Authors

Abstract

In order to investigate the residual effect of different tobacco cultivars on germination and seedling growth of rapeseed, an experiment was conducted at laboratory and glasshouse during 2007 as factorial based on completely randomized design with four replications. Extracts of root and shoot from two different types of tobacco (Virginia and Basma) and different concentrations of extracts (0, 40 and 80%) were the treatments. Results showed that germination percentage and rate, shoot and root length in rapeseed (Hayola 401) in laboratory experiment and root and shoot length and ratio, shoot to root dry weight ratio, leaf area, seedling emergence and vigor and chlorophyll contents were significantly affected by different tobacco root and shoot extracts. According to results root extract of Virginia and shoot extract of Basma had the highest and the lowest effect in terms of mentioned traits, respectively. Among studied characters, germination rate had highly correlation with germination percentage and seedling vigor.

Keywords

1 . بحرانی ج (1375) اثرات آللوپاتیک گیاهان راعی بر یکدیگر. مجموعه مقالات کلیدی سومین کنگره علوم زراعت و اصلاح نباتات ایران، تبریز. ص 63-59
2 . حجازی ا (1379) آللوپاتی (خودمسمومی و دگرمسمومی). انتشارات دانشگاه تهران. 320 صفحه.
3 . میقانی ف (1382) آللوپاتی (دگرآسیبی) از مفهوم تا کاربرد. انتشارات پرتو واقعه. 256 صفحه.
 
4 . Abdul Baki AA and Anderson JD (1973) Vigor determination in soybean by multiple criteria. Crop Sci. 13: 630-633.
5 . Anaya AL (1999) Allelopathy as a tool in the management of biotic resources in agroecosystems. Plant Sci. 18: 697-739.
6 . Bais HP, Vepachedu R, Gilroy S, Callaway RM and Vivanco JM (2003) Allelopathy and exotic plant invasion: from molecules and genes to species interactions. Crop Sci. 301: 1377-1380.
7 . Chang HC (1999) Roles of allelopathy in plant biodiversity and sustainable agriculture. Plant Sci. 18: 609-636.
8 . Einhellig FA and Gerald RL (1988) Potentials for exploiting allelopathy to enhance crop production. Chem. Ecol. 12: 1829-1844.
9 . Fenandez M, Aparicioa JC, and Rubialesa SD (2007) Intercropping with cereals reduces infection by Orobanche crenata in legumes. Crop Prot. 26: 1166-1172.
10 . Florentine SK, Westbrooke ME and Graham R (2005) Invasion of the noxious weed Nicotiana glauca after an episodic flooding event in the arid zone. J. Arid Environ. 60: 531-545.
11 . Gibson LR and Liebman M (2003) A laboratory exercise for teaching plant interference and relative growth rate concepts. Weed Technol. 17: 394-402.
12 . Goetze M, Rica T and Gladis CH. (2006) Allelopathyc effect of Nicotiana tabacum and Eucalyptus grandis extracts on the germination of three vegetables species. Agrochimica. 10:  43-50.
13 . Gundiff RH and Markunas PC (1964) Abberviatel techniques for determination of alkaloids in tobacco using the extraction procedure. Tob. Sci. 8: 136-137.
14 . Hari OS, Kumar A and SD Dhiman (2004) Biology and management of Phalaris minor in rice and wheat system. Crop Prot. 23: 1157-1168.
15 . Ioannis V and D Kico (2005) Allelopathic potential of bermudagrass and johnsongrass and their interference with cotton and corn. Agron. J. 97: 303-313.
16 . Khanh TD and MI Chung (1997) Crop allelopathy in sustainable agricultural production. Agron. J. 3: 172-18.
17 . Monica F, Josefina A, Sillero C and Rubiales D (2007) Intercropping with cereals reduces infection by Orobanche crenata in legumes. Crop Prot. 26: 1166-1173.
18 . Orchard T (1977) Estemating the parameters of plant seedling emergence. Seed Sci. Technol. 5: 61-69.
19 . Oussama O (2003) Allelopathy in two durum wheat (Triticum durum L.) varieties. Agr. Ecosyst. Environ. 96: 161-163.
20 . Sang U, Chon k, Nelson CJ and Coutts JH (2004) Osmotic and autotoxic effects of Leaf extracts on germination and seedling growth of Alfalfa. Agron. J. 96: 1673-1679.
21 . SAS (1997) SAS/STAT Users Quide, version 6.12. SAS Institute. Inc. Cary, NC.
22 . Steiner JJ (1990) Seedling rate of development: indicator of vigor and seedling growth response. Crop Sci. 30:1264-1271.
23 . Yang C, Lee C and Hung C (2002) Effect of three allelopathie phenolics on chloroplyll accumulation of rice seedling. Bot. Acad. Sinica. 4: 299-304.