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The effect of several native rootstocks on vegetative, biological, physiological indicators and some nutritional elements of grape cv. Sultana

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 Master's Degree Graduate Department of Horticulture Sciences, Agronomy College, Sari Agriculture and Natural Resources University, Sari, Iran.

2 Department of Horticulture Sciences, Agronomy College, Sari Agriculture and Natural Resources University, Sari, Iran

3 Associate Professor Department Horticulture, Faculty Agriculture, Shahrekord university, Shahrekord, Iran.

4 Conservatory teacher, Uremia, Iran

10.22059/jci.2025.379149.2891

Abstract

Objective: This study examines the impact of various grape rootstocks on the growth characteristics, physiological properties, and nutrient content of the seedless white scion, a cultivar of significant commercial importance in Iran’s agricultural sector. 
Methods: A completely randomized greenhouse experiment at the Horticulture Department, Shahrekord University, compared six treatments: a control (Sultana cuttings), own-rooted Sultana/Sultana, and grafted combinations of the seedless white scion onto rootstocks (Yaghuti, Asgari, Khushnam, and red Sultana). Traits assessed included morphometric, biological, and physiological parameters, as well as concentrations of Ca, K, and P.
Results: The lowest root number occurred in the own-rooted treatment. In contrast, self-grafted (seedless white scion on seedless white rootstock) showed the highest accumulation of photosynthetic pigments, the longest root length, and the greatest Ca absorption. Seedless white rootstock exhibited notably higher carotenoid content. Chlorophyll analysis revealed that Khoshnam and seedless white combinations had higher chlorophyll a, while Asgari and Yaghuti combinations had higher chlorophyll b and total chlorophyll. Leaf area was greatest with the Asgari rootstock, and internode diameter was largest with Khoshnam. Scion height increased significantly with rootstock: 57% higher with Khoshnam and 34% higher with Asgari than the control. Root volume was significantly greater with Yaghuti and Asgari rootstocks compared with control. Mineral content showed higher Ca in the seedless white scion alone; for seedless white on Khoshnam, K and P levels were notably affected, with lower K and higher P concentrations observed.
Conclusions: Grafting markedly influences grape growth and physiology. Own-rooted combinations exhibited enhanced Ca uptake, longer roots, and richer photosynthetic pigment content. Rootstocks such as Khoshnam and Asgari effectively increased scion height and root volume. These findings support strategic rootstock–scion selection as a viable approach to improve grape vigor and nutritional profiles.

Keywords

References
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Journal of Crops Improvement
Volume 27, Issue 4
January 2026
Pages 659-674
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