Document Type : Research Paper
Authors
1 Assistant Professor Department of Agriculture Sciences, Payame Noor University, Tehran, Iran
2 Assistant Professor, Department of Agricultural Sciences, Payame Noor University, Tehran, Iran
3 Department of Agriculture and Environment, Payame Noor University, Tehran, Iran
Abstract
ABSTRACT
Objective: Chamomile belongs to the Asteraceae family (Compositae) and has been known as a famous plant in the world since ancient times. This plant, which is commonly known as chamomile. This plant is often used in traditional medicine due to its proven anti-inflammatory properties and wound healing ability. The purpose of this experiment was to investigate the effects of foliar spraying of amino acids and inoculation with mycorrhizal fungi on the characteristics of the medicinal plant German chamomile.
Methods: In order to investigate the effect of amino acid foliar application and inoculation with mycorrhizal fungi on chlorophyll characteristics and some characteristics of the medicinal plant German chamomile (Matricaria chamomilla L.), a factorial experiment was conducted in a randomized complete block design with three replications during the 1400-1402 crop years at the Research Farm of Islamic Azad University, Takestan Branch. The experimental factors included mycorrhizal fungi at four levels (control (no inoculation), Funneliformis mosseae, Funneliformis etunicatum and Rhizophagus irregularis) and the second treatment of foliar spraying of amino acid Aminol Forte at four levels (control (no application), 0.2, 0.3 and 0.4%) at two stages of vegetative growth and flowering initiation. The measured traits included plant height, dry matter yield, chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, total chlorophyll, percentage and yield of chamazulene, alpha-bisabolol, and bisabolol oxide A.
Results: The results showed that the effect of foliar spraying of amino acid Aminol Forte on plant height, percentage and yield of chamazulene and dry matter yield was significant at the one percent level. Also, the effect of mycorrhizal inoculation on the traits of chlorophyll a to b ratio, plant height, chamazulene percentage and yield, and dry matter yield was significant at the one percent level. The interaction effect of foliar spraying of amino acid Aminol Forte and mycorrhizal inoculation on bisabolol oxide A, alpha-bisabolol, total chlorophyll and chlorophyll a was significant at the one percent level and on chlorophyll b at the five percent level.
Conclusion: Foliar application was able to increase plant height, dry matter production and chlorophyll. Among the different amino acid foliar treatments, the 0.4% treatment was better than the others. Also, the mycorrhizal fungus F. mosseae was more effective than the other species and was able to increase the percentage of chamazulene by 11%. The two treatments used probably had a synergistic effect, such that the interaction effect of amino acid foliar spraying (0.4%) and mycorrhizal fungus (F. mosseae) produced the highest levels of alpha-bisabolol and bisabolol oxidae, which are important components of German chamomile essential oil, and increased these compounds by 126 and 51%, respectively, compared to the control (without foliar spraying and without inoculation).
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