Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 Assistant Professor of Plant Science Department, College of Agriculture,University of Jiroft, Iran

2 Associet Professor, Department of Agronomy and Crop Breeding Science, College of Aburaihan, University of Tehran, Pakdasht, Iran

3 Associet Professor, Department of Biotechnology, Graduate University of Advanced Technology, Kerman, Iran

4 Assistant Professor, Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute of Iran (ABRII), Karaj, Iran

5 Assistant Professor, Department of Plant Production, College of Agriculture and Natural Resourse, University of Gonbad Kavous, Gonbad, Iran

Abstract

To determine the effects of drought stress and foliar application of zinc and iron on some biochemical parameters of cumin (Cuminum cyminum L.), a greenhouse experiment was carried out at Graduate University of Advanced Technology of Kerman, Iran during 2011-2012. The experiment was conducted in factoriel design based on randomized completely block with three replications. Three levels of water deficit 70 (well- watered), 50 and 30 (moderate and severe stress) percent of field capacity with treatments of Zn, Fe, Zn+Fe (5/1000) and non-foliar application (water) were used. Results show positive effects of iron and zinc foliar application under drouth stress on some biochemical parameters of cumin. Maximum quantities of total protein and proline (4.12 and 364.52 mg/gr Fw) and maximum quantities of soluble sugar (5.62 mg/gr Dw) were observed in severe stress with Zn+Fe treatment. Also zinc and iron foliar application decresed malondealdohide (9.16 and 5.06 µM/gr Fw) in moderate and severe stress conditions in cumin leaf, respectively. Drought stress and foliar application increased enzymes activities. Maximum quantities of enzymes activities (catalase: 28.51, gayacol peroxidase: 284.75 and superoxid dismutase: 50.99 U/mg protein) in leaves were observed in severe stress with Zn+Fe treatment too. According to our results, iron and zinc foliar application improves biochemical parameters in cumin under drouth stress.
 
 

Keywords

 
1 . پازوکی ع ‌ر، رضایی ح، حبیبی د و پاک‌نژاد ف (1391) اثر تنش خشکی، محلول‌پاشی آسکوربات و جیبرلین بر روی برخی صفات مورفولوژیکی، محتوی نسبی آب برگ و پایداری غشای سیتوپلاسمی گیاه آویشن (Thymus vulgaris L.). زراعت و اصلاح نباتات. 8(1): 13-1.
2 . رشنو م ‌ح، طهماسبی‌سروستانی ز ا، حیدری‌شریف‌آباد ح، مدرس‌ثانوی س‌ ع‌ م و توکل‌ افشاری ر (1392) اثر تنش خشکی و محلول‌پاشی آهن و روی بر ویژگی‌های کمی و کیفی دوگونه یونجG یکساله. تولید گیاهان زراعی. 6(1): 148-125.
3 . صفی‌خانی ف‌ ا، حیدری‌شریف‌آباد ح، سیادت س‌ ع ‌ا، شریفی‌شورآبادی ا، سیدنژاد س ‌م و عباس‌زاده ب (1386) تأثیر تنش خشکی بر درصد و عملکرد اسانس و ویژگی‌های فیزیولوژیکی گیاه دارویی بادرشبو L.) (Dracocephalum moldavcia. تحقیقات گیاهان دارویی و معطر ایران. 23(1): 99-86.
4 . فتحی‌امیرخیز ک، امینی ‌دهقی م، مدرس ‌ثانوی س‌ ع ‌م و حشمتی س (1390) اثر کاربرد خاکی و برگی عنصر آهن (Fe) بر برخی خصوصیات بیوشیمیایی گلرنگ (Caethamus tinctorius L.) تحت دو رژیم رطوبتی. علوم گیاهان زراعی ایران. 42(3): 518-509.
5 . مصطفوی‌راد م، طهماسبی‌لرستانی زا و محمودی ر (1387) اثر عناصر کم‌مصرف روی و منگنز بر عملکرد و برخی صفات زراعی سه رقم گندم. زراعت و باغبانی. 80: 8-1.
6 . میرشکاری ب (1383) اثرات تاریخ کاشت و تراکم بوته بر عملکرد و اسانس دانه زیرۀ سبز (Cuminum cyminum L.) در شرایط آب‌و‌هوایی تبریز. علوم کشاورزی. 10(2): 157-145.
7 . نبی‌زاده م‌ ر، کافی م و راشدمحصل م ‌ح (1382) اثرات شوری بر رشد، عملکرد، تجمع املاح و درصد اسانس زیرۀ سبز. پژوهش‌های زراعی ایران. 1(1): 60-53.
8 . نعیمی م، اکبری غ ع، شیرانی‌راد اح، حسن‌لو ط و اکبری غ ع (1391) اثر کاربرد زئولیت و محلول‌پاشی سلنیوم در شرایط تنش کم‌آبی بر روابط ‌آبی و آنزیم‌های آنتی‌اکسیدان در گیاه دارویی کدو پوست‌کاغذی. به‌زراعی کشاورزی. 14(1): 81-67.
9 . همراهی س، حبیبی د، مدنی ح و مشهدی ‌اکبربوجار م (1387) اثر سایکوسل و عناصر ریزمغذی بر میزان آنزیم‌های آنتی‌اکسیدان به‌عنوان شاخص‌های مقاومت به تنش خشکی در کلزا. یافته‌های نوین کشاورزی. 2(3): 329- 316.
 
