tayebe rostami; hamid abbasdokht; hassan makarian; Manoochehr Gholipoor; khalil karimzadehasl
Abstract
Objective: This study aimed at assessing the effects of mycorrhiza and phosphorus fertilizer on morphophysiological traits and yield of quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) and maize (Zea mays L.) in an intercropping system by using of replacement method.Methods: A complete randomized block design (CRBD), ...
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Objective: This study aimed at assessing the effects of mycorrhiza and phosphorus fertilizer on morphophysiological traits and yield of quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) and maize (Zea mays L.) in an intercropping system by using of replacement method.Methods: A complete randomized block design (CRBD), with three replications was implemented at two research farms affiliated with Shahrood University of Technology, located in Shahrood and Miami cities. The intercropping systems consisted of five cropping ratios: pure quinoa and maize cultivation, 75% quinoa + 25% maize, 50% quinoa + 50% maize, 25% quinoa + 75% maize. The first factor and phosphorus at three levels (zero, 50 and 100 kgha-1) and mycorrhiza at two levels (use and unuse) were considered as the second and third factors.Results: The results demonstrated that most of studied traits were significantly influenced by the intercropping systems, mycorrhiza application, and phosphorus concentrations. The highest plant height in maize (202.8 cm) and quinoa (81.3 cm) was obtained by use of mycorrhiza and phosphorus fertilizer 50 kgha-1. Similarly, the highest leaf area index in quinoa (86.2) and maize (6.57) amount of chlorophyll in quinoa and maize respectively (2.88 and 12.39 mg/ml) were obtained in Shahrood region by using mycorrhiza and 50 kgha-1 phosphorus fertilizer in cropping ratio 50 %.Conclusion: According to the results, the effects of different intercropping ratio, use of mycorrhiza, and phosphorus fertilizers had a significant impact on the morphophysiological characteristics of quinoa and maize.
Abasalt Rostami Ajirloo; Ebrahim Amiri
Abstract
In order to investigate the effect of potassium nano fertilizer on soybean growth under cutting irrigation condition, an experiment was carried out as split plots arrangement based on completely randomized block design with three replications in Moghan plain at 2015 and 2016 cropping seasons. The main ...
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In order to investigate the effect of potassium nano fertilizer on soybean growth under cutting irrigation condition, an experiment was carried out as split plots arrangement based on completely randomized block design with three replications in Moghan plain at 2015 and 2016 cropping seasons. The main factor included four levels of irrigation normal irrigation, cutting irrigation during vegetative phase, cutting irrigation during flowering phase and cutting irrigation during grain filling phase and a sub factor included three levels of potassium nano fertilizer five, 10 and 15 kg per hectare. The results showed that at all stages of irrigation, the use of potassium nano fertilizer reduced the effect of drought stress. So that the greatest seed yield and yield components under normal irrigation and off-irrigation conditions were obtained with use of 15 kg / ha of potassium nano fertilizer. Also, the highest plant height (66 cm), the distance between the first pod of ground (20 cm), number of leaves per plant (345) and the number of lateral branches (19.66) in normal irrigation treatment with consumption 15 kg of potassium nano fertilizer was obtained and the least of them was obtained in irrigation cut during vegetative phase with use of 5 kg/ha of potassium nano fertilizer. According to the results, it can be concluded that using 15 kg / ha of potassium nano fertilizer can reduce the effects of drought stress on yield, especially in seed filling stage in soybean plant, by 15%.
Ali Akbari; Orang Khademi; Yavar Sharafi; Seyed Jalal Tabatabaei
Abstract
Strawberry is sensitive to salinity stress. This experiment was conducted as factorial based on RCBD design to investigate the effects of putrescine treatments on reducing harmful effects of NaCl salinity stress in strawberry at Shahed University in 2015. NaCl treatments, 0, 25 and 50 mM, were applied ...
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Strawberry is sensitive to salinity stress. This experiment was conducted as factorial based on RCBD design to investigate the effects of putrescine treatments on reducing harmful effects of NaCl salinity stress in strawberry at Shahed University in 2015. NaCl treatments, 0, 25 and 50 mM, were applied in hydroponic medium on from the root zone of ‘Camarosa’ cultivar. Putrescine treatments were also applied at 0, 1.5 and 3 mM as foliage spray during growth period in 4 times with 15 days intervals. The results showed that, NaCl treatment especially at 50 mM, reduced shoot length, shoot fresh and dry weight, root fresh and dry weight, leaf number, leaf chlorophyll content, fruit number, fruit fresh and dry weight, yield and titratable acidity, and increased anthocyanin and total soluble solid content. Salinity stress had no effects on the root length. Application of 1.5 and 3 mM putrescines reduced harmful effects of salinity stress. Putrescines increased almost all characteristics under salinity condition and reduced total soluble solid content. Therefore, according to the results, putrescine, in both levels of 1.5 and 3 mM, could be a well strategy to reduce the limitation of salinity stress in strawberry production.
Samaneh Zadehparizi; Ahmad Tajabadi Pour; Isa Esfandiarpoor
Abstract
Potassium is a very important plant nutrient not only because of its large demand, but also because of its important physiological and biological functions in plant. Therefore, understanding of soil potassium status can lead to better use of potassium fertilizers. This study was done to evaluate 10 extractants ...
