Ayoub Jafari; MohammadReza Bihamta; Masoumeh Moghbel; Saeid Soufizadeh; Saeed Bazgeer; Mostafa Karimi
Abstract
Objective: To evaluate the effect of planting date on the morphological traits, growth indices and seed corn yield of three varieties, an experiment was carried out in the research farm of University of Tehran in Karaj city in 2019.
Methods: The experiment was conducted as a split-plot design based ...
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Objective: To evaluate the effect of planting date on the morphological traits, growth indices and seed corn yield of three varieties, an experiment was carried out in the research farm of University of Tehran in Karaj city in 2019.
Methods: The experiment was conducted as a split-plot design based on randomized complete blocks with four replications. In this experiment, planting date in 3 levels (May 24, June 21, and July 18) was considered as main plots and variety (early KSC400, medium-early KSC647, and late KSC704) as sub plots.
Results: The results showed the highest yield is related to the second planting date (11.98 ton/Kg-1), and the longest period until the appearance of the the tassel was belonged to the first planting date (63.7 days).
The third (129/7 days), the second (122/3 days) and first planting date (113/3 days) had the longest period of physiological maturity, respectively. Also, KSC704 had the highest plant height and stem diameter, and KSC647 had the highest number of leaves. Also, the maximum leaf area, the growth rate of crop in the flowering stage was related to the cultivar KSC704 on the second and third planting date, respectively, and the maximum relative growth rate and the net absorption rate in the first vegetative stages were related to the cultivar KSC704 on the third planting date and the second planting date.
Conclusion: Overall, the second planting date and KSC704 variety are suggested as the suitable date and variety for Karaj city.
Shahram Nazari; maryam hossieni; Mehrzad Allahgholipour
Abstract
In order to investigate the effect of seed priming (pretreatment) and coating on seedling characteristics, root morphology and phenological stages of rice, a two-year experiment has been conducted in the Rice Research Institute of Iran (Rasht) between 2020 and 2021. The experiment is performed as a factorial ...
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In order to investigate the effect of seed priming (pretreatment) and coating on seedling characteristics, root morphology and phenological stages of rice, a two-year experiment has been conducted in the Rice Research Institute of Iran (Rasht) between 2020 and 2021. The experiment is performed as a factorial in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Experimental factors include two rice cultivars (Hashemi and Gohar) and the seed pretreatment of rice cultivars in seven levels, including (1) priming with calcium chloride (-1.25 MPa in 24 hours), (2) priming with potassium chloride (1.25 MPa in 24 hours), (3) priming with zinc sulfate (concentration of 0.5 mM in 12 hours), (4) hydro-priming (48 hours) + coating the seeds with calcium chloride, (5) hydro-priming (48 hours) + coating with potassium chloride, (6) hydro-priming (48 hours) + coating with zinc sulfate, and (7) hydro-priming (48 hours as control). The results show that the highest percentage and germination rate has been observed with 99.5% and 0.23 seeds per day under seed priming with potassium chloride in the Gohar cultivar, respectively. The lowest time required to achieve 90% emergence has belonged to Hasehmi and Gohar cultivars through priming with potassium chloride and calcium chloride. The highest root length (with 24.6 cm) has been observed in priming with potassium chloride in the Gohar cultivar. The highest root dry weight in Hashemi and the Gohar cultivars has been 2.14 and 4.9 g, respectively, in priming with potassium chloride. The results also show that the maximum root volume and area are obtained with 43 cm3 and 155.28 cm2 in priming with potassium chloride in Gohar cultivar, respectively. The least time required to achieve maximum tillering, 50% flowering, and physiological maturation takes place in priming treatment with calcium chloride and potassium chloride. Seed priming with potassium chloride and coating with calcium chloride have increased grain yield by 22% and 13%, respectively, compared to the control. The highest biological yield is observed in potassium chloride priming and coating with calcium chloride treatments with 5552 and 5414 kg. ha-1 in Gohar cultivar, respectively. In general, rice seed priming with calcium chloride and potassium chloride promoted plant yield by improving seedling characteristics, root system, and phenological stages.
