers for Sustainable Agriculture. Agrobios Indian Publications. 456p.
27 . Shun SX, Gu WL and Dai JY (1989) The effect of plant density on lodging of maize. Journal of Shenyang Agriculture University. 20: 413-416.
28 . Tariq M (1998) Fodder yield and quality of two maize varieties at different nitrogen levels. Department Agronomy, University of Agricultural, Faisalabad, Pakistan. M.Sc. Thesis.
29 . Van Soest PJ, Robertson JB and Lewis BA (1991) Methods for dietary fiber, neutral detergent fiber and nonstarch polysaccharides in relation to animal nutrition. Journal of Dairy Science. 74: 3583-3597.
30 . Widdicombe WD and Thelen KD (2002) Row Width and Plant Density Effect on Corn Forage Hybrids. Agronomy Journal. 94: 326-330.
31 . Yilmaz S, Gozubenli H, Knuskan O and Atis I (2007) Genotype and Plant Density Effects on Corn (Zea mays L.) Forage Yield. Asian Journal Plant Science. 6(3): 538-541.
 
Journal of Crops Improvement
Volume 18, Issue 1 - Serial Number 1
March 2016
Pages 173-182
Files
Share
How to cite
Statistics