Hamid Zargari; Alireza Talaie; Yahya Dehghani Shurki; Vahid Abdossi
Abstract
One of the problems faced by Phoenix dactylifera L growers in different parts of the country is the lack of a favorable fruit set for tissue culture seedlings of some cultivars recently. This study is conducted to investigate the effects of pollen of different cultivars on the fruit set of Phoenix dactylifera ...
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One of the problems faced by Phoenix dactylifera L growers in different parts of the country is the lack of a favorable fruit set for tissue culture seedlings of some cultivars recently. This study is conducted to investigate the effects of pollen of different cultivars on the fruit set of Phoenix dactylifera L tissue culture and offshoot palms of Barhi, Piaroom, and Mazafati cultivars in the garden of Jahrom Agricultural Research Station. During the years 2018 - 2019, in a factorial experiment, three factors have been performed in three replications with a randomized complete block design. The first factor involves different pollen with five levels (i.e., codes 7001 (control), 7005, 7013, 7030, and Boyer 11 obtained from tissue culture (B11)) with the second factor being the cultivar type in three levels (Barhi, Pyaram, and Mazafati), and the third one, the type of seedlings, all applied on 90 ten-year-old trees in two levels (tissue culture and offshoot). Results show that the highest percentage of natural fruit set has been observed in Mazafati cultivar with 7013 and 7030 pollens and 7013 pollen in Barhi cultivar. The lowest percentage of natural fruit set belongs to tissue culture method in Barhi cultivar with pollen 7001 (control). In general, 7013 and 7030 pollens have been identified as the most suitable pollinator base to increase the percentage of normal fruit set and reduce parthenocarpic and fallen fruits of Barhi, Piaroom, and Mazafati cultivars obtained from tissue culture and offshoot.
Erfan Sepahvand; Mahmoud Ghasem nejad; Mohammad Reza Fatahi Moghadam; Ali Reza Talaie; Mohammad Ali Askari Sarcheshmeh
Abstract
The type of training system and application of calcium spray have considerable effects on storability of fruits. In this study, the effects of calcium chloride spray (0, 0.75, 1.5 and 3 g.L-1) in three times during 2, 4 and 6 weeks before harvest time on apple (Malus domestica) fruits cvs. ‘Gala’ ...
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The type of training system and application of calcium spray have considerable effects on storability of fruits. In this study, the effects of calcium chloride spray (0, 0.75, 1.5 and 3 g.L-1) in three times during 2, 4 and 6 weeks before harvest time on apple (Malus domestica) fruits cvs. ‘Gala’ and ‘Delbarestival’, which trained in three different training systems (V shape, HighTech and Cordon) were investigated after 4 months in cold storage. This experiment was designed as split factorial in frame of randomized complete block design with four replications. The fruit characteristics such as fruit firmness, total soluble solids (TSS), titratable acid (TA), TSS/TA, total phenolic, total flavonoids, total anthocyanin, ethylene and respiration rate were evaluated at the end of storability. The results showed that training systems types and foliar application with calcium chloride had significant effect on postharvest quality of fruits. Calcium chloride spray increased TSS, TA content, antioxidant capacity, anthocyanin content, phenol content and tissue firmness of fruits at the end of storage in compared to control. Fruits firmness of Gala was higher than Delbarestival cultivars. The highest TSS (14.22%) and TA (0.47%) content were found in fruits produced with High-tech system when sprayed with 0.75 g. L-1 calcium chloride. Ethylene production of Delbarestival (18.36, 15.22 and 15.11 nL/g.h) was higher than Gala fruits (6.60, 6.38 and 8.43 nL/g.h) at three different training systems. Preharvest calcium spray suppresed ethylene production and respiration rate of apple fruits produced at three different training systems as compared to control at the end of storage.
Nabi Hadavand; Ahmad Ershadi; Rohollah Karimi; Alireza Talaei; Mohammad Ali Askari Sarcheshmeh
Abstract
High-density planting system is one of the effective methods for improving production and profitability of tree orchards. In this research, the effects of four planting densities (1904, 2666, 3137 and 4800 tree/ha) on annual shoot growth, Physicochemical properties of fruit and leaf mineral contents ...