Seyedahmad Kalantarahmadi; Jahanfar Daneshian; Habib Mobinirad
Abstract
In order to develop winter cultivation and improve crop rotation in the region, an experiment has been conducted to evaluate the effects of sowing date on sunflower cultivars seed yield. It is a split-plot based on completed randomized blocks design with four replications in Safiabad Agricultural and ...
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In order to develop winter cultivation and improve crop rotation in the region, an experiment has been conducted to evaluate the effects of sowing date on sunflower cultivars seed yield. It is a split-plot based on completed randomized blocks design with four replications in Safiabad Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center of Dezful and has taken place during two years (2015-2016). The main plots are consisted of four sowing date levels (23rd Jan, 6th Feb, 20th Feb, and 6th Mar), while the sub plots include nine levels of cultivars (Azargol, Armavirski, Barzegar, Progress, Record, Shams, Farokh, Ghasem, and Gabor). Delay in the sowing date has decreased growth period length and plant height, with the greatest number of seeds per capitulum (684.17) belonging to record cultivar on the first sowing date in the first year and the maximum one (767.47) occurring again to this cultivar on the third sowing date in the second year. The maximum seed yield in the first (3850 kg.ha-1) and second (4088 kg.ha-1) year belong to the first sowing date (23rd Jan) and Azargol cultivar. Based on the results, Azargol cultivar have had the lowest rank, being considered as the cultivar with the highest seed yield on all sowing dates, followed by Record and Armavirski, in the second and third placed, respectively. In terms of stability, considering that Farrokh cultivar also has had the lowest standard deviation, it has been selected as the most stable cultivar.
Somayeh Ehsanfar; Ali Sorooshzadeh; Seyed Ali Mohammad Modarres-Sanavy; Majid Ghorbani Javid
Abstract
To investigate the effect of polyamines on vegetative and biochemical traits of Crocus sativus L., an experiment was conducted as factorial in a randomized complete block design with three replications in 2015-2016 in Training Field of Tarbiat Modares University with three sizes of corms (3-5, 5-7 and ...
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To investigate the effect of polyamines on vegetative and biochemical traits of Crocus sativus L., an experiment was conducted as factorial in a randomized complete block design with three replications in 2015-2016 in Training Field of Tarbiat Modares University with three sizes of corms (3-5, 5-7 and 7-10 g) and five concentrations of polyamines (zero in control, zero in distilled water, spermidine 0.5 and 1 , putrescine 0.5 and 1 ) as the treatments. Results showed that plants treated with putrescine 0.5 and spermidine 1 mM had the highest germination percentage (96.56 percent) and the highest number of lateral sprouts (average number of 8.33), respectively. The length and weight of the leaves were negatively affected by polyamine treatment. The highest chlorophyll content and corm yield were observed in plants treated with Putrescine 0.5 mM and 1 mM, respectively. The content of starch and soluble carbohydrates in dormant corms at the end of growing season were not affected by polyamines significantly; however, total phenolic and flavonoid content in these corms were respectively decreased and increased as a result of applying polyamines. Having no significant effect on stigma dry weight and picrocrocin content, polyamine treatment increased the number of flowers and crocin content in small corms. It is concluded that to obtain better vegetative and biochemical traits of saffron, corms more than 7 g, treated with putrescine, should be used.
Samaneh Asadisanam; Mohsen Zavareh; Hematolah Pirdashti; Fatemeh Sefidkon; Ghorban Ali Nemat Zadeh
Abstract
Purple conefloweras top-selling medicinal plant is widely used in Europe and North America for the treatment of common cold. This experiment was conducted as a randomized complete block design in split plot arrangement with three replications in Research Farm of Genetics and Agricultural Biotechnology ...
