Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 Assistant Professor, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Bu Ali Sina Hamedan, Iran

2 M.Sc. Student, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Bu Ali Sina Hamedan, Iran

Abstract

To evaluate the effect of on-farm seed priming and methods of zinc sulfate application on seed emergence properties, yield and yield components of two corn cultivars, an experiment was conducted as factorial in randomized complete block design with three replications during 2012 at research farm of Bu-Ali Sina university, Hamedan. First factor was methods of zinc sulfate application containing four levels of no-application, broadcasting in soil, banding and foliar application. Second factor included on farm primed and no primed seeds and third factor consisted of two corn hybrids (Es-sensor and Biaris). Analysis of variance showed that percentage and rate of emergence of on farm primed seeds increased about 16 and 12% respectively also emergence uniformity coefficient in primed seed while banding zinc sulfate comparing with no-primed seed and broadcasting zinc sulfate showed 74% increase. In Biaris cultivar priming increased significantly the number of kernel per ear. In two cultivars the highest 100 seeds weight was achieved of primed seed plus banding or foliar zinc sulfate application. In this study the highest grain yield was obtained of primed Biaris seed cultivar combined with zinc sulfate banding application ( 1370.42 g/m2) that was higher about 9.6% comparing with no-primed and no zinc sulfate treatment.

Keywords

1 . اسدی کنگر­شاهی ع، ملکوتی م ج (1382) تأثیر مصرف روی در رشد و عملکرد سویا و تعیین حد بحرانی آن در مزارع سویا. مجموعه مقالات تغذیه بهینه دانه­های روغنی، انتشارات خانیران: 370-380.
2. بایبوردی ا ( 1385) روی در خاک و محصولات غذایی، انتشارات پریور. چاپ اول: 179.
3. خلیلی محله ج و رشدی م (1386) اثرات محلول­پاشی عناصر کم­مصرف بر عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد ذرت دانه­ای 407. علوم کشاورزی. 13(2): 453-465
4. خلیلی محله ج و رشدی م (1387) اثر محلول­پاشی عناصر کم­مصرف بر خصوصیات کمی و کیفی ذرت سیلویی 704 در خوی. نهال و بذر. 24(2): 281-292.
5. رحیمی م و مظاهری د (1387) واکنش مورفولوژیکی و عملکرد ذرت نسبت به ترکیبات شیمیایی آهن و مس. پژوهش و سازندگی در زراعت و باغبانی. 78: 96-100. 
6. سلیم­پور س، میرزاشاهی ک، ملکوتی م ج و رضایی ح (1379) بررسی میزان و روش مصرف سولفات­روی در زراعت کلزا در صفی­آباد دزفول. خاک و آب. کلزا. 12(12(: 22-26 .
7. شرفی س (1379) بررسی اثرات آهن و روی بر عملکرد کمی و کیفی دو رقم ذرت دانه‌ای، پایان‌نامة کارشناسی ارشد. دانشگاه ارومیه. 151 ص.
8. مرشدی ا (1379) بررسی اثر محلول­پاشی آهن و روی بر عملکرد و خواص کیفی و غنی­سازی دانه­های کلزا. پایان‌نامة کارشناسی ارشد  خاکشناسی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس. 89 ص.
9. ملکوتی م ج و غیبی م ن (1378) تعیین حد بحرانی عناصر غذایی محصولات استراتژیک و توصیه صحیح کودی در کشور. نشر آموزش کشاورزی. معاونت آموزش و تجهیز نیروی انسانی وزارت کشاورزی.
10. ملکوتی م ج و ضیائیان ع (1379) محلول­پاشی روشی نوین در افزایش کارآیی کودها و نیل به کشاورزی پایدار. انتشارات فنی معاونت ترویج وزارت کشاورزی. چاپ اول. 24 ص.
11. نورمحمدی ق، سیادت ­ع و کاشانی ع (1383) زراعت، چاپ پنجم، انتشارات دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز، 446 ص.
12. ملکوتی م، تهرانی م (1378) اثر عناصر ریز مغذی بر عملکرد و کیفیت تولیدات کشاورزی. دانشگاه تربیت مدرس. تهران. 292 ص.
13. یاری ل، مدرس ثانوی ع م و سرورزاده ع (1383) اثر محلول­پاشی منگنز و روی بر صفات کیفی 5 رقم گلرنگ بهاره.علوم خاک و آب. 18(2): 143-151.
14. ضیائیان آ و ملکوتی م ج (1377) تأثیر کاربرد عناصر ریزمغذی و زمان کاربرد آن بر افزایش عملکرد. خاک و آب. 2(1): 56-62.
 