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High-density planting system is one of the effective methods for improving production and profitability of tree orchards. In this research, the effects of four planting densities (1904, 2666, 3137 and 4800 tree/ha) on annual shoot growth, Physicochemical properties of fruit and leaf mineral contents of apple (Malus domestica Borkh cv ‘Granny Smith’) tree grafted on M26 clonal rootstock were studied in randomized complete block design with four treatments and four replications in College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, during 2009-2010. Based on results, planting density significantly affected some qualitative characteristics such as fruit length, fruit diameter, total soluble solid, fruit dry matter, fruit ash and sun scald, but no significant effect on fruit weight, fruit L/D ratio, TA and tenacity were observed. Planting density significantly affected the leaf N and Fe concentrations. The highest N (1.81 percent) and Cu (39 µg/kg) the lowest Fe of leaves (237 µg/kg) was observed with 1904 tree/ha. Although, planting density had no significant effect on other mineral elements, but with increasing the planting density, leaf P, K, Mg and Mn content increased, but, Ca and Cu decreased. Increasing in N and Fe was associated with a decrease and increase of current seasonal shoot growth, respectively. Likewise, trees with higher crop tend to have more N and less Fe. These results showed that, under Iran climatic condition, with increasing in planting density of apple orchardit can be produced higher fruit crop without decrease in its quality parameters.
fatemeh nazoori; Siamak Kalantari; Nader Doraki; Alireza Talaie; Amanollah Javanshah
Abstract
In order to improve the quality and the possibility of fresh pistachio exports , the impact of different harvest time on storage of ‘Ahmadaghaii’ Pistachio was investigated. In 2011, pistachios harvested at three stages of fruit ripening (40, 70 and 100 percent of hulling) in hulling fresh, ...
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In order to improve the quality and the possibility of fresh pistachio exports , the impact of different harvest time on storage of ‘Ahmadaghaii’ Pistachio was investigated. In 2011, pistachios harvested at three stages of fruit ripening (40, 70 and 100 percent of hulling) in hulling fresh, fresh without hulling and dried pistachio packaged in pulpy bag and held in two-temperature storage (1 ± 4 and 1 ± 12 ° C) for 45 Days. Data were analizaed with factoriel in format of randomized completely design in three replications. The results showed expedition and delay in harvest, increases period of storage and temperature result to increes of endocarp spots and low fruit retention. Increase of temperature and during storage result to decress of taste and low fruit firmness and kernel damage, acidity, peroxide, water loss were increase. This data showed that to keep fruit fresh pistachio, harvesting in stage of 70-80% of ripening, processing with fresh hulling and storage in 1 ± 4 ° C temperature, result to retention of fresh pistachio to 45 days.
Erfan Sepahvand; Mahmood GHasem nejhad; Mohammad Reza Fattahi Moghadam; Alireza Talaei; Mohammad Ali Askari
Abstract
In this study, the effect of foliar spray with calcium chloride (0, 0.75, 1.5 and 3 g L-1) during 2, 4 and 6 weeks before commercial harvesting time of apple fruit cv. ‘Gala’ and ‘Delbarestival’ which trained in three different systems (V shape, HighTech and Cordon) was investigated. ...
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In this study, the effect of foliar spray with calcium chloride (0, 0.75, 1.5 and 3 g L-1) during 2, 4 and 6 weeks before commercial harvesting time of apple fruit cv. ‘Gala’ and ‘Delbarestival’ which trained in three different systems (V shape, HighTech and Cordon) was investigated. The results showed that types of training systems and foliar application of calcium can affect on fruits quality at harvest time. Tree yield, fruits weigh and fruit tissue firmness of ‘Gala’ was significantly higher than ‘Delbarestival’. Furthermore, calcium spray increased fruit firmness in compared to control and TA deacresead in compared to control. Calcium treatment increased fruit skin a* value that means more antocyanin synthesis and redness. Results generally showed that ‘Gala’ apple trained in HighTech and V shape systems as well as ‘Delbarestival’ in HighTech produced the higher fruits weight and size as well as quality favorite in compare to other system.
Fatemeh Nazoori; Siamak Kalantari; Amanollah Javanshah; Nader Doraki; Alireza Talaie
Abstract
This study was done to evaluate the effects of harvest time on some factor of ‘Ahmadaqaie’ pistachio nuts in Rafsanjan. In three consecutive years (2009-2012) during three stages of friut ripening (40, 70 and 100 percent of hulling), fruit was harvested and physiological and biochemical parameters ...
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This study was done to evaluate the effects of harvest time on some factor of ‘Ahmadaqaie’ pistachio nuts in Rafsanjan. In three consecutive years (2009-2012) during three stages of friut ripening (40, 70 and 100 percent of hulling), fruit was harvested and physiological and biochemical parameters were measured. The experiments were conducted as randomized complete block design with compound analysis in three replications. Most of the traits were influenced by harvest time more than latitude and length of piistachio. The highest amount of protein (20.5%), chlorophyll content (6 mg) and inflorecence bud retention (61%) was in immature nuts (40 percent). Pistachios harvested in stage two (70%) had the best quality and quantity despite of green kernal and good taste of immature pistachio nuts. Although third harvest (100%) increased the dry weight and percent of nut splitting, but have some problems including increasing early splitting, endocarp yellowing, nut drop under the trees, and finally difficult to harvest operations which will increase fungal infections and reduce the nutritional value. In the best time of harvesting in normal condition, the nutritional value, splitting and dry matter were high that roughly coincides with the 70 to 80 percent ripening stage.