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Purple conefloweras top-selling medicinal plant is widely used in Europe and North America for the treatment of common cold. This experiment was conducted as a randomized complete block design in split plot arrangement with three replications in Research Farm of Genetics and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute of Tabarestan in 2012-13. Experimental treatments included three transplanting dates (April 9, May 9 and June 8, 2013), and three plant population densities (7, 10 and 16 plant/m2) which considered as main and subplots, respectively. Results showed a relative compensatory effect of higher population density until 10 plants/m2, however, delayed planting resulted to decrease in total shoot, leaf (L) and stem (S) dry weights. It represents that the highest flower (F) dry weight (27.1 g/plant) was related to planting on May 9 with 10 plant/m2 density. Ratio of L/shoot was greater than S/Shoot than F/shoot dry weight. The highest (L+F)/Shoot ratio was related to the April and May planting dates while the highest S/Shoot ratio was related June’s planting date. Maximum total phenol content of leaves (51.1 mg of GAE/ g dry matter) and stems (35.9 mg of GAE/ g dry matter) were measured in plants cultivated on April 9 with a density of 10 plant/m2. The highest total phenolic content of flowers (56.5 mg of GAE/ g dry matter) was determined in plants cultivated on May 9 with a density of 10 plant/m2. Total phenol of flowers was greater in leaves than stems. Overall, it could be concluded that early planting of purple coneflower on April 9 with 10 plant/m2 density was suitable for leaf and stem dry weight and total phenol production, while the delayed planting until May 9 with a population density of 10 plant/m2 was favorite for flower as production of dry weight and total phenol, according to the experiment conditions
Mohammad Moradi Telavat; Zohreh Kazemi; Seyyed Ataollah Siadat
Abstract
A field experiment was carried out to study the yield and physiological responses of rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) to boron application and high temperature stress due to late planting, in Ramin Agriculture and Natural Resources University of Khuzestan at 2013-2014. The experimental design was a split ...
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A field experiment was carried out to study the yield and physiological responses of rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) to boron application and high temperature stress due to late planting, in Ramin Agriculture and Natural Resources University of Khuzestan at 2013-2014. The experimental design was a split plots design in RCBD with four replications. Planting dates (18 November, 3 December, 17 December and 30 December) were placed in main plots and boron application treatments (control, 10 kg B.ha-1 incorporated with soil, boron spraying at 8 leaf stage and budding stages) were placed in sub plots. Planting date had significant effect on relative water content (RWC), cell membrane stability, peroxidase enzyme activity, leaf area index (LAI), canopy’s temperature, grain yield and dry matter. In addition, boron application had significant effect on LAI, peroxidase enzyme activity and yield. Late planting caused to decrease the grain yield and dry matter related to increased canopy’s temperature at flowering stages. Delayed planting from 18 November to 30 December, result in decreased grain yield about 60.5 percent. Boron application incorporated with soil caused to increased grain yield about 23 percent in comparison to control. High temperature stress due to late planting caused to decreased RWC, cell membrane stability and LAI in flowering stage. Generally, highest grain yield (4579.7 kg.ha-1) was obtained from planting at 18 November and 10 kg boron.ha-1 incorporated with soil, and lowest grain yield was obtained from planting at 30 December and without boron application.
Azizollah Khandan-Mirkohi; Farzaneh Kazemi; Mesbah Babalar; Rouhangiz Naderi
Abstract
To evaluate the effect of limited application of nitrogen (N) on the height control of geranium(Pelargonium hortorum) and improving its quality performance, an experiment was conducted based on acomplete randomized block design with three replications in the greenhouse environment through theyears 2011-2012. ...
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To evaluate the effect of limited application of nitrogen (N) on the height control of geranium(Pelargonium hortorum) and improving its quality performance, an experiment was conducted based on acomplete randomized block design with three replications in the greenhouse environment through theyears 2011-2012. Geranium seedlings were cultivated in the pots filled with peat-based substrate (peat, 80vol. percent + sandy loam field soil 20 vol. percent). For the limited application of N, four differentnutrient solutions with the same macro and micro elements, except N levels of 2.5, two, 1.5 and one mMwere applied. The rate of ammonium to nitrate nitrogen for all treatments was kept as 20 to 80 percent.The traits such as plant height, number and length of shoots, number of florescence and number offlowers in the florescence, pedicle length and leaf number, leaf area, chlorophyll, antocianins, fresh anddry weight of shoot and root were measured at the end of the experiment. Limitation of N applicationfrom 2.5 mM to 1.5 mM in the nutrient solution, although reduced the length of shoot, but did not affectnegatively the quality of plants. Farther decreasing of N level to 1 mM, negatively influenced the allquality and quantity parameters of the plant and may not be introduced for production of geranium.