Mohammad-Tayyeb Bayazidi-Aghdam; Jalal Jalilian; hamid Mohammadi
Abstract
One of the most important goals of cultivating medicinal plants is to improve their essential oil content, which will be affected by environmental factors such as water deficit stress and nutritional stress conditions. In this regard, a three-year split plot study has been done as a randomized complete ...
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One of the most important goals of cultivating medicinal plants is to improve their essential oil content, which will be affected by environmental factors such as water deficit stress and nutritional stress conditions. In this regard, a three-year split plot study has been done as a randomized complete block design with three replications in Urmia University at the 2014-2017 cropping years. The main factors include irrigation regimes in three levels (normal irrigation, supplementary irrigation, and rainfed conditions), and the sub-factor at six levels include fertilizer resources {biofertilizer (Azotobaror 1 + Phosphate-Barvar 2), complete chemical fertilizer and complete Nano fertilizer with and without vermicompost. Sampling and analysis of traits are performed in the cropping year 2016-2017 (third year of planting). Compared to normal irrigation, the results show that supplementary irrigation and rainfed treatments while reducing the concentration of nitrogen (14.94% and 7.72%), phosphorus (31.20% and 37.71%), potassium (11.58% and 9.14%), copper (14.27% and 28.96%), and total dry weight (33.22% and 56.14%), increase the concentration of iron (8.08% and 66.05%), zinc (16.82% and 7.16%), and essential oil yield (25.32% and 37.11%) of thyme, respectively. Combined application of nano fertilizer with vermicompost under normal irrigation conditions, and application of nano fertilizer in supplementary and rainfed irrigation conditions has improved essential oil yield by 2.7%, 3.39%, and 3.78%, respectively. In general, the improvement of essential oil yield in water deficit stress, during the application of nano fertilizer, indicates the efficiency of this fertilizer in providing nutrients and achieving sustainable agricultural goals.
Peyman Mohammadzadeh Toutounchi; Alireza Pirzad; Jalal Jalilian
Abstract
In order to investigate the effect of biological and organic fertilizers on the yield (quality and quantity) of chicory forage under rainfed condition, a factorial experiment was conducted at Urmia University based on randomized complete block design with three replications in 2016. Treatments included ...
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In order to investigate the effect of biological and organic fertilizers on the yield (quality and quantity) of chicory forage under rainfed condition, a factorial experiment was conducted at Urmia University based on randomized complete block design with three replications in 2016. Treatments included control, Mycorrhiza (AMF), Thiobacillus bacteria (Thio), AMF+Thio, Vermicompost (V), AMF+V, Thio+V and AMF+Thio+V that their effects were evaluated in two growth stages (before stem elongation and full flowering). In comparison with control, the AMF+Thio+V increased dry forage yield, dry matter digestibility, crude protein yield and water soluble carbohydrates yield 99.72%, 143.21%, 68.54% and 76% in full flowering stage, respectively, and this treatment had lowest acid detergent fiber content at both growth stages among all treatments. In general, the use of Mycorrhiza and Thiobacillus together with vermicompost, improved the quantitative and qualitative performance of chicory forage in rainfed condition.
Kambiz Kharazmi; Reza Amirnia; Jalal Jalilian; Mehdi Tajbaksh
Abstract
Due to the high requirement of alfalfa to water, research on the role of organic-biofertilizer and chemical fertilizers in adjustment of low irrigation stress is important, thus, this experiment was conducted as a factorial based on a randomized complete block design with three replications in Agricultural ...