10 . Bagci SA, Ekiz H, Yilmaz A and Cakmak I (2007) Effects of zinc deficiency and water stress on grain yield of field-grown Wheat cultivars in central Anatolia. Agronomy and Crop Science. 193: 198-206.
11 . Cakmak I (2000) Possible roles of zinc in protecting plant cells from damage by reactive oxygen specious. New Phytologist. 146: 185-205.
12 . Cakmak I, Kalayci M, Ekis H, Brauni J, Kilinc Y and Yilmaz A (1999) Zn deficiency as a practical problem in plant and human nutrition in Turkey: a NATO – science for stability project. Field Crop Research. 60: 175-188.
13 . Chaves MM, Pereira JS, Maroco JP, Rodrigues ML, Riccardo CPP, Osorio ML, Carvalho T, Faria T and Pincheiro C (2002) How plants cope with water stress in the field Photosynthesis and growth. Annuals of Botany. 89: 907-916.
14 . Dewal GS and Pareek RG (2004) Effect of phosphorus, sulphur and zinc on growth, yield and nutrient uptake of wheat (Triticum aestivum). Indian Journal of Agronomy. 49: 160-162.
15 . Grewal HS and Wiliams R (2000) Zinc nutrition affects alfalfa response to water stress and excessive moisture. Plant Nutrition. 23: 942-962.
16 . Hendawy SF and Ezz El-Din AA (2010) Growth and yield of Foeniculum vulgare var.azoricum as influenced by some vitamins and amino acids. Ozean Journal of Applied Sciences. 3(1): 113-123.
17 . Hong W and Ji-Yan J (2007) Effects of zinc deficiency and drought stress on plant growth and metabolism of reactive oxygen species in maize (Zea mays L.). Agricultural Science in China. 6(8): 988-995.
18 . Jangir RP and Singh R (1996) Effect of irrigation and nitrogen on seed yield of cumin (Cuminum cyminum L.). Indian Journal Agronomy. 41: 140-143.
19 . Lascano HR, Antonicelli GE, Luna CM, Melchiorre  MN, Gomez LD, Racca RW, Trippi VS and Casano LM (2005) Antioxidant system response of different wheat cultivars under drought: field and in vitro studies. Austrian Journal Plant Physiology. 28: 1095-1102.
20 . Li R and Jiang Z (2004) Chemical composition of the essential oil of cumin (Cuminum cyminum L.) from China. Department of Food Science and Environment. Tianjin. 19 (4): 311-313.
21 . Nayyar H and Gupta D (2006) Differential sensitivity of C3 and C4 plants to water deficit stress: Association with oxidative stress and antioxidants. Environmental and Experimental Botany. 58: 106-113.
22 . Ramezani M, Seghatoleslami M, Mousavi G and Sayyari-Zahan MH (2013) Effect of salinity and foliar application of iron and zinc on yield and water use efficiency of ajowan (Carum copticum). International Journal of Agriculture and Crop Sciences. 7: 421-426.
23 . Rebey IB, Jabri-Karoui I, Hamrouni-Sellami I, Bourgou S, Limam F and Marzouk B (2012) Effect of drought on the biochemical composition and antioxidant activities of cumin (Cuminum cyminum L.) seeds. Industrial Crop and Products. 36: 238-245.
24 . Rohamare Y, Nikam TD and Dhumal KN (2013) Effect of foliar application of plant growth regulators on growth, yield and essential oil components of ajwain (Trachyspermum ammi L.). International Journal of Seed Spices. 3(2): 34-41.
25 . Ruiz JM, Baghour M and Romers L (2000) Efficiency of the different genotypes of tomato in relation to foliar content of fe and the response of some bioindicators. Plant Nutrition. 23: 1777-1786.
26 . Sairam RK and Saxena GC (2000) Oxidative stress and antioxidant in wheat genotype: Possible mechanism of water stress tolerance. Agronomy and Crop Sciences. 184: 55-61.
27 . Shaw B, Thomas TH and Cooke DT (2002) Responses of sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.) to drought and nutrient deficiency stress. Plant Growth Regulation. 37: 77-83.
28 . Sun B, Jing Y, Chen K, Song L, Chen F and Zhang L (2007) Protective effect of nitric oxide on iron deficiency induced oxidative stress in maize (Zea mays L.). Plant Physiology. 164: 536-543.
29 . Trunctunk R and Trunkturk M (2006) Effects of different phosphorous levels on the yield and quality components of cumin (Cuminum cyminum L.). Agriculture Biological Science. 2(6): 336-340.
30 . Yeritsyan N and Economakis C (2002) Effect of nutrient solution’s iron concentration on growth and essential oil content of oregano plants growth in solution culture. Acta Horticulture. 576: 277-283.