Journal of Crops Improvement

Journal of Crops Improvement

Interaction effect of cultivar and living mulch on sunflower yield and weed control

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors
sediqe latifi 1
alireza yousefi 2
khalil jamshidi 3
1 M.Sc. Student, Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Zanjan University, Zanjan – Iran
2 Assistant Professor, Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Zanjan University, Zanjan – Iran
3 Associate Professor, Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Zanjan University, Zanjan – Iran
10.22059/jci.2015.55190
Abstract
In order to evaluate the effects of crop cultivars and living mulchon sunflower yield and weed control, a field experiment was carried out as factorial arrangement based on a randomized complete block design with three replications in 2013. Treatements were sunflower cultivars (‘Azargol’, ‘Allstar’, ‘Farokh’) and weed control treatments (weed-free, weed-infestation and intercropping of Fagopyrum esculentum, Medicago scutellata, Vicia villosa as living mulch alone and in combination with one hand-weeding).In comparison to weedy treatement, F. esculentum, M. scutellataand V.villosa cover crops were reduced total weed biomass 43.7, 33.8 and 25 percent, and weed density 57.1, 38.1 and 29, respectively. Weed control was improved significantly when cover crops used in combination with one hand-weeding. The lowest weed biomass and density were recorded in the ‘Azargol’ cultivar. The highest Sunflower leaf area index (LAI) was obtained in ‘Azargol’ cultivar under weed-free condition. Weed interference decreased grain yield of ‘Azargol’, ‘Allstar’ and ‘Farokh’ by 18.6, 22.1 and 33.4 percent, respectively compared to weed-free plots. The highest grain yield was obtained in ‘Azargol’ cultivar. Medicago scutellataas cover crop in combination with one hand weeding resulted in yields similar to the weed-free treatment. Overall, the results of this study revealed that the use of M. scutellataas living mulch and ‘Azargol’ as competitor cultivar can be used as part of an integrated weed management for sustainable sunflower production.
Keywords
Ecological weed management
Living mulch
Sunflower grain yield
Weed interference
weeding

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Journal of Crops Improvement
Volume 17, Issue 2 - Serial Number 2
Spring 2015
Pages 415-430