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Due to the high requirement of alfalfa to water, research on the role of organic-biofertilizer and chemical fertilizers in adjustment of low irrigation stress is important, thus, this experiment was conducted as a factorial based on a randomized complete block design with three replications in Agricultural and Natural Resources Research of Khoy in two years (2015-2016). Experimental treatments included irrigation {irrigation at field capacity (control), irrigation at 80% and 60% field capacity} and various fertilizer resources at six level {Mycorrhiza, Nitroxin, Vermicompost, Chicken manure, NPK chemical fertilizer and treatment without fertilizer consumption (control)}. The results of combined analysis showed that irrigation treatment had a significant effect on forage yield, chlorophyll a, b and total chlorophyll, proline, carotenoids, soluble carbohydrates and peroxidase enzyme activity. Regarding the importance of forage production in alfalfa, the results showed that the plant treated with mycorrhiza biofertilizer under full irrigation condition had the similar forage yield as the application of chemical fertilizer, but in both low irrigation conditions, mycorrhiza increase the forage yield by 10.18% in comparison to chemical fertilizer application. Other fertilizer treatments showed different trends in irrigation levels in terms of effect on forage yield, so that under irrigation at 60% field capacity, vermicompost, chicken manure, chemical and control treatments were in a same statistical group. Therefore, considering the disadvantages of using chemical fertilizers, mycorrhiza which has ecological and environmental benefits, can be used in alfalfa cultivation.
Azin Najaf Abadi; Jalal Jalilian; Mohammad Reza Zardoshti
Abstract
To evaluate the quantity and quality of forage in intercropping of safflower and bitter vetch, a factorial experiment was used based on a randomized complete block design with three replications in the Faculty of Agriculture at Urmia University in the growing season of 2013-2014.The first factor was ...
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To evaluate the quantity and quality of forage in intercropping of safflower and bitter vetch, a factorial experiment was used based on a randomized complete block design with three replications in the Faculty of Agriculture at Urmia University in the growing season of 2013-2014.The first factor was the use of high-input and low-input farming systems. The high-input system involved the use of fertilizers (N and P), and chemical control of pests and weeds with the use of Metasystox and Galant. The low-input system used cow manure, bio fertilizers and no chemical material. The second factor was cropping patterns with rows ratio of 2:2, 2:3, 2:4, and 2:5 safflower/bitter vetch and safflower and bitter vetch sole cropping. Results showed that the wet and dry weights of forage grown in sole cropping was more than in all the mixed patterns. The 2:4 planting pattern in the high-input system increased the percentage of crude protein and reduced the crude fiber content of the safflower forage. High-input cropping systems produce the most digestible dry matter and soluble carbohydrate in safflower (76.86% and 11.85 percent) and bitter vetch (61.38 and 16.31 percent). In general, the maximum crude protein content and soluble carbohydrates in bitter vetch forage, and the highest index of LER (1.87) in both plants were obtain from the 2:5 planting pattern in the low-input farming system. Thus, two rows of safflower planted with five rows of bitter vetch is the best model regarding the quality and quantity of forage.
Jalal Jalilian; Reza Amirnia; Esmaeil Gholinezhad; Sahar Abbas zadeh
Abstract
To evaluate effected of supplemental irrigation and seed priming on yield and some quantity and quality characteristics of vetch (Vicia dasycarpa) rainfed maragheh cultivar, an experiment was carried out at the Research Farm of Faculty Agriculture of Urmia University, West Azarbaijan province, Iran, ...
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To evaluate effected of supplemental irrigation and seed priming on yield and some quantity and quality characteristics of vetch (Vicia dasycarpa) rainfed maragheh cultivar, an experiment was carried out at the Research Farm of Faculty Agriculture of Urmia University, West Azarbaijan province, Iran, during 2011. The experimental design was split-plot, laid out in Randomized Complete Block with three replicates. The main plots were without supplemental irrigation (I1), one times supplemental irrigation (I2), two times supplemental irrigation (I3) and three times supplemental irrigation (I4). The subplot included four levels of seed priming: Control (C), Water (W), Phosphate (P) and Nitroxin (N). Plant height, Pod number in stems, 1000-grain weight, biological yield (6.83 t/ha) and harvest index were influenced by the supplemental irrigation. Plant height, 1000-grain weight in second and third harvest and harvest index were influenced by seed priming. Maximum and minimum 1000-grain weight was observed in N (40.66g and 14.72) and C (37.05g and 10.36) seed priming, respectively. As a result, applying two times supplemental irrigation and seed treatment with phosphate and nitroxin had positive effects on quality and quantity yield of vetch.
