Esmaeil Moghbeli damaneh; Rouhallah Fatahi; Behzad Ghorbani; Gholamreza Rabiei; Samad Esfandyari
Abstract
Since the regulated deficit irrigation and subsurface irrigation cause to increase high water use efficiency and water saving, a field factorial experiment was carried out based on randomized complete block design with three replications at the South Kerman Agricultural and Natural Resources Research ...
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Since the regulated deficit irrigation and subsurface irrigation cause to increase high water use efficiency and water saving, a field factorial experiment was carried out based on randomized complete block design with three replications at the South Kerman Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center during 2014-2016. In this study, two factors including deficit irrigation (100 percent ETc in total growing stages, 60-100 percent and 80 percent ETc except in the flowering and fruit-filling stages) and irrigation method (deep subsurface, subsurface drip and surface drip irrigation) were evaluated. Vegetative traits, yield and water use efficiency were measured during growing period of sweet orange (Citrus sinensis var. Mars Early) grafted on Citrus aurantium. The results showed that the regulated deficit irrigation practices save water compared to complete irrigation of about 17 percent and reduce vegetative growth, although there were no statistically significant differences in yield. Subsurface irrigation saved water compared to surface drip irrigation of about 10 percent, improved vegetative growth and water use efficiency. Therefore, it can be concluded that regulated deficit irrigation and subsurface irrigation are very effective for improving the water use efficiency and water saving.
nastaran hemmati; azim ghasem nezhad; javad fattahi moghaddam; pouneh ebrahimi
Abstract
The present study was done to investigate the correlation between biochemical changes of grafted tree fruits and rootstock fruits in Gorgan university of agricultural science and natural resources in 2012-2013. For this purpose, the antioxidant activity and the total content of phenol and flavonoid ...
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The present study was done to investigate the correlation between biochemical changes of grafted tree fruits and rootstock fruits in Gorgan university of agricultural science and natural resources in 2012-2013. For this purpose, the antioxidant activity and the total content of phenol and flavonoid on four rootstocks such as Yuzu (Citrus junos), Shelmahalleh (Citrus sinensis var. shel mahalleh), Citrumelo (Citrus paradisi X Poncirus trifoliate), Sour orange (Citrus aurantium) and Italian and Salustiana grafted tree were studied in skin and flesh of fruits. This research was done as a factorial experiment based on completely randomized design with three replications. The result showed that the measured parameters were significantly influenced by cultivar, rootstock and tissue. The highest amount of total phenol (21.38 mg/gDM) was recorded in Italian skin on Shelmahalleh rootstock. The most antioxidant activity (85.71 percent) was produced in the skin of Citrumelo rootstock. The maximum content of total flavonoid (0.337 mg/gDM) was observed in the skin of Salustiana on Yuzu rootstock. The investigation indicated that the total phenol accumulation ability of rootstock fruit influences the antioxidant activity of the grafted tree fruits with a positive correlation Although there was significant differences between antioxidant compounds of grafted tree fruits with fruits of their rootstocks, but there was no relationship between them. It seems this was due to a combination of physiological characteristics of each group (grafted or not) of fruits.
Fariborz Zaare-Nahandi; Nilufar Mohamadi Silabi
Abstract
Flowering and fruit production of ‘Nagami’ kumquat is somewhat different from other citrus species because usually have three flowering peak in a year which can lead to producing fruits with different quality on a tree. Considering the proper effect of paclobutrazol on raising citrus flowering, ...
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Flowering and fruit production of ‘Nagami’ kumquat is somewhat different from other citrus species because usually have three flowering peak in a year which can lead to producing fruits with different quality on a tree. Considering the proper effect of paclobutrazol on raising citrus flowering, a pot experiment with three levels of paclobutrazol (zero, 0.1 and 0.5 g ai per tree) and six replications was conducted as a complete randomized block design. The results showed that paclobutrazol had effective effect on kumquat flowering and fruit set. Effect of paclobutrazol on shoot growth before and after the flowering period and the number of shoots after flowering period was significant and led to reducing them. All paclobutrazol treatments led to early flowering, increasing the number of first and second flower flush and fruit production. In terms of fruit quality, significant decrease in the length, diameter/length ratio and acidity of fruits was observed. In general, paclobutrazol caused a marked increase in fruit production of ‘Nagami’ kumquat, while retained most of the desirable traits of fruit.
Alireza Abdolahpour; Mahmoud Ghasemnejad; Ali Momenpour; Ali Reza Eshkvari
Abstract
In this study, effect of irrigation duration on concentration of some macro and micro nutrient elements in ‘Thompson Navel’ orange leaves grafted on three rootstocks was evaluated as a factorial experiment in completely randomized block design. Factors included rootstocks in three levels ...
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In this study, effect of irrigation duration on concentration of some macro and micro nutrient elements in ‘Thompson Navel’ orange leaves grafted on three rootstocks was evaluated as a factorial experiment in completely randomized block design. Factors included rootstocks in three levels (Poncirus trifoliata, Citrus aurantium and Troyer citrange (Citrus sinensis ´ Poncitus trifoliata)) and irrigation durations in four levels (2, 4, 6 and 8 days). The results showed that rootstocks and irrigation duration can significantly affect scion leaf nutrient elements concentration. With irrigation of two days intervals, the differences among citrus rootstocks for nutrient elements absorption was significant. In two days interval of irrigation (no stress), significantly higher copper concentrations by sour orange, potassium concentrations by poncirus and phosphor, nitrogen, iron and zinc by Troyer citrange rootstocks were absorbed as measured in ‘Thompson Navel’ leaves. In 8 days interval irrigation treatment, significantly higher copper and zinc concentrations by sour orange, nitrogen and potassium concentrations by poncirus and phosphor by troyer citrange rootstocks were measured in 'Thompson navel' leaf as a scion. Overall, all rootstocks used in this study, that are common citrus rootstocks in the North of Iran, did not show any preference in nutrient element absorption at drought stress conditions.
Arezoo Dadrasnia; Akbar Forghani; Bijan Moradi; Reza Fifaei
Volume 11, Issue 2 , November 2009, , Pages 41-47
Abstract
Nitrogen foliar spray is one of the most important components in fertilizing programs for citrus in Iran, as it can reduce nitrate leaching. The goal of this research was to determine the most effective concentration of foliar urea application on “Thamson Navel’’ orange trees, for achieving ...
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Nitrogen foliar spray is one of the most important components in fertilizing programs for citrus in Iran, as it can reduce nitrate leaching. The goal of this research was to determine the most effective concentration of foliar urea application on “Thamson Navel’’ orange trees, for achieving the highest yield. Foliar sprays were carried out, in two stages with total concentrations of 0.4, 0.8 and 1.2%. The first stage applied in April with concentrations of (0.25, 0.5 and 0.75%) and second stage in the end of July with concentrations of (0.15, 0.35 and 0.45%). Results of statistical analysis showed that urea treatment at concentration of 1.2% had significant effect on increasing the mean fruit weight. Also significant increase in mean fruit diameter and total soluble solids to acidity ratio in urea treatment at 0.4% concentration were observed. The results indicated that, there is no significant effect on vitamin C and ratio of fruit length to fruit diameter in urea treatment at concentration of 1.2%. All spray treatments increased fruit set. Finally, urea treatment at concentration of 1.2% had the best effects on more of studied traits.