15. Aboutalebian MA, Zare Ekbtani G and Sepehri A (2012)Effects of on-farm seed priming with zinc sulfate and urea solutions on emergence properties, yield and yield components of three rainfed wheat Cultivars.Annals of Biological Research, 3 (10): 4790-4796.
16. Abdolsalam AA, Ibrahim AH and ElGarhi AH (1994( Comparative of application or foliar spray or seed coating to maize on a sand soil. Annals of Agricultural Science Moshthor. 32: 660-673.
17. Afzal A, Aslam N, Mahmood A, Irfan S and Ahmad G (2006) Enhancement of germination and emergence of canola seeds  by different priming  techniques. Garden Depesquisa Biotecnology. 16(1): 19-34.
18. Ashraf M and Foolad MR )2005( Pre-sowing seed treatment- a shotgun approach to improve germination growth and crop yield under saline and none-saline conditions. Advances in Agronomy. 88: 223-271.
19. Basra SMA, Zia MN, Mehmood, T, Afzal I and Khaliq A (2002) Comparison of different invigoration techniques in wheat seeds. Pakistan Journal of Arid Agriculture. 32: 765- 774.
20. Basra SAM, Iftikhar MN and Afzal I )2011( Potential of moringa (Moringa oleifera) leaf extract as priming agent for hybrid maize seeds. International Journal of Agriculture and Bbiology. 6–1006–1010.
21. Bodsworth S, Bwley JD (1981) Osmotic priming of seeds of crop species with polyethylene glycol as a means of enhancing early and synchronous germination at cool temperature. Canadian Journal of Botany.59: 672-676.
22. Bradford KJ (1995) Water relations in seed germination. In Seed Development and Germination (J. Kigel and G. Galili, Eds.), Marcel Dekker Inc., New York. Pp. 351-396.
23. Butzen S (2001) Soybean seed quality affected by growing condition. Site map publications journal news bulletin committees seed Links WEB. ISTA, Zurich. 457p.
24. Dianati Tilaki G, Shakarami B, Tabari M and Behtari B (2010) Increasing salt tolerance in tall fescue by seed priming techniques during germination and early  growth. Indian Journal of Agricultural Research. 44(3): 177-182.
25. Duffy B (2007) Zinc and plant disease. In Datnoff, LE., Elmer, WH and Huber, DM (Eds). Mineral Nutrition and Plant Disease. St. Paul, MN: The American Phytopathological Society. P. 155-175.
26. FAO Production Year Book (2002) Food and Agricultural Organization of United Nation, Rome, Italy, 51:209P
27. Farooq M, Basra SMA, Warraich EA and Khaliq A (2006) Optimization of hydro-priming techniques for rice seed invigoration. Seed Science and Technology. 34: 507-512.
28. Farooq, M, Basra SMA, Rehman H and Saleem BA )2008( Seed priming enhances the performance of late sown wheat (Triticum aestivum L) by improving chilling tolerance. Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science. 194: 55-60.
29. Harris D )2006( Development and testing of on-farm seed priming. Advances in Agronomy. 90: 129-178.
30. Harris D, Raghuwanshi BS, Ganwa JS, Singh SC, Joshi KD, Rashid A and Hollington A (2001) Participatory evaluation by farmers of on- farm seed priming in wheat in India, Nepal and Pakistan. Experimental Agriculture. 37: 403-415.
31. Hergert GW, Nordquist PT, Peterson JL and Skates BA (1996) Fertilizer and crop management practices for improving maize yield on high pH soils. Journal of Plant Nutrition. 19: 223-1233.
32. Himayatullah B and Khan M (1998) Response of irrigated maize to trace elements in the presence of NPK. Sarhad Journal of Agriculture. 14: 117-120.
33. Hur SN (1991) Effect of osmoconditioning on the productivity of italian ryegrass and sorghum under suboptimal conditions. Korean Journal Animal Science. 33: 101-105.

34. Karimian N and Yasrebi J (1995) Prediction of residual effects of zinc sulfate on growth and zinc uptake of corn plants using three zinc soil tests. Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis. 25(1-2): 256-363.

35. Marschner H (1995) Mineral Nutrition of Higher Plants. Second edition, Academic press, New York, USA. Pp. 350-355.
36. Musa AM, Harris D, Johansen C and Kumar J (2001) Short duration chickpea to replace fallow after Aman rice: The role of on-farm seed priming in the High Barind Tract of Bangladesh. Experimental Agriculture. 37: 509-521.
37. Musavi R, Aboutalebian MA and Sepehri A (2012)The effects of on-farm seed priming and planting date on emergence characteristics, yield and yield components of a corn cultivar (SC. 260) in Hamedan.Annals of Biological Research. 3(9): 4427-4434.
38. Nagar RP, Dadlani M and Sharma SP (1998) Effect of hydropriming on field emergence and crop growth of maize genotypes. Seed Research. 26: 1-5.
39. Obrador AJ, Novillo J and Alvarez JM (2003( Mobility and availability to plants of two zinc sources applied to a calcareous soil. Soil Science Society of America. 67: 564-572.
40. Parera CA and Cantliffe DJ (1994) Presowing seed priming. Horticultural Reviews. 16: 109-139.
41. Parker DR (1997) Response of six crop species to zinc solution activities buffered with HEDTA. Journal of Soil Science Society of America. 61: 167-176.
42. Rengel Z and Graham RD (1995) Importance of seed Zn content for wheat growth on Zn deficient soils. I. Vegetative growth. Plant and Soil. 173: 267-244.
43. Rowse HR, McKee JMT and Finch-Savage WE (2001) Membrane priming a method for small samples of high value seeds. Seed Science and Technology. 29: 587-597.
44. Sharma PN, Agrawala CSC and Sharma CP (1990) Zinc deficiency and pollen fertility in maize (Zea mays). Plant and Soil. 124: 221- 225.
45. Sung JM and Chang YH (1993) Biochemical activities associated with priming of sweet corn seeds to improve vigor. Seed Science and Technology. 21: 97-105.
46. Welch RM (2001) Impact of mineral nutrients in plants on human nutrition on a world wide scale. Plant Nutrition- Developments in Plant and Soil Sciences. 92: 284-258.
47. Yilmaz A, Ekis H and Cakmak I (1997) Effect of different zinc application methods on grain yield and zinc concentration in wheat. Journal of Plant Nutrition. 20: 461-471.
48. Zhi-xin Y, Shu-qing L, Da-wei Zh and Sheng-dong F (2006) Effects of cadmium, zinc and lead on soil enzyme activities. Journal of Environmental Sciences. 6: 1135 1141.
49. www. Euralis-semences.fr/seeds