Esmaeil Rezaei-chiyaneh; Jalal Jalilian; Elnaz Ebrahimian; Seyed Mohamad Seyedi
Abstract
In order to investigate the effects of different irrigation levels and biological fertilizers on quantitative and qualitative yield of ajowan (Carum copticum L.), a field experiment was conducted at a farm located in West Azerbaijan province - city Nagadeh, Iran during growing season of 2012-2013. The ...
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In order to investigate the effects of different irrigation levels and biological fertilizers on quantitative and qualitative yield of ajowan (Carum copticum L.), a field experiment was conducted at a farm located in West Azerbaijan province - city Nagadeh, Iran during growing season of 2012-2013. The experiment was arranged as split plot based on Randomized Complete Block Design in three replications. The main plots were allocated to irrigation levels (Irrigation after 50 mm (control), 100 mm (moderate water stresses) and 150 mm (severe water stresses) evaporation from class A pan) and sub-plots were allotted to biological fertilizers (Mycorrhiza, the combination of Azotobacter and Barvar Phosphate-2, Mycorrhiza + Azotobacter + Barvar Phosphate-2 and control). Results showed that by increasing irrigation times from 50 to 150 mm evaporation, plant height, number of umbel per plant, 1000 seed weight, biological yield, seed yield and concentration and content of essential oil in ajowan were significantly decreased. Among the biological fertilizers, combined usage of biofertilizers (Mycorrhiza + Azotobacter + Barvar Phosphate-2) showed greater increment in studied traits than individual consumption. In each irrigation levels (Irrigation after 50, 100 and 150 mm evaporation), the highest seed yield (783 kg/ha) was obtained from combined usage of biofertilizers and the lowest seed yield (400 kg/ha) belonged to control treatment, respectively.
Jalal Jalilian
Abstract
To determine the effect of farm slopes on yield and some agronomic traits of wheat under different fertilizer treatments, an experiment was performed as split plot based on randomized complete block design with three replications in Piranshahr in 2011-2012. Treatments consisted of farm slope at four ...
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To determine the effect of farm slopes on yield and some agronomic traits of wheat under different fertilizer treatments, an experiment was performed as split plot based on randomized complete block design with three replications in Piranshahr in 2011-2012. Treatments consisted of farm slope at four levels: (zero, 3, 6 and 10 %) as the main plots and combination of different fertilizer at five levels: (control, application of biofertiliozer (Nitroxin), manure, chemicals (N and P) and integration of biological, manure and chemical as sub plots. Results showed that the highest (7.67 t/ha) and lowest (3.68 t/ha) seed yield obtained from farm slope 0 and 10%, respectively. In fact, with increasing of the farm slope, the yield components decreased which lead to 52% and 38% reduction in grain yield and total biomass of plants located on a slope of 10 percent than the control plants. Also, the applications of integrated fertilizer treatments had the most effect on morphological traits and yield components of wheat that increased 12.58 and 13.58 percent the seed yield and total biomass compared to the control plants.
Jalal Jalilian; Azimeh Khade; Alireza Pirzad
Abstract
To study effect of Fe and Zn spraying on some characteristics of mungbean, an experiment was designed as factorial based on randomized complete block with three replications in Urmia University, 2012. Treatments were nutrition systems (organic, chemical, integrated and no nutrition) and micronutrients ...
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To study effect of Fe and Zn spraying on some characteristics of mungbean, an experiment was designed as factorial based on randomized complete block with three replications in Urmia University, 2012. Treatments were nutrition systems (organic, chemical, integrated and no nutrition) and micronutrients (Fe, zinc, no foliar application and water spraying). The plant height, pod length, number of pod, number of grain in pod, and grain yield were obtained from plants treated with organic as well as chemical and integrated fertilization systems. With regards to obtain the maximum biomass (3421.8 kg/ha) and eco-friendly benefits of organic system, it is recommended as suitable fertilization treatment. The highest plant height (37.78 cm) and grain yield (800.8 kg/ha) obtained from Zn spraying, while the highest biological yield (3250.80 kg/ha) from Fe spraying and foliar application of micronutrients were the same, statistically. In conclusion, Zn and Fe spraying cause to increase the yield and yield component of mungbean.