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Potassium is a very important plant nutrient not only because of its large demand, but also because of its important physiological and biological functions in plant. Therefore, understanding of soil potassium status can lead to better use of potassium fertilizers. This study was done to evaluate 10 extractants for estimating available potassium for pistachio in 28 calcareous soils of Rafsanjan in a completely randomized design with three replications in greenhouse conditions in Vali-e-Asr university of Rafsanjan in 2014. Potassium was extracted by 1 M NH4OAc, 0.01 M CaCl2,2 M NaCl, 0.1 M HNO3, boiling 1 M HNO3, distilled water, 1M NaOAc, Mehlich1, Mehlich3 and DTPA-NH4HcO3.The results showed that extraction of K decreased in the order: boiling 1 M HNO3> 2 M NaCl > 1M NaOAc > Mehlich3> 1 M NH4OAc > 0.1 M HNO3> DTPA-NH4HcO3> Mehlich1> 0.01 M CaCl2> distilled water. 1M NaOAc was selected as the most suitable extractant for potassium in calcareous soils of Rafsanjan on its high correlation with leaf and shoot K concentration. Multiple regression equations indicated that potassium extracted from the soil dependent to different physical and chemical properties of soil such as amount of clay and cation exchange capacity.
Azizollah Khandan-Mirkohi; Naghmeh Alizadeh kordestani
Abstract
In this research, possibility of bulblet production from different cuttings including leaf, leaf-bud and leafy-stem of Lilium oriental hybrid cv. ‘Star Gazer’ evaluated under different levels of Indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) with 0, 250, 500, 750 and 1000 mg per liter (ppm). The cuttings were ...
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In this research, possibility of bulblet production from different cuttings including leaf, leaf-bud and leafy-stem of Lilium oriental hybrid cv. ‘Star Gazer’ evaluated under different levels of Indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) with 0, 250, 500, 750 and 1000 mg per liter (ppm). The cuttings were taken from stems which grown from cold treated bulbs in early October. A factorial experiment was done in Department of Horticulture Sciences, University College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran in 2014-2015, based on Randomized complete blocks design with three replications and nine cuttings per replicate. The results showed that rooting percentage and leaf number decreased on leaf cuttings by increasing auxin concentration, while these traits increased on leaf-bud and leafy stem cuttings. In contrast to the results in the rooting and leaf number traits, number of bulblets rose in leaf cuttings from 14 in control to 21, in leaf-bud cuttings from three to 20 and in leafy stem cuttings from one to 16 in IBA levels of 250, 500 and 750 ppm, respectively. Exceeding IBA concentration had reverse effect on bulblet number, correspondingly. Even so, leaf number and rooting percentage declined on leaf cuttings by application of IBA, but it was useful for production of more bulblets on leaf, leaf-bud and leafy-stem cuttings in IBA levels of 250, 500 and 750 ppm, respectively.
Sedigheh Bahrami; Ali Soleimani; Fariborz Habibi
Abstract
Effect of foliar spraying by humic acid on mineral leaf composition, yield and fruit quality of apple (Malus domestica L. cv. ‘Granny Smith’) was studied. An experiment based on randomized complete design was conducted in Khorramdare city of Zanjan province. Spraying of humic acid was conducted ...
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Effect of foliar spraying by humic acid on mineral leaf composition, yield and fruit quality of apple (Malus domestica L. cv. ‘Granny Smith’) was studied. An experiment based on randomized complete design was conducted in Khorramdare city of Zanjan province. Spraying of humic acid was conducted in four levels 0, 5, 10 and 15 mg/l on eight year-old ‘Granny Smith’ apples grafted on MM106 rootstock. Spraying was conducted two, four and eight weeks after full bloom stage. Results showed that humic acid treatment significantly increased yield, total soluble solid (TSS), acidity (pH), concentration of leaf potassium and total chlorophyll content. Concentrations of 10 and 15 mg/l had the highest effect on yield. The humic acid treatment reduced vegetative current shoot growth. There have not significant effect on fruit firmness diameter and length fruit of treated fruits and control. The parameters such as total sugar, leaf area, concentration of N and P of leaf did not influenced by humic acid treatment. According to the results, it can be concluded that concentrations of 10 and 15 mg/l of humic acid spraying have main effect on increasing yield and precocity of ‘Granny Smith’ apple.
Reyhaneh Pishkam Rad; Ali Izadi Darbandi; Maryam Shahbazi; Mehdi Fazel Najaf-Abadi; Hamid Reza Nikkhah; Raha Abedini; Morteza Barati
Abstract
In order to study the reaction of barley genotypes to drought, an experiment was conducted in a factorialdesign based on CRD for two wild ecotypes and four crop genotypes of barley in greenhouse. In thisstudy, the barley genotypes and wild ecotypes as the first factor and irrigation treatment with three ...
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In order to study the reaction of barley genotypes to drought, an experiment was conducted in a factorialdesign based on CRD for two wild ecotypes and four crop genotypes of barley in greenhouse. In thisstudy, the barley genotypes and wild ecotypes as the first factor and irrigation treatment with three levelsinclude 70 percent of water holding capacity of soil, 30 and 10 percent as the second factor wereconsidered as treatments. Analysis of growth and other morphological characteristics such as tillers, plantheight and leaf number and leaf area per plant and some physiological characteristics including therelative water content, leaf chlorophyll content, osmotic potential, osmotic adjustment, stomatalconductance, canopy temperature in each three treatments were measured. Analysis of variance showedthat the effect of drought on all traits and differences between genotypes were significant. Results ofcorrelation revealed that there is a significant and direct relationship between relative water content withosmotic potential and percentage of dried material. Path analysis identified that osmotic potential had themost direct effect on died material. The 41-1 and Morocco genotypes showed greater sensitivity thanother genotypes to the applied stress.