Saeid Hazrati; Amir Reza Sadeghi-Bakhtvari; Davood Kiani
Abstract
The present study aims at evaluating the effects of leaf foliar of growth regulators and nitrogen on growth parameters and yield of spring safflower. To do so it has carried out a research at East Azerbaijan Agricultural Research Center as a factorial experiment based on RCBD (Randomized Complete Block ...
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The present study aims at evaluating the effects of leaf foliar of growth regulators and nitrogen on growth parameters and yield of spring safflower. To do so it has carried out a research at East Azerbaijan Agricultural Research Center as a factorial experiment based on RCBD (Randomized Complete Block Design) with three replications. The factors include growth regulators in four levels, namely auxin, cytokinin, auxin + cytokinin (wherein the treatment’s concentration has been 1000 mg/L), and control (no use of growth regulator, whatsoever), foliar application of nitrogen (3 and 6 per thousand), and two springcultivars (Soffe and Goldasht). Results show taller plants (17%) and greater number of heads per plant (39%), seeds per head (9%), and lateral stems (37%) for Soffeh cultivar, compared to Goldasht variety. On the other hand, Goldasht cultivar provides the maximum head diameter (15%) and 1000 seed weight (47%), in comparison to Soffeh cultivar. The maximum grain yield is observed for Soffeh cultivar with auxin growth regulator and a concentration of three per thousand foliar application of nitrogen (3205 kg ha -1),displaying no significant difference from either the control or the application of three per thousand foliar of nitrogen (3120 kg ha-1). The application of growth regulators has changed the fatty acid composition. The application of auxin + cytokinin as the growth regulator with a concentration of three and six per thousand foliar of nitrogen increase the oleic, palmitic, and linolenic acids. However, the use of auxin and cytokinin separately increase linoleic and stearic acids among the fatty acids, compared to the control, which is higher in Soffeh cultivar than Goldasht. In general, Soffeh cultivar shows higher growth and yield, compared to Goldasht cultivar, indicating the positive effect in foliar application of hormones and nitrogen for the latter.
Shima Chayani; Ahmad Ershadi; Hasan Sarikhani
Abstract
Delaying bud break, using chemicals is an approach to avoid spring frost damage. Therefore, the effect of spraying different concentrations of soybean oil and naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) on delaying bud break, altering internal atmosphere and cold hardiness in grape cultivar ‘Fakhri’ was ...
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Delaying bud break, using chemicals is an approach to avoid spring frost damage. Therefore, the effect of spraying different concentrations of soybean oil and naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) on delaying bud break, altering internal atmosphere and cold hardiness in grape cultivar ‘Fakhri’ was studied in 2011 in a commercial vineyard in Maryanaj, Hamedan using a factorial trial based on randomized complete block design with three replications. Selected branches were pruned to six buds. The concentration of carbon dioxide and ethylene gases in the buds were measured three days after spraying. Results showed that spraying 10 percent soybean oil alone or in combination with 100 mg/l naphthalene acetic acid caused the highest concentration of carbon dioxide and ethylene in buds, delayed bud bursting for 12 days and improved cold resistance of buds by 5°C. Auxin had minor impact on delaying opening and increasing cold tolerance of buds, while five percent soybean oil alone or in combination with NAA had intermediate effect. Applying oil treatments in March had more considerable effect on delaying bud opening and CO2 and ethylene accumulation, compared to April spraying. It seems that applying soybean oil prolongs bud dormancy due to increasing respiratory gases accumulation which subsequently delays bud break and resulted in decreased spring frost damage.
Hassan Hajnajjari; Mohialdin Pirkhezri; Daryoush Atashkar
Abstract
Using apple clonal rootstocks is necessary for improving crop efficiency in apple orchards. After graftingof apple cultivars on malling rootstocks, the extra parts of the rootstock was used as stem cuttings. Apical,middle and basal parts of these shoots were used as cuttings. Two propagation conditions, ...
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Using apple clonal rootstocks is necessary for improving crop efficiency in apple orchards. After graftingof apple cultivars on malling rootstocks, the extra parts of the rootstock was used as stem cuttings. Apical,middle and basal parts of these shoots were used as cuttings. Two propagation conditions, greenhouse andnursery and three concentrations of Indole-3- Butyric acid (IBA) on rooting, callus production, rootnumber and root length of two apple rootstocks (MM106, MM111). Some cuttings were placed upsidedown. The results showed that there were significant differences among the different treatments ofcultural system, cutting position, type of rootstock and IBA concentration. The percentage of rooting innursery propagation system with inverted cuttings (28.77%) have significant difference with greenhousesystem (22.19%) and MM106 with 38.82% rooting had a significant difference to MM111 with 12.4%rooting. The highest rooting percentage (38.82%) was obtained at 2500 mg/l of IBA.