Fatemeh Delavarnia; Faezeh Zaefarian; roghayeh hasanpour; Hemmatollah Pirdashti
Abstract
In order to evaluate the ability of forage sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L.) to remediate the heavy metal cadmium with biochar and Pseudomonas putida, a factorial experiment has been conducted based on completely randomized design accomplished in greenhouse conditions with four replications at Sari Agricultural ...
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In order to evaluate the ability of forage sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L.) to remediate the heavy metal cadmium with biochar and Pseudomonas putida, a factorial experiment has been conducted based on completely randomized design accomplished in greenhouse conditions with four replications at Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University, in the summer of 2019. Results show that the presence of cadmium in the medium of sorghum reduce the dry weight of root and shoot. However, adding biochar and bacterial inoculation significantly increase the mentioned traits. Bioconcentration factor and bioaccumulation factor have increased from 25 to 100 mg of cadmium, when the highest shoot bioaccumulation factor (2.31) is observed at a concentration of 100 mg Cd per kg soil and in the simultaneous application of Biochar and Pseudomonas putida, which is a significant increase of 28.33% compared to the control. The lowest translocation factor of sorghum (1.000) is related to non-application of biochar, non-inoculation of Pseudomonas putida and without cadmium contamination, itslef reduced by 20% compared to the control, while the highest translocation factor (1.94) is observed at a concentration of 25 mg of cadmium per kg of soil and treatment of non-application of biochar and non-inoculation of Pseudomonas putida. Plant tolerance index has decreased by increasing cadmium concentration, while the use of biochar and inoculation of Pseudomonas putida has increased this index when the highest tolerance index (1.22) is related to the treatment of combined use of biochar and bacteria with no cadmium, increased by 22% compared to non-application of biochar and non-inoculation bacteria. As the tolerance index of forage sorghum in all concentrations of cadmium is more than 0.60, this plant can be classified in the highly-tolerant group to the heavy metal cadmium stress and sorghum could be used for cadmium phytoremediation.