mohsen karimimovahedi; Gholam Akbari; Gholam Ali Akbari; Fatemeh Benakashani; Mohammad Reza Ardakani
Abstract
Objective: Environmental stress, especially drought stress, is one of the most important factors that reduce the growth and development of oil plants such as rapeseed in arid and semi-arid regions. The purpose of this research is to investigate the effect of biochar and biosulfur on seed yield and some ...
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Objective: Environmental stress, especially drought stress, is one of the most important factors that reduce the growth and development of oil plants such as rapeseed in arid and semi-arid regions. The purpose of this research is to investigate the effect of biochar and biosulfur on seed yield and some ecophysiological traits of rapeseed under drought stress conditions in winter cultivation.Methods: This research was carried out in form of a factorial split-plot with randomized complete block design having three replications in 2019 in Karaj. In this experiment, irrigation treatment witnessed three levels of 30%, 60%, and 100% of crop capacity as main plots, while biochar treatment saw three levels of no application and application of three and six tons per hectare and biosulfur treatment, two levels of application and non-application as plots. Subsidiaries were considered.Results: It was found that drought stress had a significant effect on the seed and oil yield of rapeseed. Thus, the amount of these traits in drought stress showed a decrease of 50% and 52%, respectively, compared to the control. Also, the use of six tons per hectare of biochar had increased by 49% and 36% in terms of its number of pods per plant and the number of seeds per pod. Also, the interaction effect of biosulfur application and the use of six tons of biochar had the greatest effect on the traits of the number of pods per plant and harvest index.Conclusion: The results showed that the use of biofertilizers can be used as a suitable method to increase the yield of rapeseed. Increasing oil percentage and grain yield will ultimately increase the field and economic yield (oil) of the rapeseed plant.
Ali Yazdan panah gohari; Marzieh Ghanbari Jahromi; Vahid Zarrin nia
Abstract
Mycorrhiza is a common group of microorganisms that can establish symbiotic relations with plants. To evaluate symbiosis and compatibility between a collection of chicory seeds and mycorrhizal fungi, through inoculation, a factorial experiment is set up in a randomized complete block design. Two batches ...
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Mycorrhiza is a common group of microorganisms that can establish symbiotic relations with plants. To evaluate symbiosis and compatibility between a collection of chicory seeds and mycorrhizal fungi, through inoculation, a factorial experiment is set up in a randomized complete block design. Two batches of chicory seed (Ardabil and Fars) are inoculated by two species of mycorrhizal fungi (Glomus mosseae and Glomus intraradices) with the control group of the seeds not being inoculated at all. Three replicates have been arranged in a greenhouse. The research aims at examining how the two species of mycorrhizal fungi affect several plant traits and the amounts of phytochemical compounds (i.e. phenol, flavonoids, antioxidant activity, chlorophyll a and b, total chlorophyll), fresh and dry weights of roots and root length. It also deals with chicory roots’ ability to absorb several elements. Results show that seed batch and mycorrhizal fungi have significant impacts on vegetative traits, chlorophyll content, phenol, total flavonoids, and antioxidant activity in plants. The highest amounts of total phenol production (3.77 mg/g fresh weight), total flavonoids (1.21 mg/g fresh weight), antioxidant activity (5.23 mg/g fresh weight), root growth and chlorophyll content are observed in the Ardabil batch when treated with G. intraradices. The lowest amounts of these values are recorded in the Fars batch where no mycorrhizal inoculation has been applied. The two batches of seeds grow into plants with different growth rates and phytochemical compositions. The growth parameters of plants improve in the case of mycorrhizal inoculation. The effects of G. intraradices are more efficient than those of G. mosseae in symbiosis with chicory plants. Based on the results of the present study and considering the compatibility of mycorrhiza with the environment, the use of these fungi can substantially increase the yield of various plants, especially medicinal plants.
Raouf Seyed sharif; reza seyed sharifi
Abstract
In order to study the effects of various rates of starter nitrogen, methanol, and bio fertilizers on nodulation, grain filling period, and yield of lentil (Lens culinaris L.) under rainfed condition, an experiment has been carried out as factorial based on randomized complete block design with three ...
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In order to study the effects of various rates of starter nitrogen, methanol, and bio fertilizers on nodulation, grain filling period, and yield of lentil (Lens culinaris L.) under rainfed condition, an experiment has been carried out as factorial based on randomized complete block design with three replications under field condition in Ardabil in 2018-2019. The factors include starter nitrogen in three levels (no nitrogen and N application of 25 and 50 kg/ha) by urea, bio fertilizers in four levels (without bio fertilizers, application of Rhizobium legominosarum, mycorrhiza and both application of mycorrhiza with Rhizobium legominosarum), application of methanol at three levels (foliar application with water and methanol applications of 15 and 30 volume percent). Means comparision show that the maximum number and weight of nodules per plant (12.72 and 11.59 mg per plant, respectively), grain filling rate (1.45 mg/day), grain filling period and effective grain filling period (35.17 and 29.91 days, respectively), number of pod per plant (34.43), and grain yield (1530 kg/ha) have been obtained at both applications of mycorrhiza with Rhizobium legominosarum, foliar application of 30 volume percent of methanol, and 50 kg/ha of starter nitrogen. The treatments display an increase of about 210%, 25.64%, 45.76%, and 103% in the number of nodules per plant, grain filling rate, effective grain filling period, and grain yield, respectively, in comparison with the control (no application of nitrogen, methanol, and bio fertilizers). Based on the results from this study, both applications of bio fertilizers (mycorrhiza with Rhizobium legominosarum) and foliar application of 30 volume percent of methanol with 50 kg/ha starter nitrogen are recommended to improve grain yield of lentil under rainfed condition.
fatemeh aghaei; Raouf Seyed sharif; hamed narimani
Abstract
In order to study the effect of 0.05 g.L-1 Uniconazole and biofertilizers application on yield, chlorophyll content and grain filling components of wheat using segmented model under soil salinity conditions, an experiment was carried out as factorial based on randomized complete block design with three ...
