Hamid Jabbari; Majid Gholamhoseini; Mohammad Bagher Valipour; Mohammad Reza Nazari; Amir Hossein Omidi; Habib Tashakori Meymand
Abstract
Objective: This research was carried out in order to investigate the effect of irrigation regimes on morphological traits of root and shoot of safflower genotypes.Methods: A field experiment has been conducted via polyvinyl chloride (PVC) pipes at research field of Seed and Plant Improvement Institute ...
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Objective: This research was carried out in order to investigate the effect of irrigation regimes on morphological traits of root and shoot of safflower genotypes.Methods: A field experiment has been conducted via polyvinyl chloride (PVC) pipes at research field of Seed and Plant Improvement Institute in Karaj, during 2019-2020. A factorial experiment has been laid out in a randomized complete block design with three replications. This study deals with six genotypes of safflower (Varamin landrace, Hamand landrace, Kazakhstan genotype and Amir, Goldasht and Pernian cultivars) in two irrigation regimes, including full irrigation (control) and drought stress (Irrigation after depletion of 40% and 80% of soil available moisture respectively) treatments.Results: The results showed that under drought stress conditions, root length and root diameter have increased by 28.6% and 13.6%, respectively and root dry weight, leaf relative water content (RWC), number of bolls, number of seeds per plant and seed yield per plot and was decreased by 23.6%, 15.2%, 25.4%, 63.3%, and 74.9%, respectively. Under full irrigation conditions, Amir with suitable root system (root dry weight 7.7 g and root length 71 cm) and maximum number of seeds had the highest seed yield (5.03 g per plot). In addition, under drought stress conditions, Amir cultivar had early flowering, maximum root dry weight and length, highest activity of catalase and peroxidase enzymes, and the highest seed yield per plot (1.67 g).Conclusion: Generally, Amir cultivar had more seed yield due to having a suitable root system and superior agronomic characteristics and was selected as the superior genotype.
Hamid Jabbari; Hamid Reza Fanaei; Farnaz Shariati; Hamid Sadeghi Garmarodi; Mohamad Abasali; Amir Hasan Omidi
Abstract
This study evaluates the genetic diversity of 122 safflower genotypes from the institute of plant genetics and crop plant research (IPK) and International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT). It compares their agronomic characteristics with five Iranian Safflower cultivars. Conducted at research ...
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This study evaluates the genetic diversity of 122 safflower genotypes from the institute of plant genetics and crop plant research (IPK) and International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT). It compares their agronomic characteristics with five Iranian Safflower cultivars. Conducted at research field of Seed and Plant Improvement Research Institute in Karaj between 2017 and 2018, the experiment uses an Augmented with randomized complete block design. Results indicate high genetic variation in the germplasm. Among safflower genotypes, thirty-six genotypes without thistle, eighty-one genotypes with thorns, and ten genotypes with few thistle have been observed. Principal component analysis helps identifying three main components that account for 56.5% of the total variations. The first and second components account for 29.5% and 15.9% of the total variation, respectively. These are named as a yield components and phenology and plant architecture, respectively. Safflower genotypes are divided into four groups by principal components analysis (PCA). Genotypes in the first groups have the higher grain yield than others. Genotype No. 70 with the highest grain yield (5667 kg.ha-1) is placed in this group. Numerical values of yield components such as 1000-seed weight, number of heads, and number of seeds per plant in the third group stand higher than other groups. Generally, German genotype No. 70 with high yield and genotype No. 45 with early flowering can be used in safflower breeding programs.