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In order to study the effect of 0.05 g.L-1 Uniconazole and biofertilizers application on yield, chlorophyll content and grain filling components of wheat using segmented model under soil salinity conditions, an experiment was carried out as factorial based on randomized complete block design with three replications. Factors were included soil salinity in four levels (non-application of salinity as control and 40, 80 and 120 mM salinity in soil), by NaCl and single and combination application of Uniconazole and bio fertilizers (1) control or without bio fertilizers and Uniconazole, (2) mycorrhiza fungi, (3) Uniconazole, (4) Pseudomonas putida, (5) mycorrhiza with Pseudomonas putida, (6) mycorrhiza with Uniconazole, (7) both application of mycorrhiza with Uniconazole and Pseudomonas). A segmented model was used to quantifying the grain filling parameters. The results showed that both application of mycorrhiza with Uniconazole and Pseudomonas under no salinity condition increased the content of chlorophyll a, total chlorophyll, carotenoid, root weight and volume (39.8, 51.6, 47.2, 97.9 and 54.7% respectively) and also maximum of grain weight, grain filling period, effective grain filling period and grain weight (78.4, 21.8, 32.2 and 108.8% respectively) in comparison with no application of bio fertilizers and Uniconazole under the highest soil salinity level. Based on the results, bio fertilizers and Uniconazole application can be suggested as a proper approach for increasing of yield and grain filling period of wheat under soil salinity condition.
Mohammad Taghi Darzi; Mohammadreza Haj Seyed Hadi
Abstract
To study the effects of organic and bio-fertilizers on quantity and quality of essential oil of dragonhead (Dracocephalum moldavica L.), an experiment was conducted as randomized complete blocks design with eight treatments and three replications at agricultural research field of the Company of Ran in ...
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To study the effects of organic and bio-fertilizers on quantity and quality of essential oil of dragonhead (Dracocephalum moldavica L.), an experiment was conducted as randomized complete blocks design with eight treatments and three replications at agricultural research field of the Company of Ran in Firouzkuh of Iran during the growing season of 2014-2015. The treatments were 20 t/ha manure, 10 t/ha vermicompost, biofertilizer (2 lit/ha nitroxin + 2 lit/ha bio-superphosphat), 10 t/ha manure + 5 t/ha vermicompost, 20 t/ha manure + biofertilizer, 10 t/ha vermicompost + biofertilizer, 10 t/ha manure + 5 t/ha vermicompost + biofertilizer and chemical fertilizer (NPK: 80, 70 and 80 kg/ha). The results have shown that the highest essential oil percent, essential oil yield, geraniol percent and linalool percent were obtained in essential oil at the treatment of application of 10 t/ha vermicompost and the maximum geranial percent, neral percent and neryl acetate percent were observed in essential oil at the treatment of integrated application of 10 t/ha vermicompost and biofertilizer. Also, the highest geranyl acetate percent was obtained in essential oil at the treatment of chemical fertilizer application (control). Generally, the highest percent and yield of essential oil and essential oil quality were obtained using 10 t/ha vermicompost application.
Raouf Seyed sharif; Reza Seyed Sharifi
Abstract
In order to study the effect of mycorrhiza and foliar nano (Fe and Zn) oxide spraying on yield and some biochemical traits of spring safflower (cultivar Padedeh) under water limitation condition, a factorial experiment was conducted based on randomized complete block design with three replications at ...
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In order to study the effect of mycorrhiza and foliar nano (Fe and Zn) oxide spraying on yield and some biochemical traits of spring safflower (cultivar Padedeh) under water limitation condition, a factorial experiment was conducted based on randomized complete block design with three replications at the research farm of the Islamic Azad University, Ardabil Branch in cropping year of 2014. The experimental factors were included arboscular mycorrhiza application in two levels (with and without mycorrhiza), foliar application of nano zinc oxide in four levels (non-foliar application and foliar application of nano iron oxide, nano zinc oxide and nano zinc oxide + nano iron oxide) and irrigation in three levels [full irrigation as control, irrigation with holding at 50% of flowering and heading-bud stages (moderate and severe water limitation respectively)]. Results showed that water limitation was increased proline content, the activity of catalase, peroxidase, polyphenol oxidase enzymes. Mycorrhiza application and foliar nano (Fe and Zn) oxide spraying improved these traits under water limitation condition and normal irrigation. Means comparison showed that maximum of grain yield (2278.52 kg ha-1) was obtained at application of mycorrhiza, nano oxide of Zn+Fe and full irrigation. Minimum of it (834.25 kg ha-1) was obtained in non-mycorrhiza, no application of nano oxide and irrigation to heading-bud stage. Application of mycorrhiza and nano oxide of Zn+Fe increased grain yield by 35.9% as compared with non-mycorrhiza, non-foliar application of nano oxide under severe water limitation. It seems that mycorrhiza and nano oxide of Zn+Fe application is usable for profitable safflowerproduction under water